Sunflower line breeding for resistance to broomrape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Gontcharov ◽  
Alexandra Baziz ◽  
Polina Orlova ◽  
Elvira Zelentskaya ◽  
Bogdan Paliev
Keyword(s):  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Sunflower Line ◽  
Line Breeding

Estimation of black and red currant varieties of VNIISPK breeding for resistance to powdery mildew

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
O. V. Kalinina ◽  
S. D. Knyzev ◽  
O. D. Golyaeva ◽  
O. V. Panfilova ◽  
A. Y. Bakhotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Red Currant

Influence of Stem Diameter on Oviposition Preference of the Alfalfa Weevil and Its Importance in Breeding for Resistance 1

Crop Science ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Norwood ◽  
D. K. Barnes ◽  
R. S. VanDenburgh ◽  
C. H. Hanson ◽  
C. C. Blickenstaff
Keyword(s):  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Alfalfa Weevil ◽  
Breeding For Resistance

Breeding for Resistance in Maize to First and Second Broods of the European Corn Borer 1

Crop Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Russell ◽  
W. D. Guthrie ◽  
R. L. Grindeland
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Breeding For Resistance

Inheritance of resistance to broomrape race G in F of а sunflower line RGM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (82) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Saida Guchetl ◽  
◽  
Tatiana Antonova ◽  
Nina Araslanova ◽  
Tatyana Chelyustnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Sunflower Line

Breeding for resistance to begomovirus in tropic-adapted tomato genotypes

2004 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Gomez ◽  
M. Pinon ◽  
Y. Martinez ◽  
M. Quinones ◽  
D. Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

Foliar and cortical monoterpenes in Sitka spruce: potential indicators of resistance to the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi Peck (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 740-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Brooks ◽  
J. H. Borden ◽  
H. D. Pierce Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
River Valley ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Relative Composition ◽  
White Pine Weevil

To determine whether a resistant chemotype to the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi Peck, could be identified, the relative composition of monoterpenes in weevil-susceptible Sitka spruce, Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carr., was compared to that in apparently resistant trees. Foliar and cortical analysis of trees from Green Timbers Nursery in Surrey, Nootka Island, Sayward, and the Nass River Valley, B.C., revealed significant differences between 38 resistant and 60 susceptible trees. The foliage of resistant trees, compared with that of susceptible trees, had significantly lower amounts of isoamyl isovalerate at three sites and lower amounts of isopentenyl isovalerate at one site. Amounts of a α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, and camphor were significantly higher in some resistant trees, but these differences were not consistent between sites. Myrcene, β-phellandrene, and limonene levels were much higher in the cortex of susceptible trees than the resistant trees from the Nass River and Green Timbers Nursery. Thus none of the monoterpenes, singly or in combination, is a consistent indicator of resistance to the white pine weevil. The two isovalerates could possibly be used as indicators of resistance. However, a broader spectrum of resistance characteristics should be employed if breeding for resistance is desired.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis in support of maintaining a healthy traditional Siamese cat population

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur M. A. Pistorius ◽  
Ineke Blokker
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
A Value ◽  
Siamese Cat ◽  
Line Breeding

Abstract Background For many years, breeders of companion animals have applied inbreeding or line breeding to transfer desirable genetic traits from parents to their offspring. Simultaneously, this resulted in a considerable spread of hereditary diseases and phenomena associated with inbreeding depression. Results Our cluster analysis of kinship and inbreeding coefficients suggests that the Thai or traditional Siamese cat could be considered as a subpopulation of the Siamese cat, which shares common ancestors, although they are considered as separate breeds. In addition, model-based cluster analysis could detect regional differences between Thai subpopulations. We show that by applying optimal contribution selection and simultaneously limiting the contributions by other breeds, the genetic diversity within subpopulations can be improved. Conclusion In principle, the European mainland Thai cat population can achieve a genetic diversity of about 26 founder genome equivalents, a value that could potentially sustain a genetically diverse population. However, reaching such a target will be difficult in the absence of a supervised breeding program. Suboptimal solutions can be obtained by minimisation of kinships within regional subpopulations. Exchanging animals between different regions on a small scale might be already quite useful to reduce the kinship, by achieving a potential diversity of 23 founder genome equivalents. However, contributions by other breeds should be minimised to preserve the original Siamese gene pool.

The importance of breeding along the lines cattle of dairy breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
N. A. Popov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Foreign Gene ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
Herd Milk ◽  
Isolation Systems

The aspects of reasonableness in developing the line breeding strategy at the current status stage of dairy breeds and its significance as a factor for genetic variability have been reported. The value for milk production of the first-calf heifers within the line-bred pedigree Red-and-White cattle is estimated. Particular characteristics of the progeny produced from mating in the inbred and crossbred lines are recorded. The lower trait variability of traits was found with selecting within the crossbred lines than that in the inbred lines. Thus, the variables for the milk yield, the mass fraction of fat (MFF) in milk, and the mass fraction of protein (MFP) were less by 4–13% of the mean square deviation, 11,3–20,6%, and 14,3%, respectively. Livestock breed differentiation between the breeding lines was previously executed with the artificial elements of isolation systems. At present, the breeds widely distributed in the Russian Federation are usually “improved” with the use of Holsteins. Therefore, their genealogy and breeding structures depend on the foreign gene pool. Selection strategies for the improvement of milkability traits were implemented along with selection of bull sires capable of improving the conformation. In addition, certain herd bulls were used repeatadly. The variables for genetic values for milkability traits, which changed over time, were monitored. The herd milk production within the lines over a generation increased by 624–786 kg milk (P<0,001), while the MFF deacresed by 0,18–0,25% (P<0,001). Depending on the types of breeding, the differences in the milk yields and the MFF of the first-calf heifers between the lines comprised 178–444 kg (P<0,001) and +0.01%, respectively. However, a statistically significant difference between the lines was recorded only for the MFP, which comprised 0,03% (P<0,001).

Productive and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers of different origin under the conditions in LLC “Green lines – Kaluga”

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
N. M. Kostomakhin ◽  
T. N. Pimkina ◽  
O. A. Voronkova ◽  
M. A. Gabedava ◽  
E. G. Cheremukha
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Linear Selection ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
Different Origin

Dairy cattle breeding have always occupied and will continue to occupy one of the leading places in the agro-industrial complex in our country. The most eff ective method of improving existing breeds according to opinion of a number of scientists is selection in line breeding. At the same time the evaluation of breeding sires by the quality of offspring is the cornerstone of breeding work. The purpose of the research was to analyze the influence of breeding sires, as well as their linear affiliation on the economically useful characteristics of first-calf heifers under specific conditions of maintenance and use. An analysis of the milk productivity and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers of different origin by sires and different line belonging has been presented in the article. The results of intra-linear selection and crosses of genealogical lines and their influence on the productive and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers have been evaluated. The research was carried out in LLC “Green Lines-Kaluga” of the Kaluga region. It has been established that for fixing in the genotype of the offspring of plentiful milk and fat milk in purebred breeding, it is necessary to use the following sires: Aragon 2102, Tabor 1292, Lira 2047, Phlox 1448, Chudny 1167, Yalik 397, Tabun 1277, as well as intra-linear selection in the line of Montwick Chieftain 9567929 and crosses of lines in combinations: Siling Traijun Rocket 252803 – Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 – Siling Traijun Rocket 252803. In order to reduce the age of the first insemination of maternal stock we recommend using a combination of lines: Wes Ideal 933122 – Montwick Chieftain 9567929, Wes Ideal 933122 – Reflection Sovereign 198998, Montwick Chieftain 9567929 – Wes Ideal 933122, Montwick Chieftain 9567929 – Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Siling Trijun Rocket 252803 – Wes Ideal 933122.

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