scholarly journals Behaviors of supersonic double-parameter jets and their impingement onto molten bath in BOF steelmaking

AIP Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 105307
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Guangqiang Liu ◽  
Kun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Molten Bath

Electromagnetic analysis of an AC electric arc furnace including the modeling of an AC arc

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Kiyoumarsi ◽  
Abolfazl Nazari ◽  
Mohammad Ataei ◽  
Hamid Khademhosseini Beheshti ◽  
Rahmat‐Allah Hooshmand
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Electromagnetic Analysis ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Molten Bath ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Ac Arc ◽  
Different Parts

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a 3D finite element model of the electromagnetic fields in an AC three‐phase electric arc furnace (EAF). The model includes the electrodes, arcs, and molten bath.Design/methodology/approachThe electromagnetic field in terms of time in AC arc is also modeled, utilizing a 3D finite element method (3D FEM). The arc is supposed to be an electro‐thermal unit with electrical power as input and thermal power as output. The average Joule power, calculated during the transient electromagnetic analysis of the AC arc furnace, can be used as a thermal source for the thermal analysis of the inner part of furnace. Then, by attention to different mechanisms of heat transfer in the furnace (convection and radiation from arc to bath, radiation from arc to the inner part of furnace and radiation from the bath to the sidewall and roof panel of the furnace), the temperature distribution in different parts of the furnace is calculated. The thermal model consists of the roof and sidewall panels, electrodes, bath, refractory, and arc. The thermal problem is solved in the steady state for the furnace without slag and with different depths of slag.FindingsCurrent density, voltage and magnetic field intensity in the arcs, molten bath and electrodes are predicted as a result of applying the three‐phase AC voltages to the EAF. The temperature distribution in different parts of the furnace is also evaluated as a result of the electromagnetic field analysis.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper considers an ideal condition for the AC arc. Non‐linearity of the arc during the melting, which leads to power quality disturbances, is not considered. In most prior researches on the electrical arc furnace, a non‐linear circuit model is usually used for calculation of power quality phenomena distributions. In this paper, the FEM is used instead of non‐linear circuits, and calculated voltage and current densities in the linear arc model. The FEM results directly depend on the physical properties considered for the arc.Originality/valueSteady‐state arc shapes, based on the Bowman model, are used to calculate and evaluate the geometry of the arc in a real and practical three‐phase AC arc furnace. A new approach to modeling AC arcs is developed, assuming that the instantaneous geometry of the AC arc at any time is constant and is similar to the geometry of a DC arc with the root mean square value of the current waveform of the AC arc. A time‐stepping 3D FEM is utilized to calculate the electromagnetic field in the AC arc as a function of time.

scholarly journals Effect of Impact Cavity Shape Induced by Supersonic Oxygen Jet on the Dynamic Characteristics of Molten Bath in Converter

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 2170091
Author(s):  
Jiankun Sun ◽  
Jiangshan Zhang ◽  
Wenhui Lin ◽  
Lingling Cao ◽  
Xiaoming Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Molten Bath ◽  
Cavity Shape

scholarly journals The investigation on the middle period dephosphorization in 70t converter

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 567-575
Author(s):  
Deng Nanyang ◽  
Wang Haijun ◽  
Ling Haitao ◽  
Wang Jianjun
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Molten Bath ◽  
Large Margin ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Middle Period ◽  
Slag Conditions ◽  
Dephosphorization Rate ◽  
Lance Position

AbstractAn experimental test is carried out on the 70t converter in Masteel to study the law of middle period dephosphorization in the smelting period. It is found that the dephosphorization rate is slow in the early and middle period of smelting and the content of the final P in steel cannot reach the standard due to the low oxidation of slag. The content of the final P in steel can be controlled within 0.02% by adding ore to the molten bath in the middle period and raising the lance position. The experimental test shows that the dephosphorization can still be achieved by a large margin if appropriate slag conditions are maintained in the middle period when the C and O reactions are strong. By theoretical calculation, it is concluded that the slag content should be controlled between 15 and 23%, and the basicity of slag should be between 2.5 and 2.8 in the middle period of production. Through the observation of experimental slag by SEM, it is found that the limiting factor of dephosphorization in the middle period under the test conditions is that the dephosphorization speed is too slow due to the low oxidation, rather than the solidification of phosphorus.

scholarly journals Studies on molten bath and aluminium contamination with ceramic anodes corrosion products

PAMM ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10853-10854
Author(s):  
Cristian Paul Rodean ◽  
Simona Rodean
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Molten Bath

scholarly journals Effect of Bottom Blowing Mode on Fluid Flow and Mixing Behavior in Converter

Metals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Jiankun Sun ◽  
Jiangshan Zhang ◽  
Wenhui Lin ◽  
Xiaoming Feng ◽  
Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Refractory Lining ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Diffusion Path ◽  
Tracer Diffusion ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Molten Bath ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Type Mode ◽  
Bottom Blowing

Bottom blowing agitation plays a crucial role in improving the reaction kinetics condition of molten bath during the steelmaking process. Herein, the influence of bottom blowing mode on the flow and mixing characteristics of molten bath and the abrasion characteristics of refractory lining in a 6:1 scaled-down model of a 100 t converter were investigated using physical and numerical simulations together. Eight bottom blowing modes were designed (uniform, three-point linear co-direction, three-point linear unco-direction, two-point linear, circumferential linear, A-type, V-type, and triangle alternating). The results indicated that bottom blowing mode has a significant effect on the local flow field at the inner ring of bottom tuyeres, the velocity interval distribution, and the turbulent kinetic energy, which in turn determines the tracer diffusion path and rate as well the mixing time of molten bath. Reasonable non-uniform bottom blowing modes promote the interaction between the various stirring sub-zones of the molten bath. Among them, the three-point linear co-direction mode and A-type mode have the highest mixing efficiency under the conditions of bottom blowing and combined blowing, respectively, which is superior to the uniform mode. In addition, the bottom blowing mode changed the location and degree of abrasion of the refractory lining, and the total abrasion of the non-uniform mode was reduced. The average value and fluctuation degree of integral wall shear stress for the A-type mode were minimal.

Mechanical Performance and Fracture Behavior of Recycled AA6061-T6 Alloy Melted from Aluminium Chips

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
Razzaq Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Arfan ◽  
Muhammad Noshad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Reverberatory Furnace ◽  
Molten Bath ◽  
Furnace Charge ◽  
Mixed Nature

Aluminium chips were re-melted under the molten bath in a gas fired reverberatory furnace and superior quality recycled AA6061-T6 alloy was synthesized. The chips were added 5 to 20% by weight in the recycled alloy. The furnace charge included clean scrap of the same alloy (AA6061) along with the machining chips or tunings of mixed nature. The chips used in this study were mostly generated from lath/bore operations carried on homogenized billets. The fabricated alloy of each heat was characterized for microstructures, mechanical properties and fracture behavior. The results showed that the metallurgical and mechanical performance of the recycled alloy was comparable to the primary alloy. However, SEM analysis of the recycled alloy revealed a sizeable amount of Fe and Si containing intermetallic compounds such as AlFeSi, AlFeMg, and AlSiMg phases.

Protective System for Magnesium Melt

2005 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karger ◽  
Friedrich Wilhelm Bach ◽  
C. Pelz
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Protective Atmosphere ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Molten Bath ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Protective System ◽  
Molten Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Melt ◽  
Gas Expansion

The environmentally friendly alternatives are being examined by an R&D group funded by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The research goals of this group are to analyze the potential of known environmental friendly gases to serve as protective atmosphere, and also to develop and to evaluate new methods for protecting the surface of magnesium melts. One possible alternative is covering the magnesium melt with CO2-snow, which is deposited on the molten bath and decreases the surface temperature of the melt. On the other hand gas expansion is the result of the sublimation of the CO2-snow which displaces any oxygen at the surface of the molten magnesium.

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