scholarly journals Thermoforming – determining temperature profiles across sheet thickness by pyrometric measurements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Neubig ◽  
Christian Bonten
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Temperature Profiles

Calculation of the Temperature and Extent of Reaction during the Vulcanization of Powdered Rubber

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Accetta ◽  
J. M. Vergnaud
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Mold Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Heat Of Reaction ◽  
Cure Reaction ◽  
Powdered Rubber

Abstract Although vulcanization is a complex series of reactions, the overall result for heat of reaction could be described by an Arrhenius equation and a single activation energy. The activation energy for the vulcanization of powdered rubber recovered from tires was about 106 kJ/mole and the rate of reaction was described by a first-order reaction. With the kinetic parameters determined for the curing reaction by DC, the temperature profiles in rubber sheets were calculated. A numerical method of Dusinberre's generalization was an explicit incremental method applied to one-dimensional conduction and took into account the internal generation of heat due to the cure reaction and the heat transfer through the mold-rubber interface. The last problem was resolved by considering the fact that there was the same heat transfer rate on each part of the interface. This method proved to be as accurate as the implicit Grank Nicholson method, and its great advantage over the latter was that this explicit method needed only a small and inexpensive computer. Experiments pointed out the effect of several parameters on temperature profiles and midplane temperature for rubber sheets. Thus, the sheet thickness, mold temperature, initial rubber temperature, and a single two-step programming of mold temperature were considered. Some importance was given to possible applications. The determination of the time necessary for the midplane temperature to reach particular values such as the mold temperature or its maximum value. It is worth mentioning that our method allowed us to correlate the extent of reaction with the time and, therefore, to predict the time necessary for the extent of the reaction to reach a suitable value with a specified quality of vulcanizate for given operating conditions.

scholarly journals Inferring geothermal heat flux from an ice-borehole temperature profile at Law Dome, East Antarctica

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (257) ◽  
pp. 509-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mony ◽  
Jason L. Roberts ◽  
Jacqueline A. Halpin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
Borehole Temperature

AbstractGeothermal heat flux (GHF) is an important control on the dynamics of Antarctica's ice sheet because it controls basal melt and internal deformation. However, it is hard to estimate because of a lack of in-situ measurements. Estimating GHF from ice-borehole temperature profiles is possible by combining a heat-transfer equation and the physical properties of the ice sheet in a numerical model. In this study, we truncate ice-borehole temperature profiles to determine the minimum ratio of temperature profile depth to ice-sheet thickness required to produce acceptable GHF estimations. For Law Dome, a temperature profile that is within 60% of the local ice thickness is sufficient for an estimation that is within approximately one median absolute deviation of the whole-profile GHF estimation. This result is compared with the temperature profiles at Dome Fuji and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet divide which require a temperature profile that is 80% and more than 91% of the ice thickness, respectively, for comparable accuracy. In deriving GHF median estimations from truncated temperature profiles, it is possible to discriminate between available GHF models. This is valuable for assessing and constraining future GHF models.

DETERMINATION OF LIGHT SHEET THICKNESS IN PIV

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud F. Maghrebi ◽  
Kiyosi Kawanisi ◽  
Shoitiro Yokosi
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Light Sheet

Tire Bead Overheating in Urban Buses and Trucks Using Drum Brake Systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
A. L. A. Costa ◽  
M. Natalini ◽  
M. F. Inglese ◽  
O. A. M. Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Experimental Temperature ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Drum Brake ◽  
Fea Model

Abstract Because the structural integrity of brake systems and tires can be related to the temperature, this work proposes a transient heat transfer finite element analysis (FEA) model to study the overheating in drum brake systems used in trucks and urban buses. To understand the mechanics of overheating, some constructive variants have been modeled regarding the assemblage: brake, rims, and tires. The model simultaneously studies the thermal energy generated by brakes and tires and how the heat is transferred and dissipated by conduction, convection, and radiation. The simulated FEA data and the experimental temperature profiles measured with thermocouples have been compared giving good correlation.

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