Aspects of the spontaneous symmetry breaking in a S U(2) × U(1)-gauge model involving six real scalar fields

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin Bizdadea ◽  
Eugen-Mihaita Cioroianu ◽  
Solange-Odile Saliu
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Gauge Model ◽  
Real Scalar

BARYOGENESIS IN AN SO(10) GUT MODEL WITH PATI–SALAM INTERMEDIATE SYMMETRY

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 1539-1546
Author(s):  
F. BUCCELLA ◽  
O. PISANTI ◽  
L. ROSA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Gauge Model ◽  
Electroweak Scale ◽  
Proton Lifetime ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Breaking Scale

The possibility of generating the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe in an SO(10) gauge model with spontaneous symmetry breaking pattern [Formula: see text] is studied. We find it possible to generate a [Formula: see text], converting the leptonic number produced at the B- L breaking scale via the B+L violating processes mediated by sphalerons at the electroweak scale. The resulting picture is tested against the limit coming from experimental data: proton lifetime and neutrino oscillations.

scholarly journals Gravitationally coupled magnetic monopole and conformal symmetry breakingThis paper was presented at the Theory CANADA 4 conference, held at Centre de recherches mathématiques, Montréal, Québec, Canada on 4–7 June 2008.

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Edery ◽  
Luca Fabbri ◽  
M. B. Paranjape
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Conformal Symmetry ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Conformally Invariant ◽  
The Core

We consider a Georgi–Glashow model conformally coupled to gravity. The conformally invariant action includes a triplet of scalar fields and SO(3) non-Abelian gauge fields. However, the usual mass term μ2ϕ2 is forbidden by the symmetry, and this role is now played by the conformal coupling of the Ricci scalar to the scalar fields. Spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs via gravitation. The spherically symmetric solutions correspond to localized solitons (magnetic monopoles) in asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime and the metric outside the core of the monopole is found to be Schwarzschild–AdS. Though conformal symmetry excludes the Einstein–Hilbert term in the original action, it emerges in the effective action after spontaneous symmetry breaking and dominates the low-energy–long-distance regime outside the core of the monopole.

My Life as a Boson: The Story of "The Higgs"

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Peter Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Landau Theory ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Bcs Theory ◽  
Goldstone Theorem ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
Goldstone Bosons ◽  
Massless Spin ◽  
The Subject

The story begins in 1960, when Nambu, inspired by the BCS theory of superconductivity, formulated chirally invariant relativistic models of interacting massless fermions in which spontaneous symmetry breaking generates fermionic masses (the analogue of the BCS gap). Around the same time Jeffrey Goldstone discussed spontaneous symmetry breaking in models containing elementary scalar fields (as in Ginzburg-Landau theory). I became interested in the problem of how to avoid a feature of both kinds of model, which seemed to preclude their relevance to the real world, namely the existence in the spectrum of massless spin-zero bosons (Goldstone bosons). By 1962 this feature of relativistic field theories had become the subject of the Goldstone theorem.

WARD-TAKAHASHI IDENTITIES AND SPIN-0 COMPONENTS OF W AND Z FIELDS

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3240-3242
Author(s):  
Bing An Li
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Scalar Fields

It is shown that three scalar fields are dynamically generated after spontaneous symmetry breaking. Their masses are dynamically determined at about 1014GeV. They are ghosts. Unitarity of the SM is broken at 1014GeV.

scholarly journals TWO/THREE-FLAVOR OSCILLATION AND MSW/VACUUM OSCILLATION SOLUTION OF NEUTRINOS IN THE SO(3) GAUGE MODEL

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 4313-4329 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUE-LIANG WU
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrino ◽  
Majorana Neutrino ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
Flavor Symmetry ◽  
Gauge Model ◽  
Neutrino Mixing ◽  
Lepton Flavor ◽  
Flavor Oscillation

Three interesting scenarios for neutrino mixing, i.e. (i) small-large mixing scenario, (ii) nearly bi-maximal mixing scenario and (iii) three-flavor oscillation scenario, are analyzed in connection with three possible assignments of the maximal CP-violating phase after spontaneous symmetry breaking of SO(3) in the model with gauged SO(3) lepton flavor symmetry. As a consequence, it is found that the scenario (ii) is more reliable to be constructed to reconcile both solar and atmospheric neutrino data. Though three Majorana neutrino masses in all scenarios can be nearly degenerate, in the scenarios (ii) and (iii) masses of the neutrinos are allowed to be large enough to play a significant cosmological role and in the scenario (i) the fraction Ων/Ωm is bounded to be Ων/Ωm<(1.8-4.5)% for Ωm=(1.0-0.4) and h=0.6.

scholarly journals Proca Q-balls and Q-shells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Heeck ◽  
Arvind Rajaraman ◽  
Rebecca Riley ◽  
Christopher B. Verhaaren
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Parameter Space ◽  
Gauge Boson ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Topological Solitons ◽  
Analytic Approximations ◽  
Frame Work

Abstract Non-topological solitons such as Q-balls and Q-shells have been studied for scalar fields invariant under global and gauged U(1) symmetries. We generalize this frame-work to include a Proca mass for the gauge boson, which can arise either from spontaneous symmetry breaking or via the Stückelberg mechanism. A heavy (light) gauge boson leads to solitons reminiscent of the global (gauged) case, but for intermediate values these Proca solitons exhibit completely novel features such as disconnected regions of viable parameter space and Q-shells with unbounded radius. We provide numerical solutions and excellent analytic approximations for both Proca Q-balls and Q-shells. These allow us to not only demonstrate the novel features numerically, but also understand and predict their origin analytically.

Twisted quantum fields in a curved space–time

1978 ◽  
Vol 362 (1710) ◽  
pp. 383-404 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Vector Bundles ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Complex Scalar ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
Product Vector ◽  
Twisted Fields

Non-trivial space–time topology leads to the possibility of twisted fields viewed as cross sections of non-product vector bundles. For globally hyperbolic space–times twisted real and complex scalar fields are especially interesting, and are in one-to-one correspondence with certain groups determined by the space–time topology. Twisted fields can be quantized and lead to results differing from the usual ones. For example, spontaneous symmetry breaking may be suppressed and regularized vacuum self-energies take on different values. Sets of twisted fields may be collected together into a type of super-multiplet whose size is determined by the space–time topology.

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