Cutaneous photodamage, oxidative stress, and topical antioxidant protection

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheldon R. Pinnell
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Protection

State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L. K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Strashok ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
G. V. Kosovtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

Gender differences in biochemical measurement reflecting the state of free-radical oxidation and antioxidant protection among workers in metallurgical production

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 877-881
Author(s):  
I. A. Umnyagina ◽  
L. A. Strakhova ◽  
T. V. Blinova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Production Factors

Introduction. To date, age and sex differences have been established for many biochemical parameters. Gender differences in indicators for systems such as antioxidant, thiol-disulfide, oxidative stress and inflammation systems are absent or under study.The aim of the study was to identify gender differences in biochemical parameters reflecting the functioning of antioxidant systems of the body and free radical oxidation in workers of metallurgical production, in contact with harmful production factors.Materials and methods. The blood of men and women working at the metallurgical enterprise of the Nizhny Novgorod region (n=80) under the influence of a complex of physical and chemical production factors was studied. Total oxidative stress, total antioxidant capacity of serum, glutathione levels were studied by photometric biochemical methods. Levels of C-reactive protein and 8-hydroxy–2-deoxyguanosine were studied by ELISA.Results. The average amount of peroxides in the serum of women exceeded 1.6 times this figure in men. In the group of men, the content of 8-Ondg was higher by 26% (p=0.012), the level of GS-by 12% (p=0.019), the activity of SOD — by 1.5–2 times (p=0.0001), the level of CRP — by 2 times (p=0.008) compared to similar indicators in women.Conclusions. Studies of gender differences in workers under the influence of harmful production factors will allow more effective approach to the etiology, treatment and prognosis of production-related diseases. Indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant protection can be indicators of the health of workers under the influence of harmful industrial factors and be important in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Biochemical criteria for the development mechanisms of various reproduction disorders in dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Ventsova ◽  
VLADIMIR SAFONOV
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Gonadal Dysfunction ◽  
Vitamins E And C ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites ◽  
Uterine Diseases

Abstract. Ventsova I, Safonov V. 2021. Biochemical criteria for the development mechanisms of various reproduction disorders in dairy cows. Biodiversitas 22: 4997-5002. The article presents the evaluation of peroxide, antioxidant, and hormonal conditions of high-producing red-and-white dairy cows in the physiological and pathological course of pregnancy and the postpartum period. The blood concentration of malonic dialdehyde, stable nitric oxide metabolites, S-nitrosothiols, vitamins E and C, carotin, gonadal, corticosteroid, and thyroid hormones, as well as activity of GPx, GR, SOD, catalase, and ceruloplasmin, were estimated to define major disorder-provoking factors. Analysis of the data shows that ketosis-gestosis syndrome during pregnancy, postpartum metritis, and gonadal dysfunction occur mainly because of oxidative stress in the context of unbalanced peroxide responses and antioxidant protection. Levels of malonic dialdehyde compared to healthy animals increased by 42.3%, 75%, 56.6%, respectively, as also enzyme activities of GR by 26%, 68.1%, 30.1% and catalase by 17.3%, 45.1%, and 23.9%, correspondingly. The endocrine status indicators in the animals with ketosis-gestosis syndrome changed as follows: progesterone levels were 29.5% lower in cows, 17?-estradiol and cortisol were 20.8% and 14.7% lower, respectively. In animals with inflammatory uterine diseases and depressing reproductive glands, progesterone level was 2 and 3 times lower than in healthy animals, the content of cortisol was 17.6% and 25.1% lower, and testosterone decreased by 21.4% and 75.1%, respectively.

scholarly journals The Importance of Oxidative Stress in Determining the Functionality of Mammalian Spermatozoa: A Two-Edged Sword

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Aitken ◽  
Joel R. Drevet
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Camp Generation ◽  
Continuous Generation ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Mammalian Spermatozoa

This article addresses the importance of oxidative processes in both the generation of functional gametes and the aetiology of defective sperm function. Functionally, sperm capacitation is recognized as a redox-regulated process, wherein a low level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is intimately involved in driving such events as the stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation, the facilitation of cholesterol efflux and the promotion of cAMP generation. However, the continuous generation of ROS ultimately creates problems for spermatozoa because their unique physical architecture and unusual biochemical composition means that they are vulnerable to oxidative stress. As a consequence, they are heavily dependent on the antioxidant protection afforded by the fluids in the male and female reproductive tracts and, during the precarious process of insemination, seminal plasma. If this antioxidant protection should be compromised for any reason, then the spermatozoa experience pathological oxidative damage. In addition, situations may prevail that cause the spermatozoa to become exposed to high levels of ROS emanating either from other cells in the immediate vicinity (particularly neutrophils) or from the spermatozoa themselves. The environmental and lifestyle factors that promote ROS generation by the spermatozoa are reviewed in this article, as are the techniques that might be used in a diagnostic context to identify patients whose reproductive capacity is under oxidative threat. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of ROS-monitoring methodologies is critical if we are to effectively identify those patients for whom treatment with antioxidants might be considered a rational management strategy.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Protection by American Ginseng in Pancreatic ß-Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 981-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Lin ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Sangeeta Mehendale ◽  
Shi Sun ◽  
Chong-Zhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Ginsenoside Re ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose ◽  
Dichlorofluorescin Diacetate ◽  
High Concentrations

Hyperglycemia in diabetic conditions may cause oxidative stress in pancreatic ß-cells, leading to their dysfunction and insulin resistance within peripheral tissues. Previous studies suggest that American ginseng berry extract may have hypoglycemic effects, as well as offer antioxidant protection. We examined effects of American ginseng berry extract and ginsenoside Re in a pancreatic ß-cell line, MIN-6, to determine if these two properties are related. Cells were exposed to oxidative stress via hydrogen peroxide incubation and oxidative stress was measured by oxidation of 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. These cells showed a concentration-related response to hydrogen peroxide at 100–500 μM. In acute conditions where cells were treated with the extract for 10 min, we observed reduced oxidant injury suggesting direct scavenging effects. Chronic incubation of cells with the extract for 48 hours also demonstrated attenuation of oxidative stress. At high concentrations, Re showed a mild antioxidant effect in MIN-6 cells. Our insulin release observations also showed that the extract may help to increase insulin secretions from the cells. Our data suggest that the observed ability of ginseng to reduce blood glucose levels may be linked to its antioxidant effects on pancreatic ß-cells.

Antioxidant protection by β-selenoamines against thioacetamide-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. e21974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvio Terra Stefanello ◽  
Diane Duarte Hartmann ◽  
Guilherme Pires Amaral ◽  
Aline Alves Courtes ◽  
Martim T. B. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Protection

scholarly journals Parameters of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Protection in Men with Pathological Spermogram Variants

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Kurashova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Kudeyarova ◽  
Ekaterina O. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Peroxidation Processes

Background.Today infertile marriage is not only a serious medical, but also a socio-demographic and economic problem. Male factor contributes averagely to half of the cases of the disease in couples. Such factors as high levels of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress have been reported to compromise the process of spermatogenesis and sperm function in men. Oxidative stress is a significant risk factor for male infertility. A pro-oxidant testicular environment may alter the expression profile of functional sperm proteins and result in poor sperm quality.Aims.To study the characteristics of the intensity of the processes of lipoperoxidation and antioxidant status in the ejaculate of men with different variants of spermograms.Materials and methods.We examined 69 men with primary infertility and 155 fertile men. The content of lipid peroxidation components and antioxidant protection was determined by spectrophotometric method.Results.The results of the study in men with infertility and asthenozoospermia showed decreased total antioxidant activity of sperm by 50 % and α-tocopherol by 52 %, and in men with infertility and oligozoospermia, decreased total antioxidant activity of sperm by 47 % and α-tocopherol by 41 %.Conclusions.The analysis indicates a change in the parameters of the system of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system and confirms the development of oxidative stress in them. Depending on the pathological state of the ejaculate in men of reproductive age, lipid peroxidation processes have their own characteristics. In men with oligozoospermia, peroxidation processes occur more intensively. Activation of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system processes can be both a consequence and a cause of various metabolic changes in the human body.

scholarly journals Correction of oxidative stress in rat blood with magnesium citrate upon experimental diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
O. Shatynska ◽  
R. Iskra
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Magnesium Citrate ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Peroxidation Processes ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

The investigation of the influence of different concentrations of magnesium citrate (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) on the lipid peroxidation processes and the activity of the antioxidant system in red blood cell of rats with experimental diabetes was conducted. Diabetes was caused by the single introduction of a 5% solution of alloxan monohydrate. The activity of the enzymes of antioxidant protection, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and the content of reduced glutathione were studied in red blood cells. The increasing levels of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances against the backdrop of decreased activity of enzymes of antioxidant protection was observed in rats with experimental diabetes. Magnesium citrate, which for four weeks, together with drinking water was added to the diet of the animals, showed a positive normalizing effect. Particularly, the contents of LPO and TBARS declined, and activity of antioxidant systems of protection increased significantly. Our data shows that the magnesium citrate supplements can partly restore the antioxidant parameters and reduce oxidative stress in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and antioxidant protection in people of various age under contact with adverse occupational factors

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
I.A. Umnyagina ◽  
◽  
T.V. Blinova ◽  
L.A. Strakhova ◽  
V.V. Troshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Occupational Factors
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