The Location of Employment Growth after 1978: The Surprising Significance of Dispersed Centres

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Job Growth

Despite the overwhelming importance of job loss in labour markets in Great Britain since 1979, and the growth of unemployment everywhere, it has come to light that a proportion of areas enjoyed net job gains when recession was at its worst. Contrary to common assertion, these areas lay not entirely in the Home Counties or eastern Scotland, but included examples in most regions (for example, Exeter, York). A common denominator of many of these changes lies in relative shifts towards grade 3A service centres in the production of services. This pattern also prompts the need for thorough stocktaking over the location of elements of job growth, and the methodological implications of new sectoral patterns of growth, which continue to be represented sharply in official estimates at regional level to 1985.

Employment growth and clusters dynamics of creative industries in Great Britain

2009 ◽  
pp. 60-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Fingleton ◽  
Danilo C. Igliori ◽  
Barry Moore ◽  
Raakhi Odedra
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Creative Industries

scholarly journals Characteristics and Drivers of the Swiss “Job Miracle”

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Siegenthaler ◽  
Michael Graff ◽  
Massimo Mannino
Keyword(s):  
Real Wage ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
Wage Increases ◽  
Very High

AbstractSwitzerland’s employment growth since the early 2000s was very high in both historical and international perspective, despite solid real wage increases and only moderate GDP growth. Yet, the reasons for the remarkable creation of jobs are largely unknown. We aim at filling this gap by studying the underlying characteristics and drivers of the Swiss “job miracle”. We first outline the characteristics of the “job miracle” and show that the observed job growth correlates with a substantial increase in the labor intensity of economic activity. We then discuss five potential drivers of the unprecedented employment growth, which are consistent with the facts. Our empirical results suggest that immigration was the key factor in explaining the “job miracle” as it raised local demand and thereby triggered the creation of additional jobs.

scholarly journals Assessing the competitiveness of Kazakhstan regions: creating an index

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Aknur Zhidebekkyzy ◽  
Rimma Sagiyeva ◽  
Zhansaya Temerbulatova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The North ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Competitive Regions ◽  
Three Factor

Today there is no single universally accepted method for assessing the competitiveness of the country’s regions. For this reason, the research created a methodology for assessing competitiveness at the regional level for Kazakhstan. The three-factor model of Huggins for ranking the regions of Great Britain by the level of competitiveness was used as the basis, and then the model was expanded on the example of a study assessing the competitiveness of the regions of the European Union countries. All data for assessing the competitiveness of the regions of Kazakhstan were collected from the official website of the Committee on Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the article, 14 regions and 2 cities of republican significance were ranked in terms of competitiveness. As a result, the most competitive regions of Kazakhstan were Almaty city, Atyrau region and Nur-Sultan city, the worst indicator was found for the North Kazakhstan and Zhambyl regions.

scholarly journals Shift-share analysis of employment growth – the case of V4 countries

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bielik ◽  
M. Rajčániová
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Competitive Effect ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Visegrad Group

The performance of labour market together with its consequences (changes in employment, wages and labour productivity) is regarded as one of the major economic problems of our times. Well functioning labour market is an important precondition for economic growth and competitiveness of the country (Musil 2007; Blanchard 2006). The aim of this paper is to examine the changes in employment with the help of the shift-share analysis. Shift-share analysis enables the decomposition of employment growth into sectoral-mix effect, competitive effect and residual effect. First part of the paper will present the literature background on the development of labour markets of the V4 countries. Later on, we try to identify the driving forces of employment growth in the Visegrad group countries during the period 1994–2006. In addition, the last part of the paper will summarise the results obtained in our analysis.

Reassessing the ‘Massachusetts Miracle’: Reindustrialization and Balanced Growth, or Convergence to ‘Manhattanization’?

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Harrison ◽  
J Kluver
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Equilibrium Structure ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Balanced Growth ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Military Procurement ◽  
Job Growth

Research suggests that conventional wisdom about the ‘miraculous’ reindustrialization of the regional economy of Massachusetts is much too simplistic. The decline in unemployment was as much the result of low average labor-force growth as it was of rapid job creation. Also Massachusetts has experienced increases in income and wage inequality, and there has been a dramatic slowdown in employment growth. The manufacturing sector is still deindustrializing and high-tech job growth has virtually ceased. Several complementary explanations are offered for these changes. First, a chronic labor shortage is constraining company expansion. Second the declining rate of growth of federal military procurement may particularly affect Massachusetts. Third, the state economy may have begun to converge on a new equilibrium structure. A shift–share analysis of employment changes during the periods 1973 – 79, 1979 – 84, and 1984 – 87 reveals that the state's competitive advantage has narrowed to a small number of business services and their associated real estate and construction activities.

Dimensions of Labor Market Change in Canada: Intersectoral Shifts, Jobs, and Worker Turnover

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Baldwin ◽  
P. K. Gorecki
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Market Change ◽  
Job Change ◽  
Worker Turnover ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
Level Shifts

This paper examines different aspects of labor market change. Three separate measures of change are used to examine respectively the extent of employment shifts among industries; job change measures that capture the extent of employment growth and decline as a result of changes in producer employment levels; the size of worker separations. When change is measured as the employment lost from manufacturing industries that decline in size between 1970 and 1979, the degree of reallocation is found to be relatively small. In contrast, job growth and decline at the producer level shifts large amounts, even in the long run. Over the period 1970 to 1981, about 3.6 percent of manufacturing jobs were lost annually due to the decline of producers. The largest amount of change is found when worker separations are measured. Between 1978 and 1986, the number of permanent separations was, on average, equal to more than 20 percent of the number of people holding jobs in the manufacturing sector.

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