Study of elimination of emerging contaminants by adsorption using activated carbon of coconut (amoxicillin - penicillin - theobromine)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badr Bouhcain ◽  
Fouad El Mansouri ◽  
Jamal Brigui ◽  
Santiago Gutiérrez Ruiz ◽  
José Maria Quiroga Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Emerging Contaminants

scholarly journals Parabens Adsorption onto Activated Carbon: Relation with Chemical and Structural Properties

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Roxanna Moreno-Marenco ◽  
Liliana Giraldo ◽  
Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

Parabens (alkyl-p-hidroxybenzoates) are antimicrobial preservatives used in personal care products, classified as an endocrine disruptor, so they are considered emerging contaminants. A raw version of activated carbons obtained from African palm shell (Elaeis guineensis) modified chemically by impregnation with salts of CaCl2 (GC2), MgCl2 (GM2) and Cu(NO3)2 (GCu2) at 2% wt/v and carbonized in CO2 atmosphere at 1173 K was prepared. The process of adsorption of methyl (MePB) and ethylparaben (EtPB) from aqueous solution on the activated carbons at 18 °C was studied and related to the interactions between the adsorbate and the adsorbent, which can be quantified through the determination of immersion enthalpies in aqueous solutions of corresponding paraben, showing the lowest-value carbon GM2, which has a surface area of 608 m2 × g−1, while the highest values correspond to the activated carbon GCu2, with a surface area of 896 m2 × g−1 and the highest content of surface acid sites (0.42 mmol × g−1), such as lactonic and phenolic compounds, which indicates that the adsorbate–adsorbent interactions are favored by the presence of these, with interaction enthalpies that vary between 5.72 and 51.95 J × g−1 for MePB adsorption and 1.24 and 52.38 J × g−1 for EtPB adsorption showing that the process is endothermic.

scholarly journals Solketal Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Carbon and a Metal–Organic Framework as Adsorbents

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6852
Author(s):  
Leticia Santamaría ◽  
Sophia A. Korili ◽  
Antonio Gil
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Organic Framework

The worldwide rise in biodiesel production has generated an excess of glycerol, a byproduct of the process. One of the most interesting alternative uses of glycerol is the production of solketal, a bioadditive that can improve the properties of both diesel and gasoline fuels. Even with its promising future, not much research has been performed on its toxicity in aqueous environments. In this work, solketal adsorption has been tested with two different commercial adsorbents: an activated carbon (Hydrodarco 3000) and a metal–organic framework (MIL-53). Diclofenac and caffeine were also chosen as emerging contaminants for comparison purposes. The effect of various parameters, such as the adsorbent mass or initial concentration of pollutants, has been studied. Adsorption kinetics with a better fit to a pseudo-second-order model, intraparticle diffusion, and effective diffusion coefficient were studied as well. Various isotherm equation models were employed to study the equilibrium process. The results obtained indicate that activated carbon is more effective in removing solketal from aqueous solutions than the metal–organic framework.

scholarly journals The Effect of Heterogeneity on the Distribution and Treatment of PFAS in a Complex Geologic Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick McGregor ◽  
Leticia Benevenuto
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Fractured Rock ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Pump And Treat

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been identified as emerging contaminants of concern in the environment in a wide variety of media including groundwater. Typically, PFAS-impacted groundwater is extracted by pump and treat systems and treated using sorptive media such as activated carbon and ion exchange resin. Pump and treat systems are generally considered ineffective for the remediation of dissolved phase contaminants including PFAS but instead are considered applicable for plume containment. An alternative to pump and treat is in-situ treatment. The demonstrated use of in-situ treatment for PFAS-impacted groundwater is limited with only colloidal activated carbon (CAC) being shown to effectively attenuate PFAS over short and moderate time periods. Active research topics for the in-situ treatment of PFAS include the effect of heterogeneity on the distribution of the CAC, the lifespan of the CAC itself, the effect of competitive adsorption/absorption, and the effect of other geochemical conditions on the removal process. This study looked at the effect of heterogeneity on the distribution of CAC and subsequent treatment of PFAS at a site with a multiple aquifer system. The site’s geology varied from a silty sand to sand to fractured bedrock with all three units being impacted by PFAS and benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzene (E), and xylene (X). Parameters evaluated included the distribution of the CAC as well as the subsequent treatment of the PFAS and BTEX. Results of groundwater sampling indicated that the PFAS detected within the groundwater were treated effectively to below their respective reporting limits for the duration of the 1-year test in both the silty sand and sand aquifers. The PFAS in the fractured rock aquifer showed a different treatment profile with longer carbon chained PFAS being attenuated preferentially compared to the shorter carbon chained PFAS. These results suggest that competitive sorptive reactions were occurring on the CAC within the fractured rock. Analysis of the unconsolidated aquifer materials determined that direct push injection of the CAC was effective at delivering the CAC to the target injection zones with post-injection total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations increasing by up to three orders of magnitude compared to pre-injection TOC concentrations. Heterogeneity did have an impact on the CAC distribution with higher hydraulic conductivity zones receiving more CAC mass than lower hydraulic conductivity zones.

scholarly journals Comparative removal of emerging contaminants from aqueous solution by adsorption on an activated carbon

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (23) ◽  
pp. 3017-3030 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gil ◽  
N. Taoufik ◽  
A. M. García ◽  
S. A. Korili
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Emerging Contaminants

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Olive Pomace: Experimental Design, Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies in Nimesulide Adsorption

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6820
Author(s):  
Íris Nunes Raupp ◽  
Alaor Valério Filho ◽  
Aline Lemos Arim ◽  
Ana Rosa Costa Muniz ◽  
Gabriela Silveira da Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Charge Potential

The lack of adequate treatment for the removal of pollutants from domestic, hospital and industrial effluents has caused great environmental concern. Therefore, there is a need to develop materials that have the capacity to treat these effluents. This work aims to develop and characterize an activated charcoal from olive pomace, which is an agro-industrial residue, for adsorption of Nimesulide in liquid effluent and to evaluate the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium using experimental design. The raw material was oven dried at 105 °C for 24 h, ground, chemically activated in a ratio of 1:0.8:0.2 of olive pomace, zinc chloride and calcium hydroxide and thermally activated by pyrolysis in a reactor of stainless steel at 550 °C for 30 min. The activated carbon was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), density and zero charge potential analysis. The surface area obtained was 650.9 m2 g−1. The kinetic and isothermal mathematical models that best described the adsorption were PSO and Freundlich and the highest adsorption capacity obtained was 353.27 mg g−1. The results obtained showed the good performance of activated carbon produced from olive pomace as an adsorbent material and demonstrated great potential for removing emerging contaminants such as Nimesulide.

Modeling the adsorption of emerging contaminants on activated carbon: classical and quantum QSAR approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1543-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Ron Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Qsar Model ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
The Us ◽  
Qsar Models ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Quantum Qsar

The adsorption of 115 emerging contaminants, mainly organic chemicals identified by the US Environmental Protection Agency's 2009 Contaminant Candidate List 3, was ranked using two published classical quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models and a newly developed quantum QSAR model. Approximately 75% of the investigated contaminants were predicted to be cost-effectively treatable, with an activated carbon usage rate below 10 mg/L. A limited experimental validation campaign was carried out by rapid small-scale column testing (RSSCT) using Lake Ontario water for eight selected compounds: 17β-estradiol, ibuprofen, diazinon, sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, 4-nonylphenol diethoxalyate, azithromycin and tylosin, with the activated carbon adsorption of the latter three having never been previously reported. The experimental results were consistent with the quantum chemistry model rankings.

scholarly journals Comparison of sulfamethoxazole adsorption by activated carbon and biochar in seawater

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02065
Author(s):  
Wei Meng ◽  
Mengying Shao ◽  
Mei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Characteristics ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Coconut Shell Activated Carbon

Antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminants in marine environment, have posed serious threats to human health and ecological function. Biochar has been widely used in the remediation of multiple pollutants due to low cost and good adsorption characteristics. However, the adsorption characteristics of biochar for antibiotics in seawater are still unclear. Therefore, a coconut shell activated carbon (AC) and a sludge biochar produced at 700 °C (SB700) were selected to carry out batch adsorption experiments of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) under different adsorbent dosage and different initial concentration of SMX. These results showed that the maximum removal rate (R) of AC and SB700 was 99.9% and 97.9%, the maximum adsorption capacity (Qe) was 13.7 mg g-1 and 1.6 mg g-1, and the maximum adsorption coefficient (Kd) was 2142 L g-1 and 5.1 L g-1, respectively. Compared with SB700, AC showed the excellent performance in SMX adsorption. This study provided theoretical support and experimental basis for the development of highly efficient antibiotic adsorbents in marine ecosystem.

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