Structuring Urban Transportation Planning Decisions: The Use of Statistical Decision Theory

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.G. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Theory ◽  
Transportation Planning ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Statistical Decision ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Sequential Nature ◽  
Future Demand

It is argued that there are difficulties in current transportation practice because the existing process does not reflect adequately the context in which urban transportation investments are actually made. Such investments are made sequentially and the planner therefore has the opportunity to monitor the performance of implemented projects and to use this information to reappraise future investments. Decisions are also made under conditions of uncertainty with respect to future demand and costs of construction and operation. This paper demonstrates how some principles of statistical decision theory may be used to structure the sequential nature of transportation investments and to provide for formal treatments of uncertainty and the value of information. A hypothetical example is presented to illustrate the application of the framework developed.

scholarly journals Bayesian natural selection and the evolution of perceptual systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1420) ◽  
pp. 419-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson S. Geisler ◽  
Randy L. Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Ideal Observer ◽  
Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Statistical Decision ◽  
Natural Stimuli ◽  
Ideal Observers ◽  
Formal Framework ◽  
Bayesian Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Perceptual Systems

In recent years, there has been much interest in characterizing statistical properties of natural stimuli in order to better understand the design of perceptual systems. A fruitful approach has been to compare the processing of natural stimuli in real perceptual systems with that of ideal observers derived within the framework of Bayesian statistical decision theory. While this form of optimization theory has provided a deeper understanding of the information contained in natural stimuli as well as of the computational principles employed in perceptual systems, it does not directly consider the process of natural selection, which is ultimately responsible for design. Here we propose a formal framework for analysing how the statistics of natural stimuli and the process of natural selection interact to determine the design of perceptual systems. The framework consists of two complementary components. The first is a maximum fitness ideal observer, a standard Bayesian ideal observer with a utility function appropriate for natural selection. The second component is a formal version of natural selection based upon Bayesian statistical decision theory. Maximum fitness ideal observers and Bayesian natural selection are demonstrated in several examples. We suggest that the Bayesian approach is appropriate not only for the study of perceptual systems but also for the study of many other systems in biology.

Structuring Urban Transportation Planning Decisions: Available Social Science Constructs

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Transportation Planning ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Efficiency Criterion ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Welfare Theory

A welfare-theory-based framework for the evaluation of urban transportation investments is described. An economic efficiency criterion is developed in terms of the community demand schedules for accessibility and for environmental quality. A procedure for modifying this efficiency criterion to reflect income distribution goals is presented. It is argued that the necessary empirical information for this evaluation framework must be derived from the application of some consistent theory of democratic group decisions. A number of models of the political process are then reviewed. Recent experience with several institutional frameworks for planning is discussed and some of the principles of the models are used to evaluate this experience. The contributions that available models of the political process might make to the extension of the welfare-based-evaluation framework are then explored. The elementary extensions presented in the paper provide a basis for studying the goal formulation and weighting processes in particular communities. Comparative studies in a number of urban communities should lead to the development of a meaningful institutional framework for urban transportation planning activities.

Statistical decision theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elías Moreno ◽  
Francisco José Vázquez-Polo ◽  
Miguel Ángel Negrín-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Decision Theory ◽  
Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Statistical Decision

scholarly journals Decision making, movement planning and statistical decision theory

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Trommershäuser ◽  
Laurence T. Maloney ◽  
Michael S. Landy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Movement Planning ◽  
Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Statistical Decision

Advances in Statistical Decision Theory and Applications

Technometrics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
S. Panchapakesan ◽  
N. Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Theory ◽  
Statistical Decision Theory ◽  
Statistical Decision
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document