In situ evaluation of plasmonic enhancement of gold tips for plasmon-enhanced imaging techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 053004
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Andreas Ruediger
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Plasmonic Enhancement ◽  
Enhanced Imaging

Coherent electron nanodiffraction from clean silver nano particles in a UHV STEM

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1058-1059
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
M. Pan ◽  
G. E. Spinnler
Keyword(s):  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Shape Structure ◽  
Dynamical Simulations ◽  
Small Metal Particles ◽  
Extract Information

Small metal particles have peculiar chemical and physical properties as compared to bulk materials. They are especially important in catalysis since metal particles are common constituents of supported catalysts. The structural characterization of small particles is of primary importance for the understanding of structure-catalytic activity relationships. The shape and size of metal particles larger than approximately 5 nm in diameter can be determined by several imaging techniques. It is difficult, however, to deduce the shape of smaller metal particles. Coherent electron nanodiffraction (CEND) patterns from nano particles contain information about the particle size, shape, structure and defects etc. As part of an on-going program of STEM characterization of supported catalysts we report some preliminary results of CEND study of Ag nano particles, deposited in situ in a UHV STEM instrument, and compare the experimental results with full dynamical simulations in order to extract information about the shape of Ag nano particles.

scholarly journals Development of a Field Deployable Firebrand Flux and Condition Measurement System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Zen ◽  
Jan C. Thomas ◽  
Eric V. Mueller ◽  
Bhisham Dhurandher ◽  
Michael Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Time History ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Particle Characterization ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
History Of

AbstractA new instrument to quantify firebrand dynamics during fires with particular focus on those associated with the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) has been developed. During WUI fires, firebrands can ignite spot fires, which can rapidly increase the rate of spread (ROS) of the fire, provide a mechanism by which the fire can pass over firebreaks and are the leading cause of structure ignitions. Despite this key role in driving wildfire dynamics and hazards, difficulties in collecting firebrands in the field and preserving their physical condition (e.g. dimensions and temperature) have limited the development of knowledge of firebrand dynamics. In this work we present a new, field-deployable diagnostic tool, an emberometer, designed to provide measurement of firebrand fluxes and information on both the geometry and the thermal conditions of firebrands immediately before deposition by combining a visual and infrared camera. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to calibrate and validate the developed imaging techniques. The emberometer was then deployed in the field to explore firebrand fluxes and particle conditions for a range of fire intensities in natural pine forest environments. In addition to firebrand particle characterization, field observations with the emberometer enabled detailed time history of deposition (i.e. firebrand flux) relative to concurrent in situ fire behaviour observations. We highlight that deposition was characterised by intense, short duration “showers” that can be reasonably associated to spikes in the average fire line intensity. The results presented illustrate the potential use of an emberometer in studying firebrand and spot fire dynamics.

scholarly journals Selected In Situ Hybridization Methods: Principles and Application

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3874
Author(s):  
Dominika Veselinyová ◽  
Jana Mašlanková ◽  
Katarina Kalinová ◽  
Helena Mičková ◽  
Mária Mareková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
The Individual

We are experiencing rapid progress in all types of imaging techniques used in the detection of various numbers and types of mutation. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the primary technique for the discovery of mutation agents, which are presented in a variety of cells. The ability of DNA to complementary bind is one of the main principles in every method used in ISH. From the first use of in situ techniques, scientists paid attention to the improvement of the probe design and detection, to enhance the fluorescent signal intensity and inhibition of cross-hybrid presence. This article discusses the individual types and modifications, and is focused on explaining the principles and limitations of ISH division on different types of probes. The article describes a design of probes for individual types of in situ hybridization (ISH), as well as the gradual combination of several laboratory procedures to achieve the highest possible sensitivity and to prevent undesirable events accompanying hybridization. The article also informs about applications of the methodology, in practice and in research, to detect cell to cell communication and principles of gene silencing, process of oncogenesis, and many other unknown processes taking place in organisms at the DNA/RNA level.

scholarly journals Development of an in-situ SEOP 3 He Neutron Spin Filter for Magnetic Imaging Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hayashida ◽  
K. Hiroi ◽  
T. Oku ◽  
H. Kira ◽  
K. Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Neutron Spin ◽  
Spin Filter ◽  
Magnetic Imaging

scholarly journals REVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF DETECTION OF NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 796-803
Author(s):  
Ivan Vladanov ◽  
Alexei Plesacov ◽  
Vitalii Ghicavii
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Narrow Band Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Photodynamic Diagnosis ◽  
White Light Cystoscopy ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
The One

Recently white light cystoscopy (WLC) is the standard method for detection of urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Regarding the problem that on the one hand the sensitivity of WLC is not high enough, and on the other hand it can miss small ‘satellite’ tumors or carcinoma in situ (CIS), other techniques are used. Such techniques are the new imaging by photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and narrow band imaging (NBI). The both techniques allow very accurate bladder cancer visualization. It is obviously very important to improve diagnostic accuracy and as consequence it increases the quality of resection. Regarding the meta-analysis of several studies, it can be concluded that the new imaging techniques should be applied for a more precise diagnostic, comparing with WLC. Further results of multicentric meta-analysis between these two techniques will stabilize their advantages for concrete clinical indications.

In-Situ/Operando Synchrotron X-ray Imaging Techniques for Energy-Related Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-247
Author(s):  
Lei Du ◽  
Nan Sun ◽  
Yajie Song ◽  
Hanwen An ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

scholarly journals X-ray Based in Situ Investigation of Silicon Growth Mechanism Dynamics—Application to Grain and Defect Formation

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadjer Ouaddah ◽  
Maike Becker ◽  
Thècle Riberi-Béridot ◽  
Maria Tsoutsouva ◽  
Vasiliki Stamelou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Original System ◽  
Bragg Diffraction ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Investigation

To control the final grain structure and the density of structural crystalline defects in silicon (Si) ingots is still a main issue for Si used in photovoltaic solar cells. It concerns both innovative and conventional fabrication processes. Due to the dynamic essence of the phenomena and to the coupling of mechanisms at different scales, the post-mortem study of the solidified ingots gives limited results. In the past years, we developed an original system named GaTSBI for Growth at high Temperature observed by Synchrotron Beam Imaging, to investigate in situ the mechanisms involved during solidification. X-ray radiography and X-ray Bragg diffraction imaging (topography) are combined and implemented together with the running of a high temperature (up to 2073 K) solidification furnace. The experiments are conducted at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). Both imaging techniques provide in situ and real time information during growth on the morphology and kinetics of the solid/liquid (S/L) interface, as well as on the deformation of the crystal structure and on the dynamics of structural defects including dislocations. Essential features of twinning, grain nucleation, competition, strain building, and dislocations during Si solidification are characterized and allow a deeper understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of its growth.

scholarly journals Surface Morphology of Cometary Nuclei

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 761-767
Author(s):  
D. Möhlmann ◽  
E. Kührt
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cometary Nucleus ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Cometary Nuclei ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
New Information ◽  
Consistent Model ◽  
Topological Surface ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract.The first in situ observations of a cometary nucleus by imaging techniques on board the VEGA and Giotto spacecraft in 1986 opened the possibility of directly studying the properties and structures of a cometary surface. This new information, combined with results from other experiments made by these spacecraft and with results from laboratory experiments and Earth-bound radar observations, gave a better basis for coming from speculation to more precise knowledge in describing properties of cometary surfaces and related activity. It is the aim of this paper to discuss the different views developed to understand properties of cometary surfaces and to propose a consistent model for understanding topological surface properties and related cometary activity. We accomplish this by extending former hypotheses and approaches and making them more precise in the light of the new and more complex data.

scholarly journals Multiscale approach reveals that Cloudina aggregates are detritus and not in situ reef constructions

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. E2519-E2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Mehra ◽  
Adam Maloof
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Multiscale Approach ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
3D Reconstructions ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Globally Distributed

The earliest metazoans capable of biomineralization appeared during the late Ediacaran Period (635–541 Ma) in strata associated with shallow water microbial reefs. It has been suggested that some Ediacaran microbial reefs were dominated (and possibly built) by an abundant and globally distributed tubular organism known as Cloudina. If true, this interpretation implies that metazoan framework reef building—a complex behavior that is responsible for some of the largest bioconstructions and most diverse environments in modern oceans—emerged much earlier than previously thought. Here, we present 3D reconstructions of Cloudina populations, produced using an automated serial grinding and imaging system coupled with a recently developed neural network image classifier. Our reconstructions show that Cloudina aggregates are composed of transported remains while detailed field observations demonstrate that the studied reef outcrops contain only detrital Cloudina buildups, suggesting that Cloudina played a minor role in Ediacaran reef systems. These techniques have wide applicability to problems that require 3D reconstructions where physical separation is impossible and a lack of density contrast precludes tomographic imaging techniques.

scholarly journals In Situ and Real Time Investigation of Directional Solidification of Al - Ni Alloys by Synchrotron Imaging

2006 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Reinhart ◽  
Henri Nguyen-Thi ◽  
J. Gastaldi ◽  
Bernard Billia ◽  
Nathalie Mangelinck-Noël ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Ni Alloys ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Synchrotron Imaging ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Real Time Observation ◽  
Selection Of

Solidification is a dynamic phenomena and, as a consequence, it is of major interest to be able to investigate this process by in situ and real time observation. With synchrotron sources, this can be achieved by applying X-ray Imaging techniques (Radiography and Topography). Hence it is possible to follow the dynamical selection of solidification pattern on metallic alloys and to observe strain effects during growth process. In this paper, we present results obtained by using separately the two imaging techniques for the study of the microstructure formation during Al – Ni alloys solidification.

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