Mathematical intellectual algorithm for determining the fire hazard parameters of oil and oil refining products

FIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT AT OIL REFINING PLANTS BASED ON STOCHASTIC MODELING

Oil and Gas Business ◽

10.17122/ogbus-2021-6-23-36 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Aleksandr Yu. Bruslinovsky ◽

Gafur Kh. Samigullin

Keyword(s):

Stochastic Modeling ◽

Hazard Assessment ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Oil Refining

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APPLICATION OF JET MIXERS FORPREPARATION OF RAW MATERIALS FOR PRIMARY PROCESSING PLANTS OIL REFINING

National Association of Scientists ◽

10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2021.2.68.448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (68) ◽

pp. 37-41

Author(s):

A. Gumerov ◽

G. Sidorov ◽

R. Musaeva

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Oil And Gas Industry ◽

High Energy ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Repair Costs ◽

Ansys Cfx ◽

Processing Plants ◽

Propeller Blades

In the oil and gas industry, bottom sediments are deposited in reservoirs, which reduce the efficiency of oil refining. The optimal yield of light oil products during primary oil refining was considered. To achieve high energy efficiency, it is necessary to compound the oil in the tank using agitators. The available propeller agitators are considered, and their shortcomings are revealed. The disadvantages include: high repair costs, the presence of an electric motor that increases the fire hazard of production, the occurrence of axial loads as a result of rotation and clogging of impurities in the propeller blades. A jet mixer can compensate for the disadvantages of propeller agitators. The simulation was performed using the ANSYS CFX software package. Models have been developed for: cyclic mixing; mixing with a propeller agitator; mixing with a jet agitator. A strength calculation was performed with the ANSYS-Static Structural module with imported data from ANSYS CFX for the propeller and jet agitator. It is revealed that the jet mixer, with its simple design and operation in comparison with other compounding methods, allows to achieve better mixing and lower loads on the tank.

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Modern methods to reduce evaporation and ensure safety when storing petroleum products in tanks

Technology of technosphere safety ◽

10.25257/tts.2021.4.94.65-75 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 94 ◽

pp. 65-75

Author(s):

A. M. Kuzminskaya ◽

◽

M. V. Buzaeva ◽

O. V. Ageeva ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Petroleum Products ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Main Components ◽

Term Storage

Introduction. With long-term storage of gasoline in large-capacity tanks, the problem associated with their volatility becomes urgent. Evaporation of petroleum products and gasoline leads to a change in their physical and chemical properties, a decrease in the yield of light petroleum products during oil refining, and a deterioration in the performance characteristics of engines. In this regard, it becomes difficult to start engines, their reliability, fuel consumption increases and the service life is reduced. Lost light hydrocarbons pollute the environment and increase the fire hazard of enterprises. The aim of the work is to identify effective, inexpensive and safe methods for reducing the volatility of oil products, including gasoline, when stored in tanks. Research methods. A retrospective analysis of studies on the problems of reducing losses of petroleum products during their storage, transportation and use is carried out. Technical and organizational methods for reducing the evaporation of fuels and the use of chemical additives as an inexpensive and effective method for solving the problem of the volatility of gasolines are considered. The conclusion about the efficiency of using chemical additives to fuels to reduce volatility has been substantiated. Results and their discussion. Conclusions are made about the possibility of using surfactants as additives to reduce the evaporation of gasolines during long-term storage in tanks. The analysis of the main components and methods for the synthesis of surfactant compositions capable of creating a surfactant film at the liquid-atmosphere interface, which protects the liquid from evaporation. Conclusion. Reducing the volatility of gasoline with the use of inexpensive and effective additives introduced into the fuel in small quantities, not only reduces the explosion and fire hazard during storage in large tanks, reduces losses, but also prevents the negative impact on the environment from the ingress of low molecular hydrocarbons into it. Key words: volatility of petroleum products, losses during storage of gasoline, methods of reducing volatility, additives.

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The Golden Age in Russian Refining: Outcomes and Prospects

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2012-2-124-131 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 124-131

Author(s):

Yu. Astashov

Keyword(s):

Golden Age ◽

Oil Extraction ◽

The State ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Tax Reforms

The article considers the state of things in Russian oil refining. The options for its modernization are analyzed, as well as the effects of tax reforms in the sector. It is noted that current tax reforms mostly touch upon refining, not oil extraction, so one can expect further reforms in the sector and their impact on the industry.

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Tax maneuver in the oil industry: Provisional results and risks for further implementation

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2020-10-28-43 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 28-43

Author(s):

A. S. Kaukin ◽

E. М. Miller

Keyword(s):

Oil Industry ◽

Oil Products ◽

Oil Refining ◽

State Budget ◽

Tax Rate ◽

Oil Companies ◽

Reform Plan ◽

Alternative Variant ◽

Calculation Results ◽

The Cost

The paper analyzes the consequences of the abolition of the export duty on oil and oil products as a necessary step to stimulate energy efficiency of Russia’s economy and eliminate underdevelopment provoked by a long-term subsidizing of inefficient oil refining sector in Russia. The calculation results have shown that even taking into account several deviations from the planned scenarios of changing the parameters of tax regulation of the oil industry in 2014— 2019, the tax maneuver brought over 3.5 trillion rubles (in 2019 — 148 billion rubles) to the state budget in 2014—2017, mainly due to an increase in the base mineral extraction tax rate, and contributed to an increase in the depth of oil refining from 72% to 85%. In addition, the article analyzes possible risks associated with the current plan for reforming the taxation of the industry until 2024 and proposes an alternative that could level some of them. A comparative analysis of the effects of the tax maneuver under the current reform plan and the alternative variant suggests that the latter will allow to achieve a greater total budgetary effect in four years, reduce the cost of subsidizing domestic oil refining, increase the efficiency of Russian vertically integrated oil companies, and reduce the growth rate of oil products prices in the retail market.

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Теория гетерогенного катализа. Теория хемосорбции

10.32986/978-5-40-10-01-2001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Василий Садовников

Keyword(s):

Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽

Potential Energy ◽

Publishing House ◽

Cell Number ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Lateral Interaction ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Crystal Face ◽

Independent Particle ◽

The Face

This monograph is a continuation of the monograph by V.V. Sadovnikov. Lateral interaction. Moscow 2006. Publishing house "Anta-Eco", 2006. ISBN 5-9730-0017-6. In this work, the foundations of the theory of heterogeneous catalysis and the theory of chemisorption are more easily formulated. The book consists of two parts, closely related to each other. These are the theoretical foundations of heterogeneous catalysis and chemisorption. In the theory of heterogeneous catalysis, an experiment is described in detail, which must be carried out in order to isolate the stages of a catalytic reaction, to find the stoichiometry of each of the stages. This experiment is based on the need to obtain the exact value of the specific surface area of the catalyst, the number of centers at which the reaction proceeds, and the output curves of each of the reaction products. The procedures for obtaining this data are described in detail. Equations are proposed and solved that allow calculating the kinetic parameters of the nonequilibrium stage and the thermodynamic parameters of the equilibrium stage. The description of the quantitative theory of chemisorption is based on the description of the motion of an atom along a crystal face. The axioms on which this mathematics should be based are formulated, the mathematical apparatus of the theory is written and the most detailed instructions on how to use it are presented. The first axiom: an atom, moving along the surface, is present only in places with minima of potential energy. The second axiom: the face of an atom is divided into cells, and the position of the atom on the surface of the face is set by one parameter: the cell number. The third axiom: the atom interacts with the surrounding material bodies only at the points of minimum potential energy. The fourth axiom: the solution of the equations is a map of the arrangement of atoms on the surface. The fifth axiom: quantitative equations are based on the concept of a statistically independent particle. The formation energies of these particles and their concentration are calculated by the developed program. The program based on these axioms allows you to simulate and calculate the interaction energies of atoms on any crystal face. The monograph is intended for students, post-graduate students and researchers studying work and working in petrochemistry and oil refining.

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