scholarly journals Autoionization dynamics of (2P1/2)ns/d states in krypton probed by noncollinear wave mixing with attosecond extreme ultraviolet and few-cycle near infrared pulses

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 (11) ◽  
pp. 114305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley P. Fidler ◽  
Hugo J. B. Marroux ◽  
Erika R. Warrick ◽  
Etienne Bloch ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Wave Mixing

scholarly journals Multidimensional spectroscopy with attosecond extreme ultraviolet and shaped near-infrared pulses

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. eaau3783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo J. B. Marroux ◽  
Ashley P. Fidler ◽  
Daniel M. Neumark ◽  
Stephen R. Leone
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
High Dimensionality ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Multidimensional Spectroscopy ◽  
Electronic Dynamics ◽  
Single State ◽  
Signal Field

Dynamics following excitation with attosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses arise from enormous numbers of accessible excited states, complicating the retrieval of state-specific time evolutions. We develop attosecond XUV multidimensional spectroscopy here to separate interfering pathways on a near-infrared (NIR) energy axis, retrieving single state dynamics in argon atoms in a two-dimensional (2D) XUV-NIR spectrum. In this experiment, we measure four-wave mixing signal arising from the interaction of XUV attosecond pulses centered around 15 eV with two few-cycle NIR pulses. The 2D spectrum is created by measuring the emitted XUV signal field spectrum while applying narrowband amplitude and phase modulations to one of the NIR pulses. Application of such a technique to systems of high dimensionality will provide for the observation of state-resolved pure electronic dynamics, in direct analogy to phenomena unraveled by multidimensional spectroscopies at optical frequencies.

scholarly journals Near-resonant four-wave mixing of attosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses with near-infrared pulses in neon: Detection of electronic coherences

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Cao ◽  
Erika R. Warrick ◽  
Ashley Fidler ◽  
Stephen R. Leone ◽  
Daniel M. Neumark
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Wave Mixing

scholarly journals Autoionization Dynamics of (2P1/2)ns/d States in Krypton Probed by Noncollinear Wave Mixing with Attosecond Extreme Ultraviolet and Few-Cycle Near Infrared Pulses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Fidler ◽  
Hugo Marroux ◽  
Erika Warrick ◽  
Etienne Bloch ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Rydberg States ◽  
Quantum Beat ◽  
Quantum Beats ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Simultaneous Evaluation ◽  
Electronic Dynamics

The autoionization dynamics of the (<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>)ns/d Rydberg states in krypton are investigated using wave-mixing signals generated with subfemtosecond XUV pulses and noncollinear, few-cycle NIR pulses. Despite quantum beat oscillations from the XUV-induced coherence, these wave-mixing spectra allow for the simultaneous evaluation of autoionization lifetimes from a series of Rydberg states. Experimentally measured lifetimes for the wave-mixing signals emitting from the (<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>)6d/8s, 7d/9s, and 8d/10s resonances compare favorably with lifetimes for the (<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>)6d, 7d, and 8d Rydberg states determined from spectral linewidths. Analysis of the quantum beats reveals that the enhancement of wave-mixing pathways leads to reporter state-dependent decays in the wave-mixing signals. The results demonstrate the promise of wave-mixing spectroscopies with subfemtosecond XUV pulses to provide valuable insights into processes governed by electronic dynamics.<br>

scholarly journals Autoionization Dynamics of (2P1/2)ns/d States in Krypton Probed by Noncollinear Wave Mixing with Attosecond Extreme Ultraviolet and Few-Cycle Near Infrared Pulses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Fidler ◽  
Hugo Marroux ◽  
Erika Warrick ◽  
Etienne Bloch ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Rydberg States ◽  
Quantum Beat ◽  
Quantum Beats ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Simultaneous Evaluation ◽  
Electronic Dynamics

The autoionization dynamics of the (<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>)ns/d Rydberg states in krypton are investigated using wave-mixing signals generated with subfemtosecond XUV pulses and noncollinear, few-cycle NIR pulses. Despite quantum beat oscillations from the XUV-induced coherence, these wave-mixing spectra allow for the simultaneous evaluation of autoionization lifetimes from a series of Rydberg states. Experimentally measured lifetimes for the wave-mixing signals emitting from the (<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>)6d/8s, 7d/9s, and 8d/10s resonances compare favorably with lifetimes for the (<sup>2</sup>P<sub>1/2</sub>)6d, 7d, and 8d Rydberg states determined from spectral linewidths. Analysis of the quantum beats reveals that the enhancement of wave-mixing pathways leads to reporter state-dependent decays in the wave-mixing signals. The results demonstrate the promise of wave-mixing spectroscopies with subfemtosecond XUV pulses to provide valuable insights into processes governed by electronic dynamics.<br>

scholarly journals Coherence tomography with broad bandwidth extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Skruszewicz ◽  
S. Fuchs ◽  
J. J. Abel ◽  
J. Nathanael ◽  
J. Reinhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Axial Resolution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Broad Bandwidth

AbstractWe present an overview of recent results on optical coherence tomography with the use of extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiation (XCT). XCT is a cross-sectional imaging method that has emerged as a derivative of optical coherence tomography (OCT). In contrast to OCT, which typically uses near-infrared light, XCT utilizes broad bandwidth extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft X-ray (SXR) radiation (Fuchs et al in Sci Rep 6:20658, 2016). As in OCT, XCT’s axial resolution only scales with the coherence length of the light source. Thus, an axial resolution down to the nanometer range can be achieved. This is an improvement of up to three orders of magnitude in comparison to OCT. XCT measures the reflected spectrum in a common-path interferometric setup to retrieve the axial structure of nanometer-sized samples. The technique has been demonstrated with broad bandwidth XUV/SXR radiation from synchrotron facilities and recently with compact laboratory-based laser-driven sources. Axial resolutions down to 2.2 nm have been achieved experimentally. XCT has potential applications in three-dimensional imaging of silicon-based semiconductors, lithography masks, and layered structures like XUV mirrors and solar cells.

scholarly journals A Versatile Setup for Time-Resolved Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy Based on Fast-Gated Single-Photon Avalanche Diode and on Four-Wave Mixing Laser

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Di Sieno ◽  
Alberto Dalla Mora ◽  
Alessandro Torricelli ◽  
Lorenzo Spinelli ◽  
Rebecca Re ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Diffusive Medium ◽  
Spectroscopy System

In this paper, a time-domain fast gated near-infrared spectroscopy system is presented. The system is composed of a fiber-based laser providing two pulsed sources and two fast gated detectors. The system is characterized on phantoms and was tested in vivo, showing how the gating approach can improve the contrast and contrast-to-noise-ratio for detection of absorption perturbation inside a diffusive medium, regardless of source-detector separation.

scholarly journals Phase-matched four-wave mixing in the extreme ultraviolet region

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 015901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoa Anh Tran ◽  
Khuong Ba Dinh ◽  
Peter Hannaford ◽  
Lap Van Dao
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Wave Mixing

scholarly journals Coupled Nuclear-Electronic Decay Dynamics of O2 Inner Valence Excited States Revealed by Attosecond XUV Wave-Mixing Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Cheng Lin ◽  
Ashley Fidler ◽  
Arvinder Sandhu ◽  
Robert R. Lucchese ◽  
C. William McCurdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rydberg State ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Rydberg Series ◽  
Transient Wave ◽  
Decay Channels ◽  
Vibrational Levels

Multiple Rydberg series converging to the O<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> 𝑐 <sup>4</sup>Σ<sub>𝑢</sub><sup>−</sup> state, accessed by 20-25 eV extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light, serve as important model systems for the competition between nuclear dissociation and electronic autoionization. The dynamics of the lowest member of these series, the <i>3sσg</i> state around 21 eV, has been challenging to study owing to its ultra-short lifetime (< 10 fs). Here, we apply transient wave-mixing spectroscopy with an attosecond XUV pulse to investigate the decay dynamics of this electronic state. Lifetimes of 5.8±0.5 fs and 4.5±0.7 fs at 95% confidence intervals are obtained for v=0 and v=1 vibrational levels of the 3s Rydberg state, respectively. A theoretical treatment of predissociation and electronic autoionization finds that these lifetimes are dominated by electronic autoionization. The strong dependence of the electronic autoionization rate on the internuclear distance because of two ionic decay channels that cross the <i>3s</i> Rydberg state results in the different lifetimes of the two vibrational levels. The calculated lifetimes are highly sensitive to the location of the <i>3s</i> potential with respect to the decay channels; by slight adjustment of the location, values of 6.2 and 5.0 fs are obtained computationally for the v=0 and v=1 levels, respectively, in good agreement with experiment. Overall, an intriguing picture of the coupled nuclear-electronic dynamics is revealed by attosecond XUV wave-mixing spectroscopy, indicating that the decay dynamics are not a simple competition between isolated autoionization and predissociation processes.

scholarly journals The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs

2020 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. A52
Author(s):  
B. Fuhrmeister ◽  
S. Czesla ◽  
L. Hildebrandt ◽  
E. Nagel ◽  
J. H. M. M. Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
High Energy ◽  
M Dwarfs ◽  
Dwarf Stars ◽  
Transmission Spectroscopy ◽  
Solar Type ◽  
Energy Irradiation ◽  
Planetary Transmission ◽  
M Dwarf Stars

The He I infrared (IR) triplet at 10 830 Å is known as an activity indicator in solar-type stars and has become a primary diagnostic in exoplanetary transmission spectroscopy. He I IR lines are a tracer of the stellar extreme-ultraviolet irradiation from the transition region and corona. We study the variability of the He I triplet lines in a spectral time series of 319 M dwarf stars that was obtained with the CARMENES high-resolution optical and near-infrared spectrograph at Calar Alto. We detect He I IR line variability in 18% of our sample stars, all of which show Hα in emission. Therefore, we find detectable He I variability in 78% of the sub-sample of stars with Hα emission. Detectable variability is strongly concentrated in the latest spectral sub-types, where the He I lines during quiescence are typically weak. The fraction of stars with detectable He I variation remains lower than 10% for stars earlier than M3.0 V, while it exceeds 30% for the later spectral sub-types. Flares are accompanied by particularly pronounced line variations, including strongly broadened lines with red and blue asymmetries. However, we also find evidence for enhanced He I absorption, which is potentially associated with increased high-energy irradiation levels at flare onset. Generally, He I and Hα line variations tend to be correlated, with Hα being the most sensitive indicator in terms of pseudo-equivalent width variation. This makes the He I triplet a favourable target for planetary transmission spectroscopy.

Coherent near-infrared light generation based on self-seeded parametric four-wave mixing in Rb vapor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 055207
Author(s):  
Xuewen Wang ◽  
Jinpeng Yuan ◽  
Lirong Wang ◽  
Liantuan Xiao ◽  
Suotang Jia
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Near Infrared Light ◽  
Rb Vapor ◽  
Light Generation
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