First recordings of whole-brain neural activity of an unrestrained animal

Physics Today ◽  
2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Unrestrained Animal

scholarly journals Rapid whole brain imaging of neural activity in freely behaving larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Cong ◽  
Zeguan Wang ◽  
Yuming Chai ◽  
Wei Hang ◽  
Chunfeng Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Brain Dynamics ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Volume Imaging ◽  
Freely Behaving

AbstractThe internal brain dynamics that link sensation and action are arguably better studied during natural animal behaviors. Here we report on a novel volume imaging and 3D tracking technique that monitors whole brain neural activity in freely swimming larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). We demonstrated the capability of our system through functional imaging of neural activity during visually evoked and prey capture behaviors in larval zebrafish.

The effects of sleep on neurons in isolated cerebral cortex

1979 ◽  
Vol 206 (1164) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Geometric Standard Deviation ◽  
Neural Connections ◽  
Modal Interval ◽  
Isolated Cortex ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Intact Cortex ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Unrestrained Animal

Slabs of cat parietal cortex with some 2 mm of underlying white matter were surgically isolated from the rest of the nervous system, without interference with the superficial blood supply. Wire micro-recording electrodes were inserted into the isolated cortex; bone, muscle and skin wounds were repaired and the animal allowed to recover from anaesthesia. The adequacy of surgical isolation was examined histologically 8-12 weeks after operation. Only one of the six preparations reported here showed surviving neural connections with the rest of the brain. Soon after operation, spontaneous bursts of neural activity appeared within the isolated area. These became more frequent until neural dis­charge was continuous but irregular. Our records were made from this time onwards. The interval distributions obtained from neurons within the isolated area did not differ significantly from log-normal curves. When the unrestrained animal fell asleep, there was no significant alteration in the modal interval or geometric standard deviation of interval distributions recorded from cells in isolated cortex. The interval distributions of neurons in isolated cerebral cortex resembled those of neurons in the intact cortex of an alarmed animal. It is concluded that the reduction of modal interval that is shown by neurons in intact cortex when an animal falls asleep is probably due to the neural influence of infracortical structures.

scholarly journals Rapid whole brain imaging of neural activity in freely behaving larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Cong ◽  
Zeguan Wang ◽  
Yuming Chai ◽  
Wei Hang ◽  
Chunfeng Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Brain Dynamics ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Volume Imaging ◽  
Freely Behaving

The internal brain dynamics that link sensation and action are arguably better studied during natural animal behaviors. Here, we report on a novel volume imaging and 3D tracking technique that monitors whole brain neural activity in freely swimming larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). We demonstrated the capability of our system through functional imaging of neural activity during visually evoked and prey capture behaviors in larval zebrafish.

scholarly journals Speech categorization is better described by induced rather than evoked neural activity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Mahmud ◽  
Mohammed Yeasin ◽  
Gavin M. Bidelman
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Categorical Perception ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Speech Categorization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Band Activity

ABSTRACTCategorical perception (CP) describes how the human brain categorizes speech despite inherent acoustic variability. We examined neural correlates of CP in both evoked and induced EEG activity to evaluate which mode best describes the process of speech categorization. Using source reconstructed EEG, we used band-specific evoked and induced neural activity to build parameter optimized support vector machine (SVMs) model to assess how well listeners’ speech categorization could be decoded via whole-brain and hemisphere-specific responses. We found whole-brain evoked β-band activity decoded prototypical from ambiguous speech sounds with ~70% accuracy. However, induced γ-band oscillations showed better decoding of speech categories with ~95% accuracy compared to evoked β-band activity (~70% accuracy). Induced high frequency (γ-band) oscillations dominated CP decoding in the left hemisphere, whereas lower frequency (θ-band) dominated decoding in the right hemisphere. Moreover, feature selection identified 14 brain regions carrying induced activity and 22 regions of evoked activity that were most salient in describing category-level speech representations. Among the areas and neural regimes explored, we found that induced γ-band modulations were most strongly associated with listeners’ behavioral CP. Our data suggest that the category-level organization of speech is dominated by relatively high frequency induced brain rhythms.

scholarly journals Satiety, Thermosensation and Mechanosensation Regulate a Spontaneous C. elegans Sleep State

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Gonzales ◽  
Jasmine Zhou ◽  
Jacob T. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
External Environment ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Brain State ◽  
Behavioral State ◽  
Chemical Signaling ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
C Elegans

AbstractOne remarkable feature of the nervous system is its ability to rapidly and spontaneously switch between activity states. In the extreme example of sleep, animals arrest locomotion, reduce their sensitivity to sensory stimuli, and dramatically alter their neural activity. Small organisms are useful models to better understand these sudden changes in neural states because we can simultaneously observe whole-brain activity, monitor behavior and precisely regulate the external environment. Here, we show a spontaneous sleep-like behavior in C. elegans that is associated with a distinct global-brain state and regulated by both the animal’s internal physiological state and input from multiple sensory circuits. Specifically, we found that when confined in microfluidic chambers, adult worms spontaneously transition between periods of normal activity and short quiescent bouts, with behavioral state transitions occurring every few minutes. This quiescent state, which we call μSleep, meets the behavioral requirements of C. elegans sleep, is dependent on known sleep-promoting neurons ALA and RIS, and is associated with a global down-regulation of neural activity. Consistent with prior studies of C. elegans sleep, we found that μSleep is regulated by satiety and temperature. In addition, we show for the first time that quiescence can be either driven or suppressed by thermosensory input, and that animal restraint induces quiescence through mechanosensory pathways. Together, these results establish a rich model system for studying how neural and behavioral state transitions are influenced by multiple physiological and environmental conditions.Significance StatementUnique brain states govern animal behaviors like sleep and wakefulness; however, how the brain regulates these dramatic state transitions is not well understood. Brain activity can be influenced by a complex interaction between sensory circuits that monitor the external environment, neural circuits that control behavior, and internal chemical signaling. Here, we describe a platform to study behavioral states in a context that allows us to record whole-brain activity while controlling the environment and monitoring animal behavior. Specifically, we identify a pattern of sleep bouts in the roundworm C. elegans that occur when they are confined to microscopic fluidic chambers. This behavior platform provides a powerful system to study how neural circuits interact with chemical signaling to drive brain state transitions.

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