The Costs of Urban Sprawl: Some New Evidence

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Gordon ◽  
H L Wong
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
National Sample ◽  
The Us ◽  
Personal Transportation ◽  
Work Trip ◽  
New Evidence

A large national sample from the US 1977 Nationwide Personal Transportation Study is analyzed in order to test the transport economies that may result from the dispersion of work trip-ends. Based on indirect evidence that the largest metropolitan areas have the largest proportion of noncentral-city work trip-ends, we associate a variety of work-trip results for such cities with a polycentric urban form hypothesis. We claim that these results also suggest that decentralized settlement (‘sprawl’?) is not necessarily uneconomical.

scholarly journals Spousal Concordance in Telomere Length: New Evidence from Older Adults in the US

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Mating Patterns ◽  
Educational Attainments ◽  
The Us ◽  
Spousal Concordance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Spousal Similarity ◽  
Retirement Study

AbstractTelomere length (TL) has been associated with a range of aging outcomes as well as mortality. Recent research has shown both high heritability (∼70 %) of TL as well as moderate spousal similarity (r∼.3) using European datasets. This paper explores the level of spousal concordance in telomere length in the Health and Retirement Study, a national sample of adults in the US. The results both show that the spousal similarity in TL is lower in the US and also varies by the length of time spouses have been married as well as the educational attainments of husbands. These findings suggest the possibility of both assortative mating patterns related to telomere length as well as likelihood of shared environmental factors that cause similarity in TL in people who are socially connected.

The Relationship between Urban Density and Building Energy Consumption

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Nariman Mostafavi ◽  
Mehdi Pourpeikari Heris ◽  
Fernanda Gándara ◽  
Simi Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Density ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Neighborhood characteristics influence natural urban energy fluxes and the choices made by urban actors. This article focuses on the impact of urban density as a neighborhood physical parameter on building energy consumption profiles for seven different metropolitan areas in the United States. Primarily, 30 × 30 m2 cells were classified into five categories of settlement density using the US Geological Survey’s National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD), the US Census, and Census Block data. In the next step, linear hierarchical spatial and non-spatial models were developed and applied to building energy data in those seven metropolitan areas to explore the links between urban density (and other urban form parameters) and energy performance, using both frequentist and Bayesian statistics. Our results indicate that urban density is correlated with energy-use intensity (EUI), but its impact is not similar across different metropolitan areas. The outcomes of our analysis further show that the distance from buildings within which the influence of urban form parameters on EUI is most significant varies by city and negatively changes with urban density. Although the relationship between urban density parameters and EUI varies across cities, tree-cover area, impervious area, and neighborhood building-covered area have a more consistent impact compared to building and housing density.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF URBAN SPRAWL USING SHANNON’S ENTROPY AND FRACTAL ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY OF ATAKUM, ILKADIM AND CANIK (SAMSUN, TURKEY)

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya OZTURK
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Shannon’S Entropy ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Classification ◽  
Shannon's Entropy ◽  
Box Counting

Urban sprawl is one of the most important problems in urban development due to its negative environmental and societal impacts. Therefore, the spatial pattern of urban growth should be accurately analyzed and well understood for effective urban planning. This paper focuses on urban sprawl analysis in the Atakum, Ilkadim and Canik districts of Samsun, Turkey. In this study, urban sprawl was examined over a period of 24 years using Shannon's entropy and fractal analysis based on remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS). The built-up areas in 1989, 2000 and 2013 were extracted from Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI images using the maximum likelihood classification method, and urban form changes in the 1989–2013 period were investigated. The Shannon's entropy method was used to determine the degree of urban sprawl, and a fractal analysis method based on box counting was used to characterize the urban sprawl. The results show that Atakum, Ilkadim and Canik experienced important changes and have considerable sprawl and complex characteristics now. The study also revealed that there is no monotonic relationship between Shannon's entropy and fractal dimension.

scholarly journals Shared mobility and urban form impacts: a case study of peer-to-peer (P2P) carsharing in the US

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Shaheen ◽  
Elliot Martin ◽  
Mikaela Hoffman-Stapleton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
The Us ◽  
Shared Mobility
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document