Traffic safety: Ambitious targets and initiatives in Canada and around the world

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Association between Truck Crashes due to Mechanical Failure and Truck Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jaeyoung Lee ◽  
Suyi Mao ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Aty ◽  
Yanqi Lian ◽  
Lishengsha Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Mechanical Failure ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The World ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact

There have been efforts to restrict older trucks in many jurisdictions all over the world. The primary goal of the restrictions is to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. In addition to the environmental benefits, it is also possible that the truck age restriction could contribute to the enhancement of traffic safety. Older trucks are subject to longer travel-miles than newer trucks and tend to have higher mechanical failure rates. Extremely few studies have been done to explore the impact of trucks’ age on their crash occurrence due to mechanical problems. This study aims to investigate the association between the truck crashes due to mechanical issues and the truck age. Two approaches are adopted to achieve the objective. First, a chi-square test reveals that the proportions of the mechanical failures among older trucks are higher than those among newer ones ( χ 2  = 256.199, p < 0.0001 ). Second, the modeling results indicate that the number of truck crashes due to mechanical failures is significantly increased by the truck age. The findings suggest that policies restricting older trucks should consider not only environmental effects but also traffic safety benefits.

scholarly journals Features of Streets and Urban Roads Greening in Ukraine and other Countries of the World

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Tkachenko ◽  
Tetyana Lytvynenko ◽  
Dmitry Prusov ◽  
Lina Hasenko
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Noise Absorption ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Normative Requirements ◽  
High Level

The work is devoted to placement of streets and urban roads greening elements. The statistics of the road traffic fatalities rate as a result of ride on obstruction, in particular a tree in Ukraine, Poland, the USA, Denmark, have been analyzed. An unsatisfactory situation in Ukraine was confirmed, where the accident rate on roads with a fatal outcome is almost 10 times higher than in the safest countries of the world. The main functions of the streets and urban roads greening elements are generalized. There are: environmental protection (noise absorption, air purification from exhaust gases and pollination); decorating (creation of space for satisfaction of esthetic requirements of a person); accentuating; barrier etc. The greening elements of Ukraine streets and urban roads are classified and compared with the classifications of Queensland (Australia) and Poland. Current placement of greening elements in Poltava (Ukraine) streets was analyzed and the main disadvantages of placing greening elements were revealed. The normative requirements for the street and urban road greening elements placement in Ukraine, Queensland (Australia), Poland, Sweden, Denmark have been analyzed. Existing placement of the street and urban road greening elements in countries with high level of traffic safety were researched and the ways of improvement of existing street greening in Ukraine was found.

scholarly journals International legal and methodological support of road traffic safety: concepts and essential features

2021 ◽  
pp. 208-217
Author(s):  
M. G. Kolodyazhny
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
The World ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
International Status ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article aims to learn about international legal and international methodological support of road traffic safety and transport operation. A number of statistical indicators, which testify to the catastrophic state of road traffic safety both in the world in general and in Ukraine in particular, are presented. The development of the definition of this concept is proposed to carry out in the classical way: by highlighting its corresponding essential features. These include: object, subject, system and purpose. The object is the sphere of road traffic of the motor transport specifically. The subjects are the international institutions (UN, WHO, World Bank, etc.) and international public associations. The system of such support is classified into eight main groups according to the sphere of regulation of the relevant legal relations within the general sector of road traffic safety. In turn, the international methodological support in this sphere is classified into seven types according to its focus. The main international conventions, resolutions and other decisions, first of all, the UN’s ones, and the international agreements forming the system of the international legal support of road traffic safety are presented. The purpose of this support is to increase road traffic safety around the world. Hence, the international legal and methodological support for road traffic safety is a set of regulations of an international nature, information materials issued with the participation of official institutions with international status, as well as international public associations aimed at ensuring traffic safety, reducing mortality and road traffic injuries in different countries of the world.

Use of Bivariate Random-Parameter Probit Model to Analyze the Injury Severity of Highway Traffic Crashes Involving School-Age Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110116
Author(s):  
Jaeyoung Lee ◽  
Suyi Mao ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Aty ◽  
Wen Fu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
School Age ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
Severity Level ◽  
The World

Traffic safety has been a serious public health issue. According to the World Health Organization, annual traffic fatalities and non-fatal injuries are 1.35 million and 20 to 50 million, respectively, worldwide. Vehicle crashes, in particular, are the leading cause of the death of children in the world. This study aims to analyze the injury severity level of drivers and school-age passengers and to identify contributing factors, focusing on the effects of driver characteristics on the severity of injuries to the driver and child passenger. A bivariate model is adopted to capture unobserved shared factors between the driver’s and child’s injury severity levels. The results indicate that the factors contributing to the injury severity level of drivers and school-age passengers are quite different, and some driver characteristics significantly affect the injury severity of the child passenger. The findings from this study can contribute to an efficient strategic plan to reduce the injury severity of vehicle occupants.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Road Traffic Accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2417-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Touahmia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are becoming a major problem around the world, incurring enormous losses of human and economic resources. Recent reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) reveal that each year more than 1.25 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road traffic accidents worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, statistics show that at least one traffic accident occurs every minute, causing up to 7,000 deaths and over 39,000 injuries annually. In this study, the main causes of RATs in the province of Hail are examined. The data was collected through the use of a survey which was developed to evaluate the effect of influencing parameters on RTA rate. The results show that 67% of RTAs result from human factors, 29% from road conditions and 4% from vehicle defects. Excessive speed and violation of traffic rules and regulations were found to be the main causes of RATs. Low rates of compliance with speed limit signs and seat-belt regulations were also observed. These findings highlight the need of strengthening effective traffic law enforcement alongside with improving traffic safety and raising public awareness.

scholarly journals Investigating the Importance of Tunnel Lighting and its Role in Reducing Traffic Accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (29) ◽  
pp. 39-57
Author(s):  
Massoud Danishmal ◽  
◽  
Zainullah Serat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Road Tunnels ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Potential ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

Traffic safety is a major concern worldwide. Road accidents are the ninth leading cause of death in the world. Tunnel accidents are less common than road accidents. However, the severity of the accidents is more severe. One of the key factors in preventing accidents in road tunnels is proper lighting system. Failure to pay attention to this issue causes the phenomenon of black hole when approaching the tunnel, visual mismatch inside the tunnel and the phenomenon of glowing hole when leaving the tunnel. The creation of these factors has increased the risk potential at the entrance and exit of the tunnel up to 4 times the middle area of the tunnel. At the entrance to the tunnel, the reflection of sunlight from the surroundings and the lack of sufficient light usually cause some vision problems. It may lead to drivers' eyes not adapting to changing the brightness level at the tunnel entrance, thus increasing the risk of road accidents in this area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the lighting safety in very long road tunnels based on the visual adaptation of drivers in the tunnels. In this paper, first, generalities about tunnel safety are stated and using the CIE88-2004 standard, the required luminosity in the threshold, transition, interior and exit areas of the tunnel is designed. Finally, solutions are proposed to increase the safety of tunnels.

scholarly journals Prediction of Fatalities in Vehicle Collisions in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-669
Author(s):  
Liza Babaoglu ◽  
Ceni Babaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Road Design ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

Traffic collisions affect millions around the world and are the leading cause of death for children and young adults. Thus, Canada’s road safety plan is to reduce collision injuries and fatalities with a vision of making the safest roads in the world. We aim to predict fatalities of collisions on Canadian roads, and to discover causation of fatalities through exploratory data analysis and machine learning techniques. We analyse the vehicle collisions from Canada’s National Collision Database (1999–2017.) Through data mining methodologies, we investigate association rules and key contributing factors that lead to fatalities. Then, we propose two supervised learning classification models, Lasso Regression and XGBoost, to predict fatalities. Our analysis shows the deadliness of head-on collisions, especially in non-intersection areas with lacking traffic control systems. We also reveal that most collision fatalities occur in non-extreme weather and road conditions. Our prediction models show that the best classifier of fatalities is XGBoost with 83% accuracy. Its most important features are “collision configuration” and “used safety devices” elements, outnumbering attributes such as vehicle year, collision time, age, or sex of the individual. Our exploratory and predictive analysis reveal the importance of road design and traffic safety education.

A Study on Local Traffic Management to Improve Marine Traffic Safety in the Istanbul Strait

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Volkan Aydogdu ◽  
Cemil Yurtoren ◽  
Jin-Soo Park ◽  
Young-Soo Park
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Accident Statistics ◽  
Navigation Safety

The Istanbul Strait is one of the most congested waterways in the world and is difficult to navigate due to its ‘S-shaped’ geographic structure (Akten, 2004). Much of the local marine traffic affects navigation safety. Results of Yurtoren and Inoue (2004)'s study, which investigated navigational risks in the Istanbul Strait in terms of manoeuvring difficulties and accident statistics, indicates the necessity of effective and applicable local traffic management in the southern entrance of the Strait. In this study, Marine Traffic Fast Time Simulation (MTFTS) studies are used and an attempt is made to improve navigation safety by proposing Local Traffic Separation Schemes (LTSS).

scholarly journals The Development of Data Warehouse to Support Data Mining Technique for Traffic Accident Prediction

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 12007
Author(s):  
Budiawan Wiwik ◽  
Singgih Saptadi ◽  
Ary Arvianto
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Accident Prediction ◽  
The World

Traffic accidents are one of the major health problems that cause serious death in the world and ranks 9th in the world. Traffic accidents in Indonesia ranks 5th in the world. One effort to improve traffic safety is to design traffic accident prediction models. Prediction models will utilize accident-related data in traffic through data mining processing. The data warehouse offers benefits as a basis for data mining. Building an effective data warehouse requires knowledge and attention to key issues in database design, data acquisition and processing, as well as data access and security. This study is the first step in the development of data mining accidents based prediction system. The output of this initial stage is the design of data warehouses that can provide periodic and incidental data to the data mining process, especially in the prediction of accidents. The method used to design data warehouse is Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document