scholarly journals Experimental investigation of ionization front propagating in a 28 GHz gyrotron beam: Observation of plasma structure and spectroscopic measurement of gas temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 063301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniyoshi Tabata ◽  
Yuki Harada ◽  
Yusuke Nakamura ◽  
Kimiya Komurasaki ◽  
Hiroyuki Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Spectroscopic Measurement ◽  
Ionization Front ◽  
Plasma Structure ◽  
Gas Temperature

An experimental investigation and correlation on buoyant gas temperature below ceiling in a slopping tunnel fire

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 246-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H. Hu ◽  
L.F. Chen ◽  
L. Wu ◽  
Y.F. Li ◽  
J.Y. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Tunnel Fire

Experimental Investigation of Emissions from Biodiesel

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 1089-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Calay ◽  
C. Pisac
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbon

Biodiesel from waste cooking oil offers sustainable alternative to diesel. This paper presents an experimental investigation of combustion of biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil to study the characteristics of biodiesel emissions compared to diesel. The combustion of neat biodiesel and biodiesel blended in different ratios with diesel was investigated using continuous combustion rig. The temperature of combustion gases, emissions of un-burnt HC and NO for different airflow rates were evaluated. Differences in the chemical composition between biodiesel and diesel result in different mechanisms of NO and HC formation. The results provide insight into combustion and emission from biodiesel. It was observed that the combustion gas temperature (CGT), adiabatic flame temperature, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) decrease, while nitrogen oxides (NOx) increases when the proportion of biodiesel is increased in the blend. Combustion of biodiesel blends for 2% excess O2 shows the best compromise between the reduction in unburned HC and the lowest increase in NOx. It can be concluded that biodiesel made from waste cooking oil has potential to use as alternative to diesel fuel in internal combustion engine and has significant environmental benefits compare to diesel.

scholarly journals Chemical modeling of internal photon-dominated regions surrounding deeply embedded HC/UCHII regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 617 ◽  
pp. A60 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stéphan ◽  
P. Schilke ◽  
J. Le Bourlot ◽  
A. Schmiedeke ◽  
R. Choudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Massive Star ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Ionization Front ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Chemical Modeling ◽  
Synthetic Spectra ◽  
Molecular Core ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Integrated Intensities

Aims. We aim to investigate the chemistry of internal photon-dominated regions (PDRs) surrounding deeply embedded hypercompact (HC) and ultracompact (UC) HII regions. We search for specific tracers of this evolutionary stage of massive star formation that can be detected with current astronomical facilities. Methods. We modeled hot cores with embedded HC/UCHII regions (called HII region models in the article despite the fact that we do not model the HII region itself), by coupling the astrochemical code Saptarsy to a radiative transfer framework obtaining the spatio-temporal evolution of abundances as well as time-dependent synthetic spectra. In these models where we focused on the internal PDR surrounding the HII region, the gas temperature is set to the dust temperature and we do not include dynamics thus the density structure is fixed. We compared this to hot molecular core (HMC) models and studied the effect on the chemistry of the radiation field which is included in the HII region models only during the computation of abundances. In addition, we investigated the chemical evolution of the gas surrounding HII regions with models of different densities at the ionization front, different sizes of the ionized cavity and different initial abundances. Results. We obtain the time evolution of synthetic spectra for a dozen of selected species as well as ratios of their integrated intensities. We find that some molecules such as C, N2H+, CN, and HCO do not trace the inner core and so are not good tracers to distinguish the HII/PDR regions to the HMCs phase. On the contrary, C+ and O trace the internal PDRs, in the two models starting with different initial abundances, but are unfortunately currently unobservable with the current achievable spatial resolution because of the very thin internal PDR (Δ rPDR < 100 AU). The emission of these two tracers is very dependent on the size of the HII region and on the density in the PDR. In addition, we find that the abundance profiles are highly affected by the choice of the initial abundances, hence the importance to properly define them.

Experimental Investigation on Diesel Engine Using Processed Waste Engine Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1580-1584
Author(s):  
A. Zahir Hussain ◽  
Sumit Raj ◽  
R. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Waste Engine Oil ◽  
Test Engine ◽  
Standard Operating Condition ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽  
Processed Waste

An experimental investigation on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of single cylinder water cooled diesel test engine was carried out at a constant speed of 1500 rpm with processed waste engine oil. The experiments were carried out at different load conditions from no load to 110% load. To compare the results obtained the baseline readings were taken with diesel. The standard operating condition of the engine was 200 bar injection pressure and 23° before Top Dead Center (bTDC). For processed Waste Engine Oil (pWEO) fuel operation the Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) obtained at rated load point was 32.18 %. at 100 % load and pWEO gave a peak pressure of 64.46 bar compared to 66.12 bar for diesel. There was a 5 % reduction in the Nitrous Oxide (NO) emission with pWEO. Heat release rate (HRR) and exhaust gas temperature showed considerable reduction with pWEO fuel operation.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Water Droplet Heating in Humidified Air Flow

Mechanika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-441
Author(s):  
Virginijus RAMANAUSKAS ◽  
Egidijus PUIDA ◽  
Gintautas MILIAUSKAS ◽  
Linas PAUKŠTAITIS
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
Humidified Air

The droplet heat and mass transfer processes are important for liquid spraying technologies, which were investigated when applying the theoretical and numerical modelling and experimental methods. In this work, results of experimental research on the heating of water droplets in purified biofuel flue gas were presented and analyzed. In experimental investigation, the purified biofuel flue gas is replaced by additionally humidified airflow. The experiment methods and results processing are discussed and provided. Impact of air heating and additional humidification was estimated. While heating and additionally humidifying the air flow was focused on boundary conditions in condense economizers, when the flue gas temperature is 20-100°C and water vapor volume fraction is 0-0.2.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION INTO THE POSSIBILITIES OF FUNCTIONING CATALYTIC CONVERTER / KATALIZINIO DEGINIŲ NEUTRALIZATORIAUS VEIKIMO GALIMYBIŲ TYRIMAS

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
Saugirdas Pukalskas ◽  
Virginijus Švelnia ◽  
Ričardas Vėgneris
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Gas Temperature

The paper considers the principles of catalyst operations and chemical reactions proceeding within. Also, the modes used for defining the efficiency of the catalyst are reviewed. Experimental investigation has been carried out to help with assessing the efficacy of the catalyst according to the concentration of noxious fractions and differences in temperature before and behind the catalyst. Nine Otto engine vehicles have been tested. The applicable contamination level and efficiency of catalyst performance of the vehicles have been set. The conclusion reveals that flowing gas temperature within the vehicle having an effectively performing catalyst is always lower than out flowing gas temperature. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjami katalizatoriaus veikimo principai ir jame vykstančios cheminės reakcijos. Taip pat ap-žvelgiami katalizatoriaus efektyvumo nustatymo būdai. Atliktas eksperimentinis tyrimas, kuris padėjo nustatyti katalizatoriaus veikimo efektyvumą pagal išmetamosiose dujose esančių kenksmingų dalelių koncentraciją ir temperatūrų skirtumą prieš katalizatorių ir už jo. Tyrimo metu ištirti devyni Oto varikliais varomi automobiliai. Nustatytos automobiliams galiojančios taršos normos ir katalizatorių veikimo efektyvumas. Gauta, kad automobilio, kurio katalizatorius veikia efektyviai, į jį įtekančių dujų temperatūra visada yra žemesnė nei iš katalizatoriaus ištekančių dujų temperatūra.

Experimental investigation on maximum gas temperature beneath the ceiling in a branched tunnel fire

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 105997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youbo Huang ◽  
Yanfeng Li ◽  
Junmei Li ◽  
Jiaxin Li ◽  
Ke Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Tunnel Fire
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document