scholarly journals Effect of operating conditions on the flux recovery of lithium from geothermal brine using forward osmosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pra C. B. W. Mustika ◽  
Sutijan Sutijan ◽  
Himawan T. B. M. Petrus
Keyword(s):  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Geothermal Brine

scholarly journals Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of the Forward Osmosis Process to Predict Membrane Flux Using a Novel Combination of Neural Network and Response Surface Methodology Techniques

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Jasir Jawad ◽  
Alaa H. Hawari ◽  
Syed Javaid Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Rsm Model

The forward osmosis (FO) process is an emerging technology that has been considered as an alternative to desalination due to its low energy consumption and less severe reversible fouling. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and response surface methodology (RSM) have become popular for the modeling and optimization of membrane processes. RSM requires the data on a specific experimental design whereas ANN does not. In this work, a combined ANN-RSM approach is presented to predict and optimize the membrane flux for the FO process. The ANN model, developed based on an experimental study, is used to predict the membrane flux for the experimental design in order to create the RSM model for optimization. A Box–Behnken design (BBD) is used to develop a response surface design where the ANN model evaluates the responses. The input variables were osmotic pressure difference, feed solution (FS) velocity, draw solution (DS) velocity, FS temperature, and DS temperature. The R2 obtained for the developed ANN and RSM model are 0.98036 and 0.9408, respectively. The weights of the ANN model and the response surface plots were used to optimize and study the influence of the operating conditions on the membrane flux.

scholarly journals Effects of tannic acid on membrane fouling and membrane cleaning in forward osmosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 3160-3170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanzhu Zhang ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Bingzhi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Cleaning Methods

Abstract The fouling behavior during forward osmosis (FO) was investigated. Tannic acid was used as a model organic foulant for natural organic matter analysis since the main characteristics are similar, and calcium ions were added at different concentrations to explore the anti-pollution capability of FO membranes. The initial permeate flux and calcium ions strength were varied in different operating conditions to describe membrane fouling with membrane cleaning methods. The observed flux decline in FO changed dramatically with the type of foulant and the type of draw solution used to provide the osmotic driving force. Calcium ions aggravated membrane fouling and decreased transmembrane flux. Membrane cleaning methods included physical and physicochemical approaches, and there was no obvious difference among the typical cleaning methods (i.e., membrane flushing with different types of cleaning fluids at various crossflow velocities and backwashing with varying osmotic driving forces) with respect to flux recovery. Ultrasonic cleaning damaged the membrane structure and decreased permeate flux, and reverse diffusion of salt from the draw solution to the feed side accelerated after cleaning.

Effects of operating conditions and membrane structures on the performance of hollow fiber forward osmosis membranes in pressure assisted osmosis

Desalination ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Shibuya ◽  
Masahiro Yasukawa ◽  
Tomoki Takahashi ◽  
Taro Miyoshi ◽  
Mitsuru Higa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Membrane Structures

scholarly journals Forward osmosis (FO)-reverse osmosis (RO) hybrid process incorporated with hollow fiber FO

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-J. Im ◽  
S. Jeong ◽  
A. Jang
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Seawater Reverse Osmosis ◽  
High Energy Consumption

AbstractCurrently, desalination is limited by high energy consumption and high operational and maintenance costs. In this study, a new concept of a hollow fiber forward osmosis (HFFO)-based infinity desalination process with minor environmental impacts (free-energy intake and no pretreatment or brine discharge) is suggested. To evaluate the concept, an element-scale HFFO was conducted in both conventional FO and pressure-assisted FO modes, simulating a submerged HFFO operation. In the HFFO test, the impacts of several operating conditions on the performance of the HFFO were investigated to select the best case. Based on these results, the energy costs were calculated and compared with those of a hybrid FO–seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) process. The HFFO showed a high dilution rate of the draw solution (up to approximately 400%), allowing the downstream SWRO process to operate at 25 bar with the same permeate volume production (recovery rate of 60%). Consequently, the HFFO-based infinity desalination process has an annual energy revenue of 183.83 million USD, compared with a stand-alone two-stage RO process based on a 100,000 m3/day plant.

Synthesis of thin-film composite forward osmosis membranes for removing organic micro-pollutants from aqueous solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1160-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Saeedi-Jurkuyeh ◽  
Ahmad Jonidi Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Salt Flux ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Layer ◽  
Micro Pollutants

Abstract In this study, a thin-film composite (TFC) forward osmosis membrane was synthesized and characterized with various concentrations (15%, 16%, 17% and 18%) of polysulfone for the removal of two organic micro-pollutants, namely phenol and benzene from the aqueous solutions. Synthesis of a thin-film composite membrane with a support layer carried out by dissolving an amount of polysulfone polymer and polyvinyl pyrrolidone in N-methyl,2-pyrrolidone via phase inversion process and a thin-film layer of the polyamide M-phenylenediamine (MPD) and 1,3,5-benzene trichloride by interfacial polymerization reaction for the fabrication of the TFC were examined. Water flux and reverse salt flux decreased with increasing the concentration of polysulfone polymer. The composite membranes with polysulfone at 16% and 17% had even higher efficiencies. Also, by increasing the concentration of the draw solution, further phenol and benzene could be removed. The highest rejection rates of phenol (polar) and benzene (nonpolar) were found to be 79% and 90%, respectively. The results showed the capability of the thin-film composite forward osmosis (TFC-FO) membranes for removing organic micro-pollutants from the aqueous solutions under different operating conditions, with the efficiency of removing nonpolar compounds being higher.

Impacts of different draw solutions on a novel anaerobic forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (AnFOMBR)

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2036-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin Kai Yin Tang ◽  
How Yong Ng
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Anaerobic Consortium ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Two anaerobic forward osmosis (FO) membrane bioreactors (AnFOMBRs), Rchloride and Rsulfate, were operated for 100 days using NaCl and Na2SO4 as the draw solution, respectively. The operating conditions were identical for both systems, with a solids retention time of 30 d, hydraulic retention time of 8 h and using cellulose triacetate FO membrane. High rejection performance of FO membranes resulted in salinity accumulation in the bioreactors. Rchloride and Rsulfate reached a stable conductivity of about 35 and 11 mS/cm, respectively, at the end of the experimental run. Hypersalinity of Rchloride undesirably impacted biological growth; mixed liquor volatile suspended solids in Rchloride was much lower at 376 mg/L, whereas that of Rsulfate was 1,170 mg/L. Organic removals were excellent due to reduced organic loadings at low fluxes and thus, Rsulfate and Rchloride achieved secondary total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiencies of at least 75%. Both AnFOMBRs started with an initial flux of 5 LMH. Flux for Rchloride stabilized at 0.25 LMH, while Rsulfate at 0.96 LMH. The high salinities of both reactors negatively impacted methanogenic growth. Application of the fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) technique confirmed the ousting of methanogens by sulfate reducing bacteria from the anaerobic consortium. Sparsely located methanogens were detected in Rchloride but none were detected in Rsulfate.

Forward osmosis system analysis for optimum design and operating conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 429-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Muztuza Ali ◽  
Jung Eun Kim ◽  
Sherub Phuntsho ◽  
Am Jang ◽  
Joon Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Design ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Operating Conditions
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