Physical fitness norms of upper body among army Reserve Officer Training Unit (ROTU)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohar Kassim ◽  
Shahrulfadly Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Officer Training ◽  
Army Reserve ◽  
Training Unit

Combatant socialization and norms of restraint: Examining officer training at the US Military Academy and Army ROTC

2021 ◽  
pp. 002234332110108
Author(s):  
Andrew Bell
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Officer Training ◽  
Military Academy ◽  
Army Reserve ◽  
Civilian Protection ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Reserve Officer Training Corps ◽  
Army Rotc

Can armed groups socialize combatants to norms of restraint – in essence, train soldiers to adopt norms of international humanitarian law on the battlefield? How can social scientists accurately measure such socialization? Despite being the central focus of organizational and ideational theories of conflict, studies to date have not engaged in systematic, survey-based examination of this central socialization mechanism theorized to influence military conduct. This study advances scholarly understanding by providing the first comparative, survey-based examination of combatant socialization to norms of restraint, using surveys and interviews with US Army cadets at the US Military Academy (USMA), Army Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC), and active duty Army combatants. Additionally, to better understand ‘restraint’ from combatants’ perspective, this study introduces the concept of the ‘combatant’s trilemma’ under which combatants conceptualize civilian protection as part of a costly trade-off with the values of military advantage and force protection. Survey results hold both positive and negative implications for socialization to law of war norms: military socialization can shift combatants’ preferences for battlefield conduct. However, intensive norm socialization may be required to shift combatants’ preferences from force protection to civilian protection norms. Study findings hold significant implications for understanding violence against civilians in conflict and for policies to disseminate civilian protection norms in armed groups worldwide.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Physical Fitness and Simulated Firefighting Task Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goris Nazari ◽  
Joy C. MacDermid ◽  
Kathryn E. Sinden ◽  
Tom J. Overend
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Completion Times

The overall aim of this study was to measure the physiological responses of firefighters from a single fire service during simulated functional firefighting tasks and to establish the relationship between physical fitness parameters and task performance. 46 males and 3 females firefighters were recruited. Firefighters’ aerobic capacity levels were estimated using the Modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test (mCAFT). Grip strength levels, as a measure of upper body strength levels, were assessed using a calibrated J-Tech dynamometer. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) protocol for the static floor lifting test was used to quantify lower body strength levels. Firefighters then performed two simulated tasks: a hose drag task and a stair climb with a high-rise pack tasks. Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) were calculated between firefighters’ physical fitness parameters and task completion times. Two separate multivariable enter regression analyses were carried out to determine the predictive abilities of age, sex, muscle strength, and resting heart rate on task completion times. Our results displayed that near maximal heart rates of ≥88% of heart rate maximum were recorded during the two tasks. Correlation (r) ranged from −0.30 to 0.20. For the hose drag task, cardiorespiratory fitness and right grip strength (kg) demonstrated the highest correlations of −0.30 and −0.25, respectively. In predicting hose drag completion times, age and right grip strength scores were shown to be the statistically significant (p<0.05) independent variables in our regression model. In predicting stair climb completion times, age and NIOSH scores were shown to be the statistically significant (p<0.05) independent variables in our regression model. In conclusion, the hose drag and stair climb tasks were identified as physiological demanding tasks. Age, sex, resting heart rate, and upper body/lower body strength levels had similar predictive values on hose drag and stair climb completion times.

scholarly journals Relationship between Firefighter Physical Fitness and Special Ability Performance: Predictive Research Based on Machine Learning Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7689
Author(s):  
Datao Xu ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Yao Meng ◽  
Bíró István ◽  
Yaodong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Muscular Power ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Health Parameters

Firefighters require a high level of physical fitness to meet the demands of their job. The correlations and contributions of individual physical health parameters to the tasks of firefighting would enable firefighters to focus on the effects of specific physical conditions during their physical training programs. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to identify the relationships between various physical health parameters (weight, maximum oxygen uptake, body fat percentage, upper body muscular power and lower body muscular power) and performance on simulated firefighting ability tasks, which included a set of seven tasks (rope climb, run 200 m round trip with load, 60 m carrying a ladder, climb stairs with load, evacuation of 400 m with supplies, run 5 km with an air respirator, run 100 m with the water hose). Through use of a partial least-squares regression (PLSR) algorithm to analyze the linear correlation, we revealed the change in various training performances of specific ability tests with physical fitness parameters. The present study demonstrated significant relationships among physical health parameters and performance on simulated firefighting ability tasks, which also represent that those parameters contributed significantly to the model’s predictive power and were suitable predictors of the simulated firefighting tasks score.

Associations of Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain With Physical Fitness in Childhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Konstantinos D. Tambalis ◽  
Stamatis Mourtakos ◽  
Labros S. Sidossis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Prepregnancy Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Upper Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength

Purpose: To investigate the potential associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (mppBMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with physical fitness in children. Methods: A random sample of 5125 children and their mothers was evaluated. The mothers provided data contained in their medical booklets and pregnancy ultrasound records. The data from 5 physical fitness tests (eg, 20-m shuttle run, 30-m sprint, vertical jump, standing long jump, and small ball throw) were used to assess children’s cardiorespiratory fitness, speed, explosive power, and lower and upper body strength, respectively. Results: MppBMI was inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (b = −0.02), lower body strength (b = −1.01), upper body strength (b = −0.07), and speed (b = 0.04). Also, GWG was unfavorably associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (b = −0.02), lower body strength (b = −1.12), upper body strength (b = −0.03), and speed (b = 0.03), after adjusting for sex, birth weight, and children’s BMI (all P values < .05). Children of mothers with an mppBMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and excess GWG had almost 30% and 20% increased odds for low performances in physical fitness tests than those of mothers with an mppBMI < 25 kg/m2 and adequate GWG, respectively. Conclusions: Antenatal factors such as increased mppBMI and excess GWG could play an unfavorable role in the future health of the offspring.

scholarly journals The Fitness Training Unit in U.S. Army Basic Combat Training: Physical Fitness, Training Outcomes, and Injuries

2001 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Knapik ◽  
Michelle Canham-Chervak ◽  
Edward Hoedebecke ◽  
William C. Hewitson ◽  
Keith Hauret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Outcomes ◽  
Combat Training ◽  
Basic Combat Training ◽  
Training Unit ◽  
Fitness Training

scholarly journals Functional fitness normative values for elderly polish population

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Ignasiak ◽  
Anna Sebastjan ◽  
Teresa Sławińska ◽  
Anna Skrzek ◽  
Wojciech Czarny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Effective Prevention

Abstract Background It’s really important to measure the actual functional physical fitness of elderly independent living persons from different environments to know the level and rate of decrease may inform about the threat of loss of functional independence, hence the need to monitor and assess the senior’s motor realm and adapt to it the appropriate programs and treatments in the care for the elderly person. Methods The study involved 5367 people (mean age 69,63 ± 7,06), including 4164 women (mean age 69,55 ± 7,11) and 1203 men (mean age 69,91 ± 6,86) aged 60 to 93 years old. We have measured basic anthropometric features and physical fitness (by using Senior Fitness Test). Results The average values in individual SFT tests significantly decrease along with age. After age of 80 and 85 there were no sex differences in SFT. The largest deficits concern the dynamic balance and the decrease reaches 69% in men and 62% in women A significantly higher rate of decline in aerobic capacity concerns men (43%) than women (36.9%). A clearly lower rate of loss occurs in the muscular strength of the lower and upper body and does not exceed 30%. Conclusions The results are of great clinical importance for the development of effective prevention and gerontological education programs in terms of promoting active lifestyle and successful ageing, at the same time limiting the economic consequences of treatment and hospitalisation.

scholarly journals Physical Fitness Status Among Female Reserve Officers Training Unit (ROTU).-The Pre-test.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohar Kassim ◽  
Norfazilawati Othman ◽  
Shahrulfadly Rustam ◽  
Edawaty Ujang
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Training Manual ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Training Unit ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The ROTU cadets are trained to become an officer who are always ready to defence and resilience the country from all threats. The fitness level of each female ROTU cadets can be measured more systematically and accurately by implementing the test batteries. The objective of this study is to measure the fitness level among the female ROTU cadets based on the seven test, secondly to produce the Fitness Training Manual for the female ROTU cadet and thirdly to build the physical norms based on the seven test battery among the female ROTU cadets in UPNM. The whole research will involve 3 phases, pre-test for basic data collection, (4 weeks), intervention (12 weeks) and post data collection (4 weeks). From the purposive sampling, 212 female ROTU cadets were selected as the sample of the study. The instruments for pre-data collection involved the 7 test batteries (2.4 km running, sit-up, push up, 30-meter sprint, 10-meter zigzag, sit and reach and stand long jump) and self-administered questionnaire for demographic characteristics. The results of the pre-test came out with the seven physical fitness norms among female PALAPES cadet based on their age (19, 20 & 21). In conclusion, this physical fitness norm helps in the classification of physical fitness among the female ROTU cadets in UPNM. In average, the pretest showed not more than than 30% of them have an excellent physical fitness. The results of this study and the Fitness Training Manual can be used as a reference for future scientific studies especially among ROTU cadets in Malaysia.Keywords: Norms, Physical fitness, test batteries, female, ROTU.

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