Brownian ensemble of random-radius buoyancy vortices and Maxwell velocity distribution in a turbulent convective mixed-layer

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 095103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Vulfson ◽  
O. O. Borodin
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Convective Mixed Layer ◽  
Maxwell Velocity Distribution

An Observational Study of Wind Profiles in the Baroclinic Convective Mixed Layer

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret a. Lemone ◽  
Mingyu Zhou ◽  
Chin-Hoh Moeng ◽  
Donald H. Lenschow ◽  
L. Jay Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Convective Mixed Layer ◽  
Wind Profiles

Turbulence in an oceanic convective mixed layer

Nature ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 310 (5975) ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Shay ◽  
Michael C. Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Convective Mixed Layer

scholarly journals Turbulence in an oceanic convective mixed layer—Corrigendum

Nature ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 311 (5981) ◽  
pp. 84-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Shay ◽  
M. C. Greg
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Convective Mixed Layer

scholarly journals Investigating microscale patchiness of motile microbes driven by the interaction of turbulence and gyrotaxis in a 3D simulated convective mixed layer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Christensen ◽  
Matthew Piggott ◽  
Erik van Sebille ◽  
Maarten van Reeuwijk ◽  
Samraat Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Fluid Surface ◽  
Convective Mixed Layer

Abstract Microbes play a primary role in aquatic ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles. Spatial patchiness is a critical factor underlying these activities, influencing biological productivity, nutrient cycling and dynamics across trophic levels. Incorporating spatial dynamics into microbial models is a long-standing challenge, particularly where small-scale turbulence is involved. Here, we combine a fully 3D direct numerical simulation of convective mixed layer turbulence, with an individual-based microbial model to test the key hypothesis that the coupling of gyrotactic motility and turbulence drives intense microscale patchiness. The fluid model simulates turbulent convection caused by heat loss through the fluid surface, for example during the night, during autumnal or winter cooling or during a cold-air outbreak. We find that under such conditions, turbulence-driven patchiness is depth-structured and requires high motility: Near the fluid surface, intense convective turbulence overpowers motility, homogenising motile and non-motile microbes approximately equally. At greater depth, in conditions analogous to a thermocline, highly motile microbes can be over twice as patch-concentrated as non-motile microbes, and can substantially amplify their swimming velocity by efficiently exploiting fast-moving packets of fluid. Our results substantiate the predictions of earlier studies, and demonstrate that turbulence-driven patchiness is not a ubiquitous consequence of motility but rather a delicate balance of motility and turbulent intensity.

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