Fast ignitor with long range DT ion energy deposition leading to volume ignition

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich Hora ◽  
H. Azechi ◽  
S. Eliezer ◽  
Y. Kitagawa ◽  
J.-M. Martinez-Val ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Fast Ignitor ◽  
Volume Ignition

Bulk Texture and Structure Changes in Tubes of Zr Alloys due to the Long-Range Effect of Ion-Plasma Surface Treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 687-692
Author(s):  
Yuriy Perlovich ◽  
M. Grekhov ◽  
Margarita Isaenkova ◽  
Vladimir Fesenko ◽  
B. Kalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Range Effect ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Axial Texture ◽  
Ion Plasma ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Plasma Surface Treatment ◽  
Metal Materials ◽  
Low Energy Ions

Irradiation of metal materials with low-energy ions is accompanied by the long-range effect, consisting in distinct texture and structure changes at the depth, exceeding, at least, by 104 times the thickness of the layer of ion retardation. In order to ascertain mechanisms of this effect, a layer-by-layer X-ray study was carried out as applied to ion-plasma treated cladding tubes of Zr- 1%Nb alloy for nuclear reactors. Impacts of pulse treatments with helium plasma by two different regimes and the ion energy of ~ 1 keV were compared. It was found, that only by minimal surface melting the ion-plasma treatment causes unpredictable bulk texture changes, consisting in arising of the axial texture component. The melted surface layer suppresses shock waves, associated with braking of ions and supposedly responsible for stimulation of dislocation processes at long distances from the surface.

Ion Energy/Momentum Effects During Ion Assisted Growth of NbXNY Films

2002 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Klingenberg ◽  
J. D. Demaree ◽  
J. K. Hirvonen ◽  
R. Messier
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Momentum Transfer ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Film Stress ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
R Ratio

ABSTRACTIn a previous paper, it was shown that the tribological properties of NbxNy thin films produced by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) depend strongly on the beam energy and the ion-to-atom (R) ratio. This study was designed to separate ion energy vs. ion momentum effects on film stress, crystalline phase, grain size, morphology, and composition, all of which influence the tribological properties of the films. Inert ion beams (Kr, Ar, and Ne) were used in conjunction with a nitrogen gas backfill to independently control ion energy and ion momentum transfer to NbxNy films. The ion species, energies, and R ratios were chosen to create a matrix of coatings that exhibited the same total energy deposition with different momentum transfer or the same momentum transfer but different total energy deposition. The resultant films were characterized using Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and residual stress analysis. Crystalline phases and texture, as well as residual stress, were more closely correlated with ion momentum transfer to the coating atoms than with overall ion energy input.

Fast-ion energy deposition in dense plasmas with two-ion correlation effects

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 6126-6129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D’Avanzo ◽  
M. Lontano ◽  
P. F. Bortignon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Correlation Effects ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Dense Plasmas ◽  
Fast Ion

Surface Modification of Soda Glass by Recoil Ion Implantation of In2O3.

1985 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Cadien ◽  
B. B. Harbison
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Soda Glass ◽  
Glass Substrates

ABSTRACTRecoil ion implantation of In2O3 into soda glass substrates has been investigated. Increased adhesion results, while the optical and electrical properties are altered. Large energy deposition rates can lead to the reduction of the oxide, thus decreasing visible transmission. Thermal annealing in air results in the recovery of optical and electrical properties. The influence of ion energy and dose on the modification of the glass has been examined.

scholarly journals Significance of time-of-flight ion energy spectrum on energy deposition into matter by high-intensity pulsed ion beam

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Xin ◽  
X.P. Zhu ◽  
M.K. Lei
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Ion Current ◽  
Ion Energy

AbstractEnergy deposition by high-intensity pulsed ion beam into a metal target has been studied with time-of-flight (TOF) of ions which can be related to the original ion kinetic energy E0 and the ion mass with $t_{\rm TOF} \propto 1/\sqrt{2E_{0}/m_{i}}$. It is found that the TOF effect has a profound influence on the kinetic energy distribution of implanted ions and subsequent energy deposition process into the target. The HIPIB of mixed H+ and C+ was extracted from a magnetically insulated ion diode at a peak accelerating voltage of 350 kV, leading to an ion current density of 300 A/cm2 at the target. The widespread ion energy spectrum remarkably varied in shape as arriving at the target surface, from the original Gaussian-like of 80-ns duration to a pulse form of a sharp front and a long tail extending to about 140-ns duration. Energy loss of the mixed ions into a Ti target was simulated utilizing a Monte Carlo method. The energy deposition generally showed a shallowing trend and could be divided into two phases proceeded with sequent arrivals of H+ and C+. Note that, the peak value of deposited energy profile appeared at the beginning of mixed ion irradiation phase, other than the phase of firstly arrived H+ with peak kinetic energy and peak ion current. This study indicated that TOF effect of ions greatly affects the HIPIB-matter interaction with a kinetic energy spectrum of impinging ions at the target, noticeably differing from that of original output of the ion source; consequently, the specific energy deposition phenomena of the widespread ion energy can be studied with the TOF correlation of ion energy and ion current, otherwise not obtainable in common cases assuming fixed ion energy distribution in accordance with the original source output.

scholarly journals Research into the advanced experimental methods for precision ion stopping range measurements in matter

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. BAKHMETJEV ◽  
A.D. FERTMAN ◽  
A.A. GOLUBEV ◽  
A.V. KANTSYREV ◽  
V.E. LUCKJASHIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Thick Target ◽  
Solid Matter ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Ion Species ◽  
Noticeable Discrepancy

The article presents the results of the experimental research on precision measurement of total stopping range and energy deposition function of intermediate and heavy ion beams in cold solid matter. The “thick target” method proves to be appropriate for this purpose. Two types of detectors were developed which provide an error of the total stopping range measurement of less than 3% and of the beam energy deposition function of about 7%. The experiments with 58Ni+26, 197Au+65, and 238U+72 ion beams in the energy range 100–300 MeV/u were performed on SIS-18 (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt) in 1999–2001. The measured data on the total stopping ranges for the above ion species in bulk and foiled Al and Cu targets are presented. The investigation showed that there is a noticeable discrepancy between the measured stopping ranges and the theoretically predicted ones. Also, it was shown that realistic ion energy deposition depends on the type of target (bulk or foiled). Further investigation is necessary to clarify the latter.

scholarly journals Plasma electron-electron collision effects in proton self-retarding and vicinage forces

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANUEL D. BARRIGA-CARRASCO ◽  
GILLES MAYNARD
Keyword(s):  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Plasma Electron ◽  
Electron Collision ◽  
Electron Collisions ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Theoretical Results

This paper presents theoretical results for the influence of plasma electron-electron collisions in correlated proton stopping forces. First calculations of the effects of these collisions on the vicinage forces for plasma matter are shown. In particular, these effects are studied in a Te = 10 eV and n = 1023 cm−3 plasma yielding a self-retarding proton force increased more than 11% at maximum value. Also vicinage forces enhances more than 15% in the analyzed cases. All this implies that plasma electron-electron collisions play an important role both in non and correlated ion stopping and must be considered for any application of ion energy deposition in plasma matter.

Fullerene genesis by ion beams

1995 ◽  
Vol 449 (1936) ◽  
pp. 381-410 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Threshold ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Carbon Clusters ◽  
Microscopic Description ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Ion Energies ◽  
Pressure Regime ◽  
Specific Phase

Clearly detectable quantities of molecular fullerene (C 60 ), the most recently discovered allotrope of carbon, have been observed in graphite following irradiation with heavy projectile ions at energies of about 1 GeV using high pressure chromatography. Similar experiments using lower ion energies gave no corresponding signal, indicating an absence of fullerene. This clear difference suggests that there exists an energy threshold for fullerene genesis. Beginning with a microscopic description of deposition and transfer of energy from the ion to the target, a theoretical model is developed for interpretation of these and similar experiments. An important consequence is a description of the formation of large carbon clusters in the hot dense ‘primeval soup’ of single carbon atoms by means of random ‘sticky’ collisions. The ion energy threshold is seen as arising, physically, from a balance in the competition between the rate of primary energy deposition and the rate of system cooling. Rate equations for the basic clustering process allow calculation of the time-dependent number densities for the different carbon clusters produced. An important consequence of the theory is that it is established that the region for the specific phase transition from graphite to fullerene lies in the same pressure regime on the phase diagram as does the corresponding transition for graphite to diamond.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document