The effect of air injection rate in circulated plasma electrolysis reactor for degradation of batik dyes waste

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novy Cendian ◽  
Chantika Coan ◽  
Nelson Saksono
Keyword(s):  
Injection Rate ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Plasma Electrolysis

scholarly journals Degradation of Remazol Brilliant Blue Using Plasma Electrolysis Method with NaCl and Fe2+ Ion Addition

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 01012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Saksono ◽  
Dwiputra Muhammad Zairin ◽  
Fikri Averous
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Plasma Electrolysis ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Electrolysis Method

Remazol Brilliant Blue is a dye waste mostly generated by the textile industry and can be very dangerous to the environment. Plasma electrolysis is a method that can produce hydroxyl radicals in large quantities in order to degrade the dye compounds. This study aims to test the ability of plasma electrolysis method to degrade Remazol Brilliant Blue wastewater using NaCl as electrolyte, with the addition of Fe2+ ion and air injection. Before the degradation process was carried out, permanganometric test was performed to see the production of hydroxyl radicals with the variations of electrolyte concentration and voltage. The degradation process were investigated more specifically by looking at the effect of Fe2+ ion concentration and the initial concentration of Remazol Brilliant Blue. Remazol Brilliant Blue degradation reached 98.5% in 30 minutes where the initial concentration of Remazol Brilliant Blue is 100 ppm, voltage of 750 V, NaCl concentration 0.03 M,with the addition of 40 ppm Fe2+ ion and air injection. The results show that plasma electrolysis with NaCl as electrolyte using air injection has a good potential in degrading dye wastewater in the environment.

scholarly journals Efek Suhu dan Injeksi Udara pada Penyisihan Limbah Pewarna Tekstil Remazol Red dengan Metode Elektrolisis Plasma

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Tri S. Budikania ◽  
Dian R. Suminar ◽  
Eva F. Karamah ◽  
Nelson Saksono
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Plasma Electrolysis ◽  
Electrolysis Method ◽  
Remazol Red

Abstrak. Limbah pewarna industri tekstil merupakan limbah cair yang sulit teroksidasi dan berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Radikal hidroksil (•OH) merupakan spesies yang sangat efektif dalam mengoksidasi berbagai limbah cair organik seperti limbah pewarna.  Metode Elektrolisis Plasma sangat produktif menghasilkan radikal Hidroksil sehingga efektif dalam menyisihkan (mendegradasi) berbagai jenis limbah pewarna tekstil seperti Remazol Red. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan proses degradasi remazol red RB 133 dan konsumsi energinya menggunakan metode Elektrolisis Plasma melalui pengaturan suhu dan  injeksi gelembung  udara dalam larutan. Pembentukan H2O2 merupakan indikator pembentukan •OH pada reaksi Elektrolisis Plasma. Injeksi udara pada larutan limbah pewarna menurunkan arus listrik pada kurva karekateristik arus-tegangan. Kenaikan suhu larutan dari 45 oC menjadi 75 oC  selama 10 menit reaksi tampa injeksi udara menurunkan konsumsi energi  dari 229,9 kJ menjadi 219,5 kJ serta menurunkan  produksi H2O2 dari 4,8 mmol menjadi 3,1 mmol. Sementara injeksi udara pada suhu 75 oC selama 10 menit proses menurunkan konsumsi  listrik hingga 28,5% dan meningkatkan produksi H2O2 hingga 27,3 %. Namun demikian injeksi udara hanya meningkatkan degradasi Remazol Red sebesar 1,8 %.  Suhu optimum dicapai pada 55oC, dengan produksi H2O2 sebesar 5,7 mmol selama 30 menit. Injeksi udara udara mampu meningkatkan efektivitas proses. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persen penyisihan mencapai 88,9% dengan  konsumsi energi sebesar 115,2 kJ dalam waktu 30 menit reaksi. Kata kunci: elektrolisis plasma, remazol red, gelembung udara. Abstract. Effect of Temperature and Air Injection on Degradation of Remazol Red Textile Dyes by Plasma Electrolysis Method. The textile dye waste is a liquid waste that is difficult to oxidize and dangerous for the environment. Hydroxyl radicals (• OH) are very effective species in oxidizing various organic liquid wastes such as Remazol Red. Plasma Electrolysis Method is very productive in producing Hydroxyl radicals, resulting in effective degradation of various types of textile dye waste such as Remazol Red. This study aims to optimize the degradation process of remazol red RB 133 and its energy consumption using the Plasma Electrolysis method through temperature regulation and injection of air bubbles in solution. The formation of H2O2 is used an indicator of the formation of •OH in the Plasma Electrolysis reaction. The Air injection decreases the electric current on the current-voltage characteristic curve. The solution temperature increases from 45oC to 75oC for 10 minutes reaction without air injection were able to reduce the energy consumption from 229.9 kJ to 219.5 kJ and H2O2 production from 4.8 mmol to 3.1 mmol. Meanwhile, the addition of air injection at 75oC within 10 minutes of reaction were able to reduce electricity consumption by 28.5% and increases H2O2 production by 27.3%. However, the addition of air injection only increased the degradation of Remazol Red by 1.8%. The optimum temperature was reached at 55oC, with H2O2 production of 5.7 mmol for 30 minutes. The addition of air injection has been shown to increase the effectiveness of the process. The results showed degradation percentage reached 88.9% with energy consumption of 115.2 kJ within 30 minutes of reaction. Keywords: air injection, plasma electrolysis, remazol red. Graphical Abstract

Experimental and Theoretical Study on Mixing Performance in Gas-Stirred Ladles With Throughflow Having Tap-Stream Addition of Particulates

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jei Yang ◽  
Shuichi Torii
Keyword(s):  
Line Profile ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Gas Bubbles ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mixing Performance ◽  
Bubble Detachment ◽  
History Of

An experimental study is performed to determine mixing performance in gas-ladles with throughflow having tap-addition of particles. Behavior of ascending gas bubbles in the plume and recirculating liquid-particle two-phase flow is visualized by means of direct photography aided by white light-sheet illumination. The path line profile and the history of ascending velocity of gas bubbles from the gas-injection nozzle installed at the ladle bottom are measured with the aid of the image processing method. It is disclosed that a rhythm is discovered in bubble detachment from the nozzle tip. This rhythm repeats by cycle and is characterized by two distinct patterns, forming the discrete bubbles regime and continuous jet regime for lower and higher air injection rates, respectively. Inspective of air injection rate, the growth of each bubble can be divided into the initial, intermediate, and final stages. Each stage has its own distinct bubble growth velocity, path line profile, and ascending velocity. The theoretical equation is derived to correlate experimental data on bubble path line.

Pressure distribution and mass injection effects in the transitional separated flow over a spiked body at supersonic speed

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansop Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Separated Flow ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Pressure Variation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Supersonic Speed ◽  
Schlieren Technique ◽  
Mass Injection

Pressure distribution and the effect of air injection in the separated flow over a spiked-hemisphere were investigated at a Mach number of 3·3, and Reynolds number around the transitional value. Pressure distribution along the spike as well as over the body was measured in the absence of injection. Air was injected into the separated flow at the spike tip and base and reattachment region through one or more orifices drilled normal to the surface, and the resulting flow patterns were observed using the schlieren technique. The results show that (i) the pressure variation along the spike is similar to a two-dimensional separated flow in the transition régime; and (ii) the mass injection at the spike tip has a strong destabilizing effect regardless of injection rate, while the injection from spike base and reattachment region can be either slightly stabilizing or destabilizing depending on the flow condition.

Active Flow Control to Improve the Aerodynamic Performance of Axial Turbomachines

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Neuhaus ◽  
Olaf Wiederhold ◽  
Wolfgang Neise ◽  
Lars Enghardt ◽  
Rudibert King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Flow Control ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Extremum Seeking ◽  
Extremum Seeking Control ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
Active Flow

Axial turbomachines have a radial gap between the casing and the rotor blades. The static pressure difference between the suction and the pressure side of the impeller blades produces a secondary flow over the tip of the rotor blades. This tip clearance flow is important for the aerodynamic performance of the fan. Fan pressure and efficiency drop, and the usable range of the performance characteristics is diminished as the rotor flow is stalled at low flow rates. Previous investigations have shown that one method for increasing the aerodynamic performance is to control the flow in the tip clearance gap via air injection into the gap. The goal of this paper is to compare the different effects of steady and unsteady air injection on the aerodynamic performance curves and to implement various closed-loop extremum-seeking control algorithms. The main purpose of these active flow control methods is to stabilize the flow at operating points, where it is stalled otherwise. To compare the effect of steady and unsteady air injection, the aerodynamic performance curves (fan pressure rise and efficiency) were measured for different sets of frequencies with the air injection rate held constant. To control the air injection rate automatically and to find optimal actuation parameters, a SISO-extremum-seeking control algorithm was applied. For the improvement of the control performance, the controller was extended by a slope-seeker. Moreover, an extended Kalman filter was used to speed up the control via a faster slope detection to accelerate the estimation of the local gradient of the static input-output map of the process. This new approach led to an almost fivefold increase in closed-loop control speed.

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