scholarly journals Emission spectroscopy for monitoring condensed carbon in detonation products of oxygen-deficient high explosives

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Poeuf ◽  
G. Baudin ◽  
M. Genetier ◽  
A. Lefrançois ◽  
L. Jacquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
High Explosives ◽  
Condensed Carbon

scholarly journals Elongated conductive structures in detonation soot of high explosives

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (30) ◽  
pp. 17620-17626
Author(s):  
Nataliya P. Satonkina ◽  
Alexander P. Ershov ◽  
Alexey O. Kashkarov ◽  
Ivan A. Rubtsov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
High Explosives ◽  
Transmission Electron

Micrographs of transmission electron microscopy of saved detonation products of benzotrifuroxane at different scales.

Energy output of insensitive high explosives by measuring the detonation products

1992 ◽  
Vol 339 (1654) ◽  
pp. 335-343
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Carbon Residue ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
High Explosives ◽  
Gaseous Reaction ◽  
Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine ◽  
Detonation Reaction

The detonation products of high explosives are dependent on pressure and also on the confinement under which the detonation reaction proceeds. To determine the detonation products of less sensitive high explosives such as trinitrotoluene/ nitroguanidine and polymer bonded explosive charges with polybutadiene binder containing cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, together with or without aluminium, experiments have been performed in a stainless steel chamber of a volume of 1.5 m 3 . These experiments were done under different ambient argon pressures up to 0.3 MPa. Gaseous reaction products were analysed by mass spectrometry and chemiluminescence analysis. Solid reaction products were analysed for measuring the carbon residue or unreacted aluminium. It was found that the detonation products were highly dependent on the ambient pressure of argon. The most important changes of the reaction products and therefore also of the energy output were found between vacuum and atmospheric pressure of argon. With increasing pressure, H 2 and CO decrease and CO 2 , H 2 , C 8 , NH 3 , HCN and CH 4 increase together with the reaction enthalpy. By analysing the physical structure of the carbon residue, diamonds have been observed between 4 and 7 nm in diameter.

scholarly journals Determination of detonation products equation of state from cylinder test: Analytical model and numerical analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Elek ◽  
Vesna Dzingalasevic ◽  
Slobodan Jaramaz ◽  
Dejan Mickovic
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
High Explosives ◽  
Cylinder Test ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Numerical Finite Element ◽  
Abaqus Model

Contemporary research in the field of explosive applications implies utilization of hydrocode simulations. Validity of these simulations strongly depends on parameters used in the equation of state for high explosives considered. A new analytical model for determination of Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state parameters based on the cylinder test is proposed. The model relies on analysis of the metal cylinder expansion by detonation products. Available cylinder test data for five high explosives are used for the calculation of JWL parameters. Good agreement between results of the model and the literature data is observed, justifying the suggested analytical approach. Numerical finite element model of the cylinder test is created in Abaqus in order to validate the proposed model. Using the analytical model results as the input, it was shown that numerical simulation of the cylinder test accurately reproduces experimental results for all considered high explosives. Therefore, both the analytical method for calculation of JWL equation of state parameters and numerical Abaqus model of the cylinder test are validated.

scholarly journals Detonation in Shocked Homogeneous High Explosives

1995 ◽  
Vol 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Yoo ◽  
N. C. Holmes ◽  
P. C. Souers
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
High Explosives ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Thermochemical Equilibrium ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Equilibrium Calculations

AbstractWe have studied shock-induced changes in homogeneous high explosives including nitromethane, tetranitromethane, and single crystals of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) by using fast time-resolved emission and Raman spectroscopy at a two-stage light-gas gun. The results reveal three distinct steps during which the homogeneous explosives chemically evolve to final detonation products. These are i) the initiation of shock compressed high explosives after an induction period, ii) thermal explosion of shock-compressed and/or reacting materials, and iii) a decay to a steady-state representing a transition to the detonation of uncompressed high explosives. Based on a gray-body approximation, we have obtained the CJ temperatures: 3800 K for nitromethane, 2950 K for tetranitromethane, and 4100 K for PETN. We compare the data with various thermochemical equilibrium calculations. In this paper we will also show a preliminary result of single-shot time-resolved Raman spectroscopy applied to shock-compressed nitromethane.

scholarly journals Review on the exploration of condensed carbon formation mechanism in detonation products

AIP Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 050701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Liu ◽  
Yingliang Duan ◽  
Honghao Ma ◽  
Xinping Long ◽  
Yong Han
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Formation ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
Condensed Carbon

scholarly journals Erratum: “Review on the exploration of condensed carbon formation mechanism in detonation products” [AIP Advances 10, 050701 (2020)]

AIP Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 079901
Author(s):  
Qin Liu ◽  
Yingliang Duan ◽  
Honghao Ma ◽  
Xinping Long ◽  
Yong Han
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Formation ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
Condensed Carbon
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