scholarly journals Gauge freedom in magnetostatics and the effect on helicity in toroidal volumes

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 093505
Author(s):  
David Pfefferlé ◽  
Lyle Noakes ◽  
David Perrella
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Freedom

scholarly journals Color-kinematic duality in ABJM theory without amplitude relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 1750002
Author(s):  
Allic Sivaramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Group ◽  
Explicit Form ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Abjm Theory ◽  
Gauge Freedom

We explicitly show that the Bern–Carrasco–Johansson color-kinematic duality holds at tree level through at least eight points in Aharony–Bergman–Jafferis–Maldacena theory with gauge group [Formula: see text]. At six points we give the explicit form of numerators in terms of amplitudes, displaying the generalized gauge freedom that leads to amplitude relations. However, at eight points no amplitude relations follow from the duality, so the diagram numerators are fixed unique functions of partial amplitudes. We provide the explicit amplitude-numerator decomposition and the numerator relations for eight-point amplitudes.

scholarly journals Maxwell's Equations, Stokes' Theorem, and the Conservation of Charge

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gratus ◽  
Paul Kinsler ◽  
Martin W. McCall
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Effective Charge ◽  
Electromagnetic Theory ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Electromagnetic Excitation ◽  
Gauge Freedom ◽  
Charge Conservation ◽  
Vector Potentials ◽  
Vacuum Polarisation ◽  
A Charge

A careful examination of the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory shows that due to the underlying mathematical assumptions required for Stokes' Theorem, global charge conservation cannot be guaranteed in topologically non-trivial spacetimes. However, in order to break the charge conservation mechanism we must also allow the electromagnetic excitation fields D, H to possess a gauge freedom, just as the electromagnetic scalar and vector potentials $\varphi$ and A do. This has implications for the treatment of electromagnetism in spacetimes where black holes both form and then evaporate, as well as extending the possibilities for treating vacuum polarisation. Using this gauge freedom of D, H we also propose an alternative to the accepted notion that a charge passing through a wormhole necessarily leads to an additional (effective) charge on the wormhole's mouth.

scholarly journals Non-locality and Gauge Freedom in Deutsch and Hayden’s Formulation of Quantum Mechanics

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1069-1073
Author(s):  
David Wallace ◽  
Christopher G. Timpson
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Gauge Freedom ◽  
Non Locality

On the gauge freedom of gravitational energy

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2545-2551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran Bergqvist
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Energy ◽  
Gauge Freedom

scholarly journals Discrete canonical analysis of three-dimensional gravity with cosmological constant

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (15) ◽  
pp. 1550080
Author(s):  
J. Berra-Montiel ◽  
J. E. Rosales-Quintero
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Constant Curvature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
Gauge Freedom ◽  
Dimensional Gravity ◽  
Local Symmetries ◽  
Lattice Approach ◽  
Hamiltonian Analysis ◽  
The Continuum

We discuss the interplay between standard canonical analysis and canonical discretization in three-dimensional gravity with cosmological constant. By using the Hamiltonian analysis, we find that the continuum local symmetries of the theory are given by the on-shell space–time diffeomorphisms, which at the action level, correspond to the Kalb–Ramond transformations. At the time of discretization, although this symmetry is explicitly broken, we prove that the theory still preserves certain gauge freedom generated by a constant curvature relation in terms of holonomies and the Gauss's law in the lattice approach.

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