Elastic response of wire frame glasses. II. Three-dimensional systems

The present study is concerned with the numerical simulation of Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) on a deformable three-dimensional hydrofoil in a turbulent flow. The aim of this work is to develop a strongly coupled two-way fluid-structure interaction methodology with a sufficiently high spatial accuracy to examine the effect of turbulent and cavitating flow on the hydroelastic response of a flexible hydrofoil. A 3-D cantilevered hydrofoil with two degrees-of-freedom is considered to simulate the plunging and pitching motion at the foil tip due to bending and twisting deformation. The defined problem is numerically investigated by coupled Finite Volume Method (FVM) and Finite Element Method (FEM) under a two-way coupling method. In order to find a better understanding of the dynamic FSI response and stability of flexible lifting bodies, the fluid flow is modeled in the different turbulence models and cavitation conditions. The flow-induced deformation and elastic response of both rigid and flexible hydrofoils at various angles of attack are studied. The effect of three-dimension body, pressure coefficient at different locations of the hydrofoil, leading-edge and trailing-edge deformation are presented and the results show that because of elastic deformation, the angle of attack increases and it lead to higher lift and drag coefficients. In addition, the deformations are generally limited by stall condition and because of unsteady vortex shedding, the post-stall condition should be considered in FSI simulation of deformable hydrofoil. To evaluate the accuracy of the numerical model, the present results are compared and validated against published experimental data and showed good agreement.

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THE INFLUENCE OF OXYGEN-CONTAINING FUNCTIONAL GROUPS ON THE SURFACE BEHAVIOR AND ROUGHNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAPHENE OXIDE

NANO ◽

10.1142/s1793292013500458 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 08 (04) ◽

pp. 1350045 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

AHMAD ALLAHBAKHSH ◽

FARHAD SHARIF ◽

SAEEDEH MAZINANI

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Diffraction Method ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Wire Frame ◽

Stick Model ◽

The Individual ◽

Graphene Oxide Sheets

The effects of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface roughness of graphene oxide are thoroughly studied using three-dimensional atomic force microscopy images, ball-and-stick model and wire-frame view results. Moreover, X-ray diffraction method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are employed for characterizing the structural and chemical behavior of graphene oxide, respectively. Graphene oxide sheets show a clear concavity on one side when the aggregation of functional groups increased on the other side. This behavior could be the main reason for the surface fluctuation of graphene oxide sheets that is observed in microscopic images. In addition, the individual graphene oxide sheet presents greater values of mean roughness compared to multilayered sheets.

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Effects of Presurgical Orthopedic Treatment in Infants with Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0227_eopoti_2.3.co_2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 227-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katsuaki Mishima ◽

Toshio Sugahara ◽

Yoshihide Mori ◽

Katsuhiro Minami ◽

Masayoshi Sakuda

Keyword(s):

Discriminant Analysis ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Predictor Variables ◽

Measuring Apparatus ◽

Orthopedic Treatment ◽

Wire Frame ◽

Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽

Posterior Shift

Objective To align the protruding premaxilla in infants with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), an intraoral appliance (i.e., Hotz plate) and an extraoral appliance consisting of a band covering the head and elastics are used as a presurgical orthopedic treatment in our clinic. The aim of this study was to analyze the configuration and position of the premaxilla and the vomer in infants with BCLP and to investigate the factors generating deviation and bending of the vomer and twisting of the premaxilla. Patients Palatal casts were obtained serially from 10 infants with complete BCLP from 1 to 3 months of age. Measurements These casts were automatically measured using a highly accurate contact-type measuring apparatus. After three-dimensional wire frame models generated from the serial casts were automatically superimposed, the magnitude and direction of the shift were calculated. A discriminant analysis was used for investigation of predictor variables generating the twisting or bending vomer. Results and Conclusions The vomer was found to be bent in two infants and the premaxilla was twisted in three infants. In the infants whose vomers were bent, the magnitude of the posterior shift of the premaxilla was greater than that of the inferior shift. A discriminant analysis indicated that at 1 month of age, a greater inclination and a smaller deviation of the vomer and a longer distance between the cleft edges of the lateral segments had a tendency to be associated with bending of the vomer or twisting of the premaxilla.

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COUPLING OF EXPLOSIVE ENERGY IN THREE‐DIMENSIONAL MODELS

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1440086 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 220-233

Author(s):

Dhari S. Bahjat ◽

Carl Kisslinger

Keyword(s):

Pulse Width ◽

Surrounding Medium ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

P Wave ◽

Elastic Response ◽

Laboratory Model ◽

Cavity Radius ◽

General Validity ◽

Short Period ◽

Tightly Coupled

The coupling of explosive generated P waves to the surrounding medium was investigated in a three‐dimensional laboratory model. For tightly coupled charges the amplitude was found to increase as [Formula: see text], and the pulse width as [Formula: see text], where W is the charge mass. Only a few hundredths of one percent of the energy in the explosion was transmitted in the initial P wave. When charges were fired in air‐filled cavities, the amplitude of the energy in the P wave increased to a maximum and then decreased with increasing cavity radius. The amplitudes from cavity shots were never less than the amplitudes for the tightly coupled shots. As the cavity radius increased, the pulse width of the P wave decreased to a minimum, an indication of a decrease in the size of the equivalent cavity, and then increased with further increase in cavity size. The period minimum is interpreted as corresponding to the transition from nonelastic to elastic response of the cavity wall. The cavity pressure at this transition is about one‐half the nominal tensile strength of the material. Scaling to the Sterling nuclear event is examined, and the conclusion is that the disagreement between field tests of decoupling and our experiments is due to the dominance of short period energy in our experiments. The results cast doubt on the general validity of partial decoupling.

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Creation of a wire-frame model for three-dimensional registration of raster image regions of interest

10.1117/12.18874 ◽

1990 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert L. Galloway, Jr. ◽

Charles A. Edwards II ◽

Gerald L. Haden ◽

Robert J. Maciunas

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Regions Of Interest ◽

Frame Model ◽

Raster Image ◽

Wire Frame

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A three dimensional wire frame graphics system

ACM SIGAPL APL Quote Quad ◽

10.1145/384282.28316 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Uday G. Gujar

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Wire Frame

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Seismical Protection Properties of High Damping Rubber Bearing and Lead Rubber Bearing Base Isolation Systems for Multi-Storey RC Buildings

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.234.90 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 234 ◽

pp. 90-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Donato Cancellara ◽

Fabio de Angelis

Keyword(s):

Base Isolation ◽

Response Spectrum ◽

Limit State ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Elastic Response ◽

Rubber Bearing ◽

Lead Rubber Bearing ◽

High Damping Rubber Bearing ◽

High Damping Rubber ◽

Isolation Systems

In the present paper two different base isolation systems, designed and verified according to the european seismic code (EC2 and EC8), are compared for evaluating the behaviour of a base isolated building, highly irregular in plan, in presence of a seismic excitation. The devices adopted for realizing the different base isolation systems are the High Damping Rubber Bearing (HDRB) and the Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) both of them actuated in parallel with a Friction Slider (FS). A dynamic nonlinear analysis for a three-dimensional base isolated structure has been performed. Recorded accelerograms for bi-directional ground motions, compatible with the reference elastic response spectrum for each limit state have been used for a more realistic evaluation of the seismic response of the structure and a more realistic comparative analysis between the base isolated structure with the different considered base isolation systems and the traditional fixed base structure.

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Constitutive Modeling of a Thermoplastic Olefin Over a Broad Range of Strain Rates

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology ◽

10.1115/1.2349501 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 128 (4) ◽

pp. 551-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Yan Wang ◽

Ellen M. Arruda

Keyword(s):

Strain Rate ◽

Strain Hardening ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Elastic Response ◽

Strain Rates ◽

Strain Behavior ◽

Rate Dependent ◽

State Dependent ◽

Deformation State ◽

Ann Arbor

A microstructually motivated, three-dimensional, large deformation, strain rate dependent constitutive model has been developed for a semi-crystalline, blended, thermoplastic olefin (TPO) (Wang, Y., 2002, Ph.D. thesis, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI). Various experiments have been conducted to characterize the TPO and to verify the modeling approach (Wang, Y., 2002, Ph.D. thesis, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI). The model includes a quantitative rate-dependent Young’s modulus, a nonlinear viscoelastic response between initial linear elastic response and yield due to inherent microstructural irregularity, rate and temperature dependent yield with two distinctive yield mechanisms for low and high strain rates, temperature-dependent strain hardening, plastic deformation of crystalline regions, and adiabatic heating. It has been shown to accurately capture the observed TPO stress-strain behavior including the rate-dependent initial linear elastic response; temperature, strain rate, and deformation state-dependent yield; temperature and deformation state-dependent strain hardening; and pronounced thermal softening effects at high (impact) strain rates. The model has also been examined for its ability to predict the response in plane strain compression based on material parameters chosen to capture the uniaxial compression response. The model is predictive of the initial strain rate dependent stiffness, yield, and strain hardening responses in plane strain. Such predictive capability demonstrates the versatility with which this model captures the three-dimensional anisotropic nature of TPO stress-strain behavior.

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