Assessment of conditions in South Bulgaria for spring crop growing using agrometeorological indices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veska Georgieva ◽  
Nadezhda Shopova ◽  
Valentin Kazandjiev
Keyword(s):  
Spring Crop

Flat-cutting loosening in the system of fallow cultivation of chernozem soil and weediness of crops

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
G. Koval ◽  
M. Kaliyevskiy ◽  
V. Yeshchenko ◽  
I. Martyniuk ◽  
N. Martyniuk
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
White Campion ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Top Soil

The article presents the results of field experiments, where on the basis of podsolized heavy loamy chernozem the influence of replacement of mouldboard ploughing with nonmouldboard cultivation over top soil weediness, weediness at the beginning and end of spring crop vegetation and weed species composition before harve sting were studied. Investigation methods of main fall ploughing under spring crops of five-course rotation: soybeans–rape–wheat–flax–barley at the depths of 15-17, 20-22, 25-27 cm were conducted after post-harvest field tillage. Analysis of data on contamination of the top soil with weed seeds have shown that with the replacement of fall main mouldboard ploughing gwith nonmouldboard cultivation the figure before sowing of all crops withdifferent tillage depthat crop rotation average increased by 131-132%. It caused the increase of actual weed infestation of all crops and at the beginning and end of spring crop vegetationafter different depths of fall nonmouldboard cultivation compared with ploughing at crop rotation average it was 120–132 and 123-138%respectively. Species composition of weeds afterthe replacement of main fall mouldboard ploughing with nonmouldboard cultivation remained mainlyunchanged; although in rape plantings the proportion of white campion and early spring weed sincreased, in wheat plantings– wild mustard andscentless mayweed, insoybean plantings– late spring weeds, in flax plantings– white campion, and in barley plantings– scarlet pimpernel.

scholarly journals Testing variety of cucumber F1 Ciborg, F1 Bavarets in LIT crop culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
D. A. Fedorov ◽  
V. D. Bogdanova ◽  
Yu. G. Filtsyna ◽  
M. V. Vorobyev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
Winter Crop ◽  
Size Type ◽  
Winter Time ◽  
High Level

Relevance. The most popular cucumber in Russia is pickling type (lenght 10-12 cm). There are not a lot of varieties this type cucumber for high wire and LIT crop in Russian seeds market.Methods. Were tested russian varieties F1 Ciborg, F1 Bavarets (Gavrish company) in compare F1 Bjorn (Enza Zaden, Netherlands) – the most popular in Russia now. Russian customer prefer pickling type because of traditional Russian cuisine. Prices of pickling type cucumber at autumn-winter time in 1-1.5 times more than middle size type cucumber. We had artificial light 240 Wt/sq.m, sodium lamps, our substrate was rockwool – Belagro (company from Belarusian republic). This rockwool have normal quality for short crop (3-4 month for growing cucumber), our plant density 2.76 plant/sq.m it was optimal for our light conditions (natural light in our region and artificial light).Results. Fourteen days after we put plants on slabs we had problems with plants of both russian varieties (F1 Ciborg and F1 Bavarets). We saw yellow parts in leaves, decrease length of stems, lost flowers. We made a decision about too high level of artificial light. We had only one opportunity for decrease it switch off 50% of lamps. We made it and we had 120 Wt/sq.m that. Therefore, we spent 50% less electricity for russian varieties. We think varieties F1 Ciborg and F1 Bavarets not very good for winter crop and we had good results because in our situation we have winter-spring crop, and every day the part of artificial light decrease and the part of natural light increase. F1 Ciborg had a problem with CGMMV and was deleted in 24th week of 2020. But we suppose it depend from a lot of conditions: quality of labor, protection plants. We think it is necessary more additional research. Total yield (for ten weeks of harvesting in winter-spring crop) F1 Bavarets – 32.4 kg/sq.m., F1 Ciborg – 31.9 kg/sq.m more then had F1 Bjorn – 28.9 kg/sq.m. The best marketable condition was F1 Ciborg, the second F1 Bjorn.

Foliar Sprays to Control European Corn Borer in Spring and Fall Peppers, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-120
Author(s):  
John Speese ◽  
Brian A. Nault
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Crop Harvest ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Plant Basis

Abstract Peppers were transplanted on 23 May (spring crop) and 1 Aug (fall crop) at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 20-ft-rows with 3-ft spacing between rows. Plots were separated from each other by an untreated guard row. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a RCBD for both plantings. Sprays were applied with a propane-powered backpack sprayer using 6 flat-fan nozzles/2 rows and delivering 46 gal of spray/acre at 40 psi. Latron CS-7 was used with each application at 0.12% vol./vol. Weekly applications were made on both crops beginning when fruit was ≥2 inches in diameter. The spring crop was sprayed from 31 Jul-10 Sep (6 sprays), and the fall crop was sprayed from 17 Sep-8 Oct (4 sprays). To evaluate efficacy of the treatments, the market-sized fruit was harvested from the most uniform row and examined for ECB damage. The number and weight of undamaged (marketable) fruit, and the number of ECB damaged fruit, were recorded for each crop. Harvest dates are indicated in the tables. Plant stand counts were taken in all harvested rows, and yields and % damaged fruit were adjusted to a per plant basis.

Economics of Alternative No-Till Spring Crop Rotations in Washington's Wheat–Fallow Region

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis A. Juergens ◽  
Douglas L. Young ◽  
William F. Schillinger ◽  
Herbert R. Hinman
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
No Till

scholarly journals Research of oil polluted soil and vegetation cover grown in laboratory by hyperspectral remote sensing method using the ASD FieldSpec 3FR Spectroradiometer

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-29
Author(s):  
Galina Zholobak ◽  
Stanislav Dugin ◽  
Oksana Sybirtseva ◽  
Yelizaveta Dorofey
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing ◽  
Additional Dose ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
Spring Cereals

The development of oil extraction and refining industry causes the environment pollution primarily the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The vegetation and soils as the components of terrestrial ecosystems expose to oil pollution especially. The research of oil-polluted soil and vegetation cover grown in laboratory by hyperspectral remote sensing method using the ASD FieldSpec® 3FR spectroradiometer is performed. The vegetation cover of spring cereals (wheat, barley, and corn) is formed by the growing in the containers with soil. The hyperspectral vegetation indices together with the reflectance in the red edge of spectrum (ТСІ, GrNDVI and REP) are the higher values for corn cover in comparison with the different spring small grain cereals. The additional dose of oil applied in the polluted soils from the Staryi Sambir oil deposit induces the reduction in the values of above-mentioned vegetation indices for the every spring crop of interest. The research of oil-polluted soil and vegetation cover grown in laboratory by hyperspectral remote sensing method using the ASD FieldSpec 3FR spectroradiometer is performed. The vegetation cover of spring cereals (wheat, barley, and corn) is formed by the growing in the containers with the different soils. The hyperspectral vegetation indices together with the reflectance in the red edge of spectrum (ТСІ, GrNDVI and REP) are the higher values for corn cover in comparison with the different spring small grain cereals. The additional dose of oil applied in the polluted soils from the Staryi Sambir oil deposit induces the reduction in the values of above-mentioned vegetation indices for the every spring crop of interest. Accumulated GrNDVI values for the corn and TCI for the corn and spring barley are similar to the laboratory chlorophyll content in these crops (according to the ratio of cultivation substrates). The further remote study of oil polluted soils and their influence on vegetation demands to improve the spectral measurements using satellite image data.

scholarly journals Survival and Yields of Fall-planted Winter Sprouting Broccoli Grown in High Tunnels for Spring Harvest in the Northeastern United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifton A. Martin ◽  
Rebecca Grube Sideman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Spring Harvest ◽  
White Star

Winter sprouting broccoli [WSB (Brassica oleracea var. italica)] is a biennial crop that is typically planted in the fall and harvested in the spring in the United Kingdom. To evaluate their suitability as an early spring crop in the northeastern United States, 10 cultivars of WSB were grown in replicated experiments inside an unheated high tunnel over 2 years in Durham, NH. Results showed that the use of a secondary low tunnel covered with heavy rowcover (1.25 oz/yard2) significantly increased winter survival, yields, and earliness of all WSB cultivars. Cultivars differed in terms of days to maturity, yields, and shoot quality. For September planting dates, broccoli shoots were harvested from March to early May. Across cultivars, days to harvest range from 190 to 216 days in 2008–09, and from 209 to 238 days in 2009–10. Season-long yields ranged from 150 to 238 g/plant. The cultivars, Santee, Red Spear, White Sprouting Early, and Late White Star, were among the highest yielding cultivars that produced attractive and tender shoots, spanning the entire harvest season. Our experiments established that fall plantings of WSB may be overwintered in an unheated high tunnel for a spring harvest in USDA Hardiness Zone 5 sites.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE CHANGE OF CLIMATE INDICATORS ON AGRICULTURAL YIELDS IN SON LA

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
Nguyen The Hung ◽  
Nguyen Huu Quyen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
Crops Yield ◽  
Summer Crop

Due to climate change, the agro-climatic indicators in Son La province has changed in the following trends: (i) the total heat in the Winter - Spring crop and the Summer crop as well as the total annual heat have increased; (ii) The amount of time in a year with temperature below 20 degrees has shortened; the amount of time in a year with temperatures above 25 degrees has lengthened; (iii) the absolute minimum temperature tends to increase rapidly; (iv) the rainfall in Winter - Spring crop has increased slightly whereas the season rainfall and total annual rainfall tend to decrease. The climatic factors in Son La province obviously affect rice yield in the Winter - Spring crop, the Summer crop as well as corn and soybeans. However, compared with other crops, soybean yield is less related to climatic factors. There are major differences in climate characteristics between the high and the low crops yield year. However, these differences depend on the type of the crop and the harvest season.

scholarly journals Effects of seeding density and nitrogen fertilizer level on growth and yield of MT10 rice in Ninh Thuan

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Tieu V. Phan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The experiment was conducted to determine seeding density and nitrogen fertilizer doses for the MT10 rice variety grown in the winter-spring crop 2015/2016 and the Summer-Autumn crop 2016 in Ninh Thuan. Both experiments were established using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The seeding density experiment was performed in winter-spring season 2015/2016, including density levels of 120, 160, 200 and 250 kg/ha. The nitrogen fertilizer dosage experiment was organized in summer 2016, including 4 levels of 100, 120, 140 and 160 kg N/ha. Other non-experimental elements were identical. The results showed that the highest yield and economic efficiency were for the treatments of 200 kg seed/ha with a nitrogen fertilizer dose of 140 kg N/ha.

scholarly journals Temporal dynamics and management of downy mildew on the table grape ‘BRS Vitória’ in northern Paraná

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Carolina Bertuzzi Pereira ◽  
Dauri José Tessmann ◽  
Rosangela Getirana Santana ◽  
Rodrigo Iván Contreras-Soto ◽  
Reginaldo Teodoro de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Spring Crop ◽  
Seedless Grape

Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is a major disease of grapes in Paraná State, Brazil and other wine-producing regions. The seedless table grape ‘BRS Vitória’ stands out for its tolerance to this disease and is a viable alternative to reduce fungicide applications. The objectives of this study were to analyze the influence of weather-related factors, such as temperature and rainfall on disease progress and to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide spray programs for controlling downy mildew of grapes during the summer-fall and winter-spring crop seasons in northern Paraná, Brazil. Field trials were conducted in Marialva, Paraná, during the winter-spring crop seasons (August to December) in 2013 and 2014 and the summer-fall crop seasons (January to May) in 2014 and 2015. The experimental design used was completely randomized with repeated measurements over the phenological periods, with five treatments and 10 replicates. The following treatments were compared: (1) conventional, in which fungicides were applied according to conventional standards; (2) preventive fungicide sprays every seven days; (3) preventive fungicide sprays every 14 days; (4) fungicide sprays after observing the first downy mildew symptoms; and (5) no fungicide sprays. In the conventional fungicide program, sprays were performed two or three times per week. Treatments 2 and 3 received sprayings between the start of branch budding and fruit ripening. In treatment 4, sprays started from the first occurrence of oil spot symptoms, and then, the applications were spaced every seven days until fruit ripening. The severity of disease was evaluated weekly. The disease was severe only in the 2014 and 2015 summer-fall crop seasons, reaching a maximum severity of 17.3% and 21.3% of the leaf area, respectively. The highest disease severity in the summer-fall crop seasons was associated with higher frequencies of rainy days and higher temperatures. Disease severity in conventional treatments did not differ from severity in treatments with sprayings made every seven and 14 days during the summer-fall crops in both years. Severity index on bunches were not observed for the evaluated trials. The seedless grape ‘BRS Vitória’ is less dependent on the use of fungicides to control downy mildew in northern Paraná.

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