Prolonged mild fetal hypoxia up-regulates type I nitric oxide synthase expression in discrete areas of the late-gestation fetal sheep brain

2002 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Pryor ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
G.Angela Massmann ◽  
Jorge P. Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Sheep Brain ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Effect of chronic hypoxemia on the regulation of nitric-oxide synthase in the fetal sheep brain

1998 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kripamoy Aguan ◽  
Jun Murotsuki ◽  
Robert Gagnon ◽  
Loren P Thompson ◽  
Carl P Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Sheep Brain ◽  
Chronic Hypoxemia ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms is reduced in late-gestation ovine fetal brainstem

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. R613-R619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Wood ◽  
Gin-Fu Chen ◽  
Maureen Keller-Wood
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Inos Mrna ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Enos Mrna ◽  
Ovine Fetal ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Nos Isoforms

Fetal baroreflex responsiveness increases in late gestation. An important modulator of baroreflex activity is the generation of nitric oxide in the brainstem nuclei that integrate afferent and efferent reflex activity. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms are expressed in the fetal brainstem and that the expression of one or more of these enzymes is reduced in late gestation. Brainstem tissue was rapidly collected from fetal sheep of known gestational ages (80, 100, 120, 130, 145 days gestation and 1 day and 1 wk postnatal). Neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial (eNOS) mRNA was measured using real-time PCR methodology specific for ovine NOS isoforms. The three enzymes were measured at the protein level using Western blot methodology. In tissue prepared for histology separately, the cellular pattern of immunostaining was identified in medullae from late-gestation fetal sheep. Fetal brainstem contained mRNA and protein of all three NOS isoforms, with nNOS the most abundant, followed by iNOS and eNOS, respectively. nNOS and iNOS mRNA abundances were highest at 80 days' gestation, with statistically significant decreases in abundance in more mature fetuses and postnatal animals. nNOS and eNOS protein abundance also decreased as a function of developmental age. nNOS and eNOS were expressed in neurons, iNOS was expressed in glia, and eNOS was expressed in vascular endothelial cells. We conclude that all three isoforms of NOS are constitutively expressed within the fetal brainstem, and the expression of all three forms is reduced with advancing gestation. We speculate that the reduced expression of NOS in this brain region plays a role in the increased fetal baroreflex activity in late gestation.

Nitric oxide synthase type I and type III gene expression are developmentally regulated in rat lung

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (6) ◽  
pp. L635-L641 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. North ◽  
R. A. Star ◽  
T. S. Brannon ◽  
K. Ujiie ◽  
L. B. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Oxide Synthase

The successful transition from fetal to neonatal life involves a marked decline in pulmonary vascular resistance which is modulated in part by endothelium-derived nitric oxide. To define the molecular processes which prepare the pulmonary circulation for nitric oxide mediation of vasodilatation at the time of birth, we determined the ontogeny of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS-III) gene expression in lungs from fetal and newborn rats. Maturational changes in lung neuronal NOS (NOS-I) expression were also investigated; the latter isoform has been localized to rat bronchiolar epithelium. NOS proteins were examined by immunoblot analysis, and mRNA abundance was assessed in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays. Both NOS-III and NOS-I protein were detectable in 16-day fetal lung, they increased 3.8- and 3.1-fold, respectively, to maximal levels at 20 days of gestation (term = 22 day), and they fell postnatally (1-5 days). In parallel with the findings for NOS-III protein, NOS-III mRNA increased from 16 to 20 days gestation and fell after birth. In contrast, NOS-I mRNA abundance declined during late fetal life and rose postnatally. These findings were confirmed by Northern analyses. Thus NOS-III and NOS-I gene expression are developmentally regulated in rat lung, with maximal NOS-III and NOS-I protein present near term. The regulation of pulmonary NOS-III may primarily involve alterations in transcription or mRNA stability, whereas NOS-I expression in the maturing lung may also be mediated by additional posttranscriptional processes.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Reduced Striatal NMDA Excitotoxicity in Type I Nitric Oxide Synthase Knock-Out Mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6908-6917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cenk Ayata ◽  
Gamze Ayata ◽  
Hideaki Hara ◽  
Russel T. Matthews ◽  
M. Flint Beal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Type I ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Knock Out Mice ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Induction and variants of neuronal nitric oxide synthase type I during synaptogenesis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 799-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Ogilvie ◽  
Karl Schilling ◽  
Melvin L. Bllllngslev ◽  
Harald H. H. W. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Type I ◽  
Oxide Synthase
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