Determination of macroscopic stress from diffraction experiments: A critical discussion

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 025103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Mishurova ◽  
Giovanni Bruno ◽  
Sergei Evsevleev ◽  
Igor Sevostianov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Macroscopic Stress

scholarly journals Analytical Determination of the Bending Stiffness of a Five-Layer Corrugated Cardboard with Imperfections

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 663
Author(s):  
Tomasz Garbowski ◽  
Anna Knitter-Piątkowska
Keyword(s):  
Load Capacity ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Corrugated Board ◽  
Correct Determination ◽  
Corrugated Cardboard

Bending stiffness (BS) is one of the two most important mechanical parameters of corrugated board. The second is edge crush resistance (ECT). Both are used in many analytical formulas to assess the load capacity of corrugated cardboard packaging. Therefore, the correct determination of bending stiffness is crucial in the design of corrugated board structures. This paper focuses on the analytical determination of BS based on the known parameters of the constituent papers and the geometry of the corrugated layers. The work analyzes in detail the dependence of the bending stiffness of an asymmetric, five-layer corrugated cardboard on the sample arrangement. A specimen bent so that the layers on the lower wave side are compressed has approximately 10% higher stiffness value. This is due to imperfections, which are particularly important in the case of compression of very thin liners. The study showed that imperfection at the level of a few microns causes noticeable drops in bending stiffness. The method has also been validated by means of experimental data from the literature and simple numerical finite element model (FEM). The obtained compliance of the computational model with the experimental model is very satisfactory. The work also included a critical discussion of the already published data and observations of other scientists in the field.

Charge-Transfer Complexes Between Iodine and Substituted Thioureas: Determination of Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Properties

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Fooken ◽  
Wolfram Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Dichloromethane Solution ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Iodine Complexes

Abstract 15 iodine complexes with substituted thioureas were investigated in dichloromethane solution by UV-visible spectroscopy, and their equilibrium constants, reaction enthalpies and molar absorption coefficients were determined. The influence of the substituents on the properties of the charge-trans-fer complexes is examined. A critical discussion of previously published data is given, where comparable data are available.

Thermo-electricity at low temperatures III. The absolute scale of thermo-electric power: a critical discussion of the present scale at low temperatures and preliminary measurements towards its redetermination

1955 ◽  
Vol 231 (1187) ◽  
pp. 534-544 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Present Theory ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Electric Force ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Absolute Scale ◽  
The Absolute

In order to compare exactly the present theory of thermo-electric power in metals with the behaviour of the simple alkali metals, particularly sodium, at low temperatures, it is necessary to know the absolute thermo-electric, power of one single conductor. There has been only one such determination of an absolute scale of thermo-electric power, and this was derived 23 years ago as the outcome of measurements which had been made primarily for other purposes. As measurements of the thermo-electric force of the alkali metals at low temperatures have recently become available, it is appropriate now to review critically the experimental basis of that scale. In view of new experimental evidence on the behaviour of the thermo-electric power of superconductors just above the transition point which has appeared in the last few years, it appears that a redetermination of the scale is necessary, at least at low temperatures. In this paper the present absolute scale of thermo-electric force is critically discussed particularly in relation to preliminary measurements towards its redetermination.

scholarly journals Critical Review of Intelligent Battery Systems: Challenges, Implementation, and Potential for Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5989
Author(s):  
Lidiya Komsiyska ◽  
Tobias Buchberger ◽  
Simon Diehl ◽  
Moritz Ehrensberger ◽  
Christian Hanzl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Multilevel Inverters ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Battery Systems ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Strategies

This review provides an overview of new strategies to address the current challenges of automotive battery systems: Intelligent Battery Systems. They have the potential to make battery systems more performant and future-proof for coming generations of electric vehicles. The essential features of Intelligent Battery Systems are the accurate and robust determination of cell individual states and the ability to control the current of each cell by reconfiguration. They enable high-level functions like fault diagnostics, multi-objective balancing strategies, multilevel inverters, and hybrid energy storage systems. State of the art and recent advances in these topics are compiled and critically discussed in this article. A comprising, critical discussion of the implementation aspects of Intelligent Battery Systems complements the review. We touch on sensing, battery topologies and management, switching elements, communication architecture, and impact on the single-cell. This review contributes to transferring the best technologies from research to product development.

scholarly journals Human rights education and the conscience of mankind: developing didactics of perplexity

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-89
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Sigurdsson ◽  
Kirsten M. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Human Rights Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Education Teacher ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Teacher Students ◽  
Point Of Departure

The Preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) states that ‘disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind’. From this point of departure, we argue that philosophical, political, and religious reflections on core concepts such as conscience, freedom, equality, dignity, justice, and peace can help to create an appropriate balance between a normative framework and a non-affirmative approach to human rights education. Teacher students can benefit from philosophical reflection, critical thinking, and individual judgement, as this will enhance the authoritativeness and self-determination of both teachers and learners. In terms of didactics, we consider the potentials of a concept-based approach inspired by the political philosophy of Hannah Arendt and her critical discussion of the perplexities of the rights of man.

A Critical Discussion on the Diffraction-Based Experimental Determination of Residual Stress in AM Parts

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-138
Author(s):  
Tatiana Mishurova ◽  
Itziar Serrano-Muñoz ◽  
Tobias Fritsch ◽  
Alexander Ulbricht ◽  
Maximilian Sprengel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Critical Discussion

scholarly journals Review of analytical methods for the determination of chlorine dioxide

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paraskevas Tzanavaras ◽  
Demetrius Themelis ◽  
Fotini Kika
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Figures Of Merit ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Analytical Figures Of Merit

AbstractThe present study reviews more than twenty years (1985-present) of published research on the development and application of analytical procedures for the determination of chlorine dioxide, a widely used disinfectant and bleaching agent. The review covers a variety of techniques including batch and automated spectrophotometry and fluorimetry, electroanalysis and chromatography. The analytical figures of merit to the methods are presented, while critical discussion regarding their advantages and disadvantages is addressed.

scholarly journals Determination of physical parameters of particle-accelerating colliding-wind binaries based on generalized partition considerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. A144 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Becker
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Local Magnetic Field ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Thermal Physics ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Wide Range

The sub-set of massive binaries known to accelerate particles, the so-called category of particle-accelerating colliding-wind binaries (PACWBs), constitutes a valuable laboratory for investigating the non-thermal physics in stellar environments. In particular, their synchrotron emitter status allows us to derive some basic properties of their population of relativistic electrons. In this paper, considerations about energy partitions (not restricted to equipartition or minimum energy) are developed to derive relevant physical parameters of PACWBs in an appropriate assumption context. This approach was applied to three PACWBs with known stellar wind and orbital parameters, along with rather well-known radio properties. For long-period systems, a local magnetic field of the order of 0.1–10 mG was determined for a wide range of assumptions on partition parameters, while values of a few G are obtained for the shorter period system we investigated. Normalization parameters of the relativistic electron populations were also determined. Synchrotron self-absorption appears to be an unlikely turn-over process for long-period systems, while it may compete with free-free absorption for a shorter period object. Our results are discussed in the context of the energy budget of non-thermal processes in PACWBs, and prospects for high energy emission are also addressed. The sensitivity of this approach, applied for the first time to PACWBs, was also investigated through a critical discussion of the dependence of determined physical quantities on adopted and assumed parameters. Even though this method is certainly not adequate to reproduce the physics of PACWBs in detail, it offers the advantage of allowing for the determination of valuable average quantities provided a few fundamental parameters and measurements are known, without the need of any detailed hydrodynamic and radiative modelling. In the absence of any relevant measurement of non-thermal radiation in the high-energy domain, the method presented here constitutes the most straightforward and accessible approach to date to discuss physical parameters that are relevant for the non-thermal physics of PACWBs.

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