The annealing effect on the nuclear tracks and the light transmittance for CN-85 detector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Entethar Jamil Ramadhan ◽  
Hassan M. Jaber AL-Ta’ii
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Effect ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Nuclear Tracks

Investigation of Annealing Effect on Optoelectronic Performance of Active Layer in Poly Organic Solar Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Chuan Kun Wang ◽  
Heng Ma ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Xiu Gong ◽  
Chen Xi Li
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Organic Solar Cell ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Annealing Effect ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Acid Methyl

This paper reports mainly a work of the influence of annealing on the solar cell which the active layer is made from poly (3-hexylthiophene) and [6,-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester. XRD analysis of the active layer indicates that the layer annealing can improve the film crystallization. With the reducing of light reflection rate, the light transmittance rate improves due to the annealing treatment of the active layer. Comparing in various annealing temperature, it is found that a better result can be obtained when the annealing temperature is 140 °C. At this annealing temperature, the organic solar cell brings out relatively high conversion efficiency in the experiment.

The Annealing Effect of Spin-Valve-Like Ferromagnetic Tunnel Junction

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1_2) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kikuchi ◽  
K. Kobayashi ◽  
M. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Tunnel Junction ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
Annealing Effect

Flocculation of Waste Waters from Petroleum Refineries

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 302-314
Author(s):  
André Hade ◽  
Acher Elcabetz
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Critical Coagulation Concentration ◽  
Mobility Rate ◽  
Anionic Polymers ◽  
Petroleum Refineries ◽  
Binary Suspension

Abstract Waste waters from petroleum refineries can be considered as a ternary-like system, the components of which have been characterized. They are: the alkaline liquor, the hydrocarbon rich oil in suspension and the silica rich solid also in suspension. The parameters controlling the destabilization and the flocculation of these suspensions have been studied by light transmittance and electrophoretic mobility. Rate of flocculation, critical coagulation concentration (CCC) , critical restabilization concentration and optimum flocculation conditions have been determined for different combinations of added polyelectrolytes and/or simple electrolytes. Among eleven different polyelectrolytes, four of the cationic type were selected for their property to flocculate the suspension. It has been shown that an excess of polyelectrolyte brings about the restabilization of the particules. No flocculation has been observed for any of the anionic polymers tested. Simple electrolytes are found to obey the Schulze-Hardy rule in their flocculation capacity. Various combinations of a polyelectrolyte with a simple salt lead to a lower CCC together with a broader concentration range between destabilization and restabilization. It is concluded that this binary suspension behaved essentially like a classical lyophobic sol.

Imaging NMDA- and kainate-induced intrinsic optical signals from the hippocampal slice

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 2707-2717 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Andrew ◽  
J. R. Adams ◽  
T. M. Polischuk
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Hippocampal Slice ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Stratum Radiatum ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Tissue Resistance

1. Brain ischemia causes excess release and accumulation of glutamate that binds to postsynaptic receptors. This opens ionotropic channels that mediate neuronal depolarization and ionic fluxes that can lead to neuronal death. 2. The CA1 pyramidal cell region of the hippocampus is particularly susceptible to this neurotoxic process. Brain cell swelling is considered an early excitotoxic event, but remains poorly under stood and documented. As cells swell, light transmittance (LT) increases through brain tissue, so we hypothesized that brief exposure to glutamate agonists would elicit cell swelling that could be imaged in real time in the hippocampal slice. 3. A 1-min bath application of 100 microM N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or 100 microM kainate at 22 degrees C greatly increased LT, particularly in the dendritic regions of CA1. The response peaked by 2-3 min and slowly reversed over the subsequent 20 min following exposure. Peak LT increases were > 50% in CA1 stratum radiatum and > 20% in both CA1 stratum oriens and the dendritic region of the dentate gyrus, all areas with a high concentration of NMDA and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors. The CA3 stratum radiatum, which contains fewer of these receptors, showed a comparatively small LT increase. 4. The NMDA receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (AP-5) [but not 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX)] blocked the CA1 response to NMDA, whereas the non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX (but not AP-5) blocked the response to kainate. The relative tissue resistance measured across CA1 stratum radiatum increased after NMDA or kainate exposure with a time course similar to the LT change described above. The increase in relative tissue resistance was blocked by kynurenate, a nonspecific glutamate antagonist. Increases in both LT and tissue resistance provide two independent lines of evidence that cell swelling rapidly developed in CA1 dendritic areas after activation of NMDA or AMPA receptors. 5. This swelling at 22 degrees C was accompanied by a temporary loss of the evoked CA1 field potential. However, at 37 degrees C the dendritic swelling rapidly progressed to an irreversible LT increase (swelling) of the CA1 cell bodies accompanied by a permanent loss of the evoked field. 6. We propose that dendritic swelling mediated by NMDA and AMPA receptors is an early excitotoxic event that can herald permanent damage to CA1 neurons, those cells most vulnerable to ischemic insult.

An electrically light-transmittance-switchable film with a low driving voltage based on liquid crystal/polymer composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxin Li ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
Lanying Zhang ◽  
Wenbo Shen ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Liquid Crystal Polymer ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Crystal Polymer
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document