Atrial fibrillation analysis based on features of atrial activity and heart rhythm regularity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Kalinichenko ◽  
S. V. Motorina
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Atrial Activity

scholarly journals Large extracellular vesicles in the left atrial appendage in patients with atrial fibrillation—the missing link?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Zietzer ◽  
Baravan Al-Kassou ◽  
Paul Jamme ◽  
Verena Rolfes ◽  
Eva Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Peripheral Embolization

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmic disease in humans, which leads to thrombus formation in the left atrial appendage and stroke through peripheral embolization. Depending on their origin, large extracellular vesicles (lEVs) can exert pro-coagulant functions. In the present study, we investigated how different types of AF influence the levels of large EV subtypes in three distinct atrial localizations. Blood samples were collected from the right and left atrium and the left atrial appendage of 58 patients. 49% of the patients had permanent AF, 34% had non-permanent AF, and 17% had no history of AF. Flow cytometric analysis of the origin of the lEVs showed that the proportion of platelet-derived lEVs in the left atrial appendage was significantly higher in permanent AF patients compared to non-permanent AF. When we grouped patients according to their current heart rhythm, we also detected significantly higher levels of platelet-derived lEVs in the left atrial appendage (LAA) in patients with atrial fibrillation. In vitro studies revealed, that platelet activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to higher levels of miR-222-3p and miR-223-3p in platelet-derived lEVs. Treatment with lEVs from LPS- or thrombin-activated platelets reduces the migration of endothelial cells in vitro. These results suggest that permanent atrial fibrillation is associated with increased levels of platelet-derived lEVs in the LAA, which are potentially involved in LAA thrombus formation.

scholarly journals Kardia Mobile and ISTEL HR applicability in clinical practice: A comparison of Kardia Mobile, ISTEL HR and standard 12-lead electrocardiogram records in 98 consecutive patients of a tertiary cardiovascular care centre

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Krzowski ◽  
Kamila Skoczylas ◽  
Gabriela Osak ◽  
Natalia Żurawska ◽  
Michał Peller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Cardiovascular Care

Abstract Aims Mobile, portable ECG-recorders allow the assessment of heart rhythm in out-of-hospital conditions and may prove useful for monitoring patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, the effectiveness of these portable devices has not been tested in everyday practice. Methods and results A group of 98 consecutive cardiology patients (62 males [63%], mean age 69 ± 12.9 years) were included in an academic care centre. For each patient, a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (SE), as well as a Kardia Mobile 6L (KM) and Istel (IS) HR-2000 ECG were performed. Two groups of experienced physycians analyzed obtained recordings. After analyzing ECG tracings from SE, KM, and IS, quality was marked as good in 82%, 80%, and 72% of patients, respectively (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between devices in terms of detecting sinus rhythm (SE [60%, n = 59], KM [58%, n = 56], and IS [61%, n = 60]; SE vs KM p = 0.53; SE vs IS p = 0.76) and atrial fibrillation (SE [22%, n = 22], KM [22%, n = 21], and IS [18%, n = 18]; (SE vs KM p = 0.65; SE vs IS = 0.1). KM had a sensitivity of 88.1% and a specificity of 89.7% for diagnosing sinus rhythm. IS showed 91.5% and 84.6% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. The sensitivity of KM in detecting atrial fibrillation was higher than IS (86.4% vs. 77.3%), but their specificity was comparable (97.4% vs. 98.7%). Conclusion Novel, portable devices are useful in showing sinus rhythm and detecting atrial fibrillation in clinical practice. However, ECG measurements concerning conduction and repolarisation should be clarified with a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram.

Towards Early Detection and Burden Estimation of Atrial Fibrillation in an Ambulatory Free-living Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Hanbin Zhang ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Viswam Nathan ◽  
Jilong Kuang ◽  
Jacob Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Time Frequency

Early detection and accurate burden estimation of atrial fibrillation (AFib) can provide the foundation for effective physician treatment. New approaches to accomplish this have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. In this paper, we develop a novel passive smartwatch-based system to detect AFib episodes and estimate the AFib burden in an ambulatory free-living environment without user engagement. Our system leverages a built-in PPG sensor to collect heart rhythm without user engagement. Then, a data preprocessor module includes time-frequency (TF) analysis to augment features in both the time and frequency domain. Finally, a lightweight multi-view convolutional neural network consisting of 19 layers achieves the AFib detection. To validate our system, we carry out a research study that enrolls 53 participants across three months, where we collect and annotate more than 27,622 hours of data. Our system achieves an average of 91.6% accuracy, 93.0% specificity, and 90.8% sensitivity without dropping any data. Moreover, our system takes 0.51 million parameters and costs 5.18 ms per inference. These results reveal that our proposed system can provide a clinical assessment of AFib in daily living.

Abstract 14839: High-resolution Spatiotemporal Changes in Dominant Frequency and Structural Organization During Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence Pong ◽  
Joy Aparicio Valenzuela ◽  
Kevin J Cyr ◽  
Cody Carlton ◽  
Sasank Sakhamuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Structural Remodeling ◽  
Atrial Activity ◽  
Spatiotemporal Changes ◽  
Mapping Arrays

Introduction: Spatiotemporal differences in atrial activity are thought to contribute to the maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). While recent evidence has identified changes in dominant frequency (DF) during the transition from paroxysmal to persistent AF, little is known about the frequency characteristics of the epicardium during this transition. The purpose of this study was to perform high-resolution mapping of the atrial epicardium and to characterize changes in frequency activity and structural organization during the transition from paroxysmal to persistent AF. Hypothesis: In a porcine model of persistent AF, we tested the hypothesis that the epicardium undergoes spatiotemporal changes in atrial activity and structural organization during persistent AF. Methods: Paroxysmal and persistent AF was induced in adult Yorkshire swine by atrial tachypacing. Atrial morphology was segmented from magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution patient-specific flexible mapping arrays were 3D printed to match the epicardial contours of the atria. Epicardial activation and DF mapping was performed in four paroxysmal and four persistent AF animals using personalized mapping arrays. Histological analysis was performed to determine structural differences between paroxysmal and persistent AF. Results: The left atrial epicardium was associated with a significant increase in DF between paroxysmal and persistent AF (6.5 ± 0.2 vs. 7.4 ± 0.5 Hz, P = 0.03). High-resolution spatiotemporal mapping identified organized clusters of DF during paroxysmal AF which were lost during persistent AF. The development of persistent AF led to structural remodeling with increased atrial epicardial fibrosis. The organization index (OI) significantly decreased during persistent AF in both the left atria (0.3 ± 0.03 vs. 0.2 ± 0.03, P = 0.01) and right atria (0.33 ± 0.04 vs. 0.23 ± 0.02, P = 0.02). Conclusions: In the porcine model of persistent AF, the epicardium undergoes structural remodeling with increased epicardial fibrosis, reflected by changes in atrial organization index and dominant frequency.

scholarly journals Prevalence of arrhythmias in dogs examined between 2008 and 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak ◽  
Marcin Michałek ◽  
Ewelina Kałuża ◽  
Alicja Cepiel ◽  
Urszula Pasławska
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Premature Ventricular Complexes ◽  
Labrador Retrievers

Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of arrhythmias in dogs and the influence of sex, breed, age, and body weight were analysed over a seven-year span. Material and Methods: In total, 1189 referrals for cardiological examination by electrocardiography were received at one academic centre in Poland between 2008 and 2014. The largest proportion of the examined dogs were cross-breeds with body weight below 25 kg (n = 153, 12.87%), followed by German Shepherds (n = 122, 10.26%), Labrador Retrievers (n = 68, 5.72%), Yorkshire Terriers (n = 63, 5.3%), and Boxers (n = 60, 5.05%). Retrospective analysis was made of 1201 standing or right recumbent electrocardiograms without pharmacological sedation. The prevalence of arrhythmias was examined in terms of sex, age, body weight, and breed of the dogs. Results: A total of 630 (52.46%) electrocardiograms showed no signs of arrhythmia, but 96 (7.99%) and 475 (39.55%) pointed to physiological and pathological arrhythmias respectively. The most commonly diagnosed type was atrial fibrillation with 33.68% incidence, followed by ventricular arrhythmias (28%), sinus pauses (27.58%), supraventricular arrhythmias (24%), and atrioventricular blocks (22.95%). Pathological arrhythmias were most commonly found in male dogs and in German Shepherds. Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation predominated, followed by premature ventricular complexes. Male dogs were generally more prone to heart rhythm disturbances.

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