Growth of 4-methylbenzophenone (4MB) single crystals by Czochralski method and its structural, mechanical and optical characterization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ramachandran ◽  
P. Vijayakumar ◽  
A. Raja ◽  
Muthu Senthil Pandian ◽  
P. Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Czochralski Method ◽  
Optical Characterization

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Difficulties of Growing Large-Size Bulk β-Ga2O3 Single Crystals with the Czochralski Method

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Xia Tang ◽  
Botao Liu ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Sheng Liu ◽  
Bing Gao
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Czochralski Method ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Spiral Growth ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Crystal Diameter ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

The difficulties in growing large-size bulk β-Ga2O3 single crystals with the Czochralski method were numerically analyzed. The flow and temperature fields for crystals that were four and six inches in diameter were studied. When the crystal diameter is large and the crucible space becomes small, the flow field near the crystal edge becomes poorly controlled, which results in an unreasonable temperature field, which makes the interface velocity very sensitive to the phase boundary shape. The effect of seed rotation with increasing crystal diameter was also studied. With the increase in crystal diameter, the effect of seed rotation causes more uneven temperature distribution. The difficulty of growing large-size bulk β-Ga2O3 single crystals with the Czochralski method is caused by spiral growth. By using dynamic mesh technology to update the crystal growth interface, the calculation results show that the solid–liquid interface of the four-inch crystal is slightly convex and the center is slightly concave. With the increase of crystal growth time, the symmetry of cylindrical crystal will be broken, which will lead to spiral growth. The numerical results of the six-inch crystal show that the whole solid–liquid interface is concave and unstable, which is not conducive to crystal growth.

Optical characterization of Pr3+-doped yttria-stabilized zirconia single crystals

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 5856-5865 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Savoini ◽  
J. E. Muñoz Santiuste ◽  
R. González
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Optical Characterization ◽  
Yttria Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia

Growth of nearly perfect alkali halide single crystals by Czochralski method and their characterisation

1982 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishan Lal ◽  
R.V.Anantha Murthy ◽  
S.K. Halder ◽  
Bhanu Pratap Singh ◽  
Vijay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Alkali Halide ◽  
Czochralski Method

Growth and characterization of large-size bismuth germanate single crystals by low thermal gradient Czochralski method

1999 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V Anantha Murthy ◽  
M Ravikumar ◽  
A Choubey ◽  
Krishan Lal ◽  
Lyudmila Kharachenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Czochralski Method ◽  
Bismuth Germanate ◽  
Large Size

Study of effect of thermal annealing on crystalline perfection of bismuth germanate single crystals grown by low thermal gradient Czochralski method

2002 ◽  
Vol 217 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Choubey ◽  
G. Bhagavannarayana ◽  
Yu. V. Shubin ◽  
B. R. Chakraborty ◽  
K. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Czochralski Method ◽  
Bismuth Germanate ◽  
Crystalline Perfection

AbstractBismuth germanate single crystals containing low angle and

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