Glass capillary optics for making x-ray beams of 0.1 to 50 microns diameter

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Bilderback ◽  
Ernest Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Capillary Optics

X-ray Applications with Glass-Capillary Optics

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Bilderback ◽  
D. J. Thiel ◽  
R. Pahl ◽  
K. E. Brister
Keyword(s):  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Capillary Optics

Evaluation of Freezing Methods by Low Temperature X-Ray Diffraction

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
T. Gulik-Krzywicki ◽  
M.J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biological Materials ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Set Up

Freeze-etching electron microscopy is currently one of the best methods for studying molecular organization of biological materials. Its application, however, is still limited by our imprecise knowledge about the perturbations of the original organization which may occur during quenching and fracturing of the samples and during the replication of fractured surfaces. Although it is well known that the preservation of the molecular organization of biological materials is critically dependent on the rate of freezing of the samples, little information is presently available concerning the nature and the extent of freezing-rate dependent perturbations of the original organizations. In order to obtain this information, we have developed a method based on the comparison of x-ray diffraction patterns of samples before and after freezing, prior to fracturing and replication.Our experimental set-up is shown in Fig. 1. The sample to be quenched is placed on its holder which is then mounted on a small metal holder (O) fixed on a glass capillary (p), whose position is controlled by a micromanipulator.

An x-ray microprobe based upon a close-coupled focal-spot / glass capillary arrangement

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1758-1759
Author(s):  
D. A. Carpenter ◽  
M. A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Beam Damage

The development of intense sources of x rays has led to renewed interest in the use of microbeams of x rays in x-ray fluorescence analysis. Sparks pointed out that the use of x rays as a probe offered the advantages of high sensitivity, low detection limits, low beam damage, and large penetration depths with minimal specimen preparation or perturbation. In addition, the option of air operation provided special advantages for examination of hydrated systems or for nondestructive microanalysis of large specimens.The disadvantages of synchrotron sources prompted the development of laboratory-based instrumentation with various schemes to maximize the beam flux while maintaining small point-to-point resolution. Nichols and Ryon developed a microprobe using a rotating anode source and a modified microdiffractometer. Cross and Wherry showed that by close-coupling the x-ray source, specimen, and detector, good intensities could be obtained for beam sizes between 30 and 100μm. More importantly, both groups combined specimen scanning with modern imaging techniques for rapid element mapping.

Optimization of x-ray capillary optics for mammography

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Ross ◽  
Carla D. Bradford ◽  
Walter W. Peppler
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Capillary Optics

New Developments and Applications of X-Ray Capillary Optics

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniouar Bjeoumikhov ◽  
Semfira Bjeoumikhova ◽  
Reiner Wedell
Keyword(s):  
New Developments ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Capillary Optics

In situsmall-angle X-ray scattering characterization of X-ray-induced local heating

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 2078-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Witala ◽  
Jun Han ◽  
Andreas Menzel ◽  
Kim Nygård
Keyword(s):  
Local Heating ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Sample Container ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Synchrotron Light ◽  
Ray Scattering

It is shown that small-angle X-ray scattering from binary liquid mixtures close to the critical point of demixing can be used forin situcharacterization of beam-induced heating of liquid samples. For demonstration purposes, the proposed approach is applied on a well studied critical mixture of water and 2,6-lutidine. Given a typical incident X-ray flux at a third-generation synchrotron light source and using a 1.5 mm-diameter glass capillary as sample container, a beam-induced local temperature increase of 0.45 ± 0.10 K is observed.

Synchrotron-based spectroscopy of X-ray channeling through hollow capillary microchannels inside glass plates

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Mazuritskiy
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Capillary Surface ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Hollow Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microchannel Plates ◽  
Fluorescence Radiation ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Channeling Radiation

Here, soft X-ray synchrotron radiation transmitted through microchannel plates is studied experimentally. Fine structures of reflection and XANES SiL-edge spectra detected on the exit of silicon glass microcapillary structures under conditions of total X-ray reflection are presented and analyzed. The phenomenon of the interaction of channeling radiation with unoccupied electronic states and propagation of X-ray fluorescence excited in the microchannels is revealed. Investigations of the interaction of monochromatic radiation with the inner-shell capillary surface and propagation of fluorescence radiation through hollow glass capillary waveguides contribute to the development of novel X-ray focusing devices in the future.

A submicron synchrotron x-ray beam generated by capillary optics

1991 ◽  
Vol 302 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Engström ◽  
S. Larsson ◽  
A. Rindby ◽  
A. Buttkewitz ◽  
S. Garbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Capillary Optics
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