Design and characterization of an electromagnetic probe for distinguishing morphological differences in soft tissues

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 084302 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Jones ◽  
J. Javor ◽  
E. K. Sequin ◽  
J. D. West ◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Electromagnetic Probe ◽  
Morphological Differences

Design and validation of a modular micro-robotic system for the mechanical characterization of soft tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Acuna ◽  
Julian M. Jimenez ◽  
Naomi Deneke ◽  
Sean M. Rothenberger ◽  
Sarah Libring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Robotic System

Between- and within-breed morphological variability in Moroccan sheep breeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Boujenane ◽  
D. Petit
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
High Association ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Morphological Differences

SummaryThe objective of this study was a morphological characterization of five Moroccan sheep breeds (Béni Guil, Boujaâd, D'man, Sardi and Timahdite) to assess between- and within-breed variability using multivariate analyses. Fourteen morphological measurements were collected on 876 adult animals of both sexes in 98 different flocks located in 22 geographic localities of five breeds. The multiple analysis of variance revealed that significant morphological differences existed between breeds. The overall proportion of total variance due to between-breed component was 28.3 percent. The factor analysis revealed three factors accounting for 50.1, 11.8 and 7.54 percent of total variance. The first factor had high loadings for variables relating to body size, whilst the second factor had high association with traits reflecting tail length and ear size. The third factor had high loadings for wool trait. The squared Mahalanobis distance between the five sheep breeds were highly significant (P< 0.001). The largest morphological divergence was shown between Béni Guil and Sardi breeds (23.5) and the smallest one was between Boujaâd and Sardi breeds (3.54). The discriminant functions clearly discriminated and assigned 94.4 percent of Béni Guil, 79.7 of Boujaâd, 88.5 percent of D'man, 86.7 of Sardi and 80.1 percent of Timahdite sheep into their breed of origin. Overall morphological differences observed within-breeds were due for 18.1 percent to geographic locality and for 20.7 percent to flock management. It was concluded that the information reported in this study will be the basis for the establishment of characterization and selection strategies for Moroccan sheep.

Manufacturing and Characterization of Nanostructures Using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy with Diamond Tip

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 14-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Lysenko ◽  
Vladimir I. Grushko ◽  
Sergey N. Dub ◽  
Eugene I. Mitskevich ◽  
Nikolay V. Novikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Electromagnetic Probe ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Selection Of

Nanoscale experiments with diamond tip that include processing, visualization and tunneling spectroscopy of the surface are presented. Single crystal diamond synthesized by the temperature gradient method under high pressure–high temperature (HPHT) conditions is proposed as a multifunctional tip for scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Sequence of the procedures covering growing crystals with predetermined physical properties, selection of the synthesized crystals with the desired habit and their precise shaping have been developed. The original STM’s peculiarity is the electromagnetic probe-to-surface load measuring system. The results of fabrication and characterization of nanostructures for nanoelectronics, data storages and biology are demonstrated and discussed.

Thumb Injuries and Instabilities. Part 2: Spectrum of Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Alain G. Blum ◽  
Marnix T. van Holsbeeck ◽  
Stefano Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ligament Injuries ◽  
First Line ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Line Imaging

AbstractThe motor function of the thumb and its alignment with regard to the hand make it particularly vulnerable to trauma. Pathology encountered in this joint is varied, and imaging techniques play a crucial role in the diagnosis and characterization of injury. Despite advances in imaging technology, acute thumb injuries remain a challenge for radiologists. Currently, standard radiography and ultrasonography are frequently used first-line imaging techniques. Computed tomography is most often indicated for complex fractures and dislocations. Magnetic resonance imaging may be used to optimally characterize soft tissues and bone marrow. In this article, we cover the most common traumatic injuries: fractures, dislocations, collateral ligament injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint, as well as soft tissue lesions.

A NEW PARAMETER ESTIMATION METHOD FOR ONLINE SOFT TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (08) ◽  
pp. 1640019 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAEHYUN SHIN ◽  
YONGMIN ZHONG ◽  
JULIAN SMITH ◽  
CHENGFAN GU
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Unscented Kalman Filter ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Non Linear

Dynamic soft tissue characterization is of importance to robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery. The traditional linear regression method is unsuited to handle the non-linear Hunt–Crossley (HC) model and its linearization process involves a linearization error. This paper presents a new non-linear estimation method for dynamic characterization of mechanical properties of soft tissues. In order to deal with non-linear and dynamic conditions involved in soft tissue characterization, this method improves the non-linearity and dynamics of the HC model by treating parameter [Formula: see text] as independent variable. Based on this, an unscented Kalman filter is developed for online estimation of soft tissue parameters. Simulations and comparison analysis demonstrate that the proposed method is able to estimate mechanical parameters for both homogeneous tissues and heterogeneous and multi-layer tissues, and the achieved performance is much better than that of the linear regression method.

scholarly journals Characterization of the genetic architecture underlying eye size variation within Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Gaspar ◽  
Saad Arif ◽  
Lauren Sumner-Rooney ◽  
Maike Kittelmann ◽  
Andrew J. Bodey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Eye Size ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Insect Eye

AbstractThe compound eyes of insects exhibit striking variation in size, reflecting adaptation to different lifestyles and habitats. However, the genetic and developmental bases of variation in insect eye size is poorly understood, which limits our understanding of how these important morphological differences evolve. To address this, we further explored natural variation in eye size within and between four species of the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup. We found extensive variation in eye size among these species, and flies with larger eyes generally had a shorter inter-ocular distance and vice versa. We then carried out quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of intra-specific variation in eye size and inter-ocular distance in both D. melanogaster and D. simulans. This revealed that different genomic regions underlie variation in eye size and inter-ocular distance in both species, which we corroborated by introgression mapping in D. simulans. This suggests that although there is a trade-off between eye size and inter-ocular distance, variation in these two traits is likely to be caused by different genes and so can be genetically decoupled. Finally, although we detected QTL for intra-specific variation in eye size at similar positions in D. melanogaster and D. simulans, we observed differences in eye fate commitment between strains of these two species. This indicates that different developmental mechanisms and therefore, most likely, different genes contribute to eye size variation in these species. Taken together with the results of previous studies, our findings suggest that the gene regulatory network that specifies eye size has evolved at multiple genetic nodes to give rise to natural variation in this trait within and among species.

Morphological differences in lower facial third soft tissues in children with and without gingival smile: A cross-sectional comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e12364
Author(s):  
Oscar Zapata-Noreña ◽  
Diana M. Barbosa-Lis ◽  
Lucia V. Bernal ◽  
Laura C. Tamayo ◽  
Juliana Bustamante
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Morphological Differences

Morphological and molecular characterization of two species of Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from Mexico: G. nayaritense sp. nov. and the new record of G. sanyaense

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 527 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
NATALY QUIROZ-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
MA. EDITH PONCE-MÁRQUEZ ◽  
NORMA LÓPEZ-GÓMEZ ◽  
DENÍ RODRÍGUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
First Time

Gelidium pusillum is a species reported from the northern Gulf of California to the tropical region of the Mexican Pacific, but there is wide morphological variation among populations. The objective of this research was to evaluate of the Mexican species using morphological and molecular approaches, with the markers rbcL and COI-5P. This study examined 12 samples from four sites in the Mexican tropical Pacific. Phylogenetic analyses resolved these specimens within two clades separated from the topotype material of G. pusillum. The main morphological differences with other Mexican and phylogenetic closely related species were size, branching pattern, branching order, distribution of internal rhizoidal filaments, and shape of the tetrasporangial sori. The sequence divergences between these clades and the morphological differences support their representing distinct species so that Gelidium nayaritense sp. nov. is proposed for tropical specimens of the Mexican Pacific, whose diagnostic characteristics are the little or absent branching, its small size, as well as the presence of internal rhizoidal filaments concentrated in the subcortex, further G. sanyaense is register for first time from Mexico and Eastern Pacific.

Identification of Papilloma-Like Virus Particles in Cell Lines Derived from Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia Mydas) With Fibropapilloma

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1158-1159
Author(s):  
Yuanan Lu ◽  
Vivek R. Nerurkar ◽  
Tina M. Weatherby ◽  
Richard Yanagihara
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Green Sea Turtle ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Green Sea Turtles ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

The near epidemic occurrence of fibropapilloma in green sea turtle (Chelonia my das) (Figure 1) significantly threatens the survival of this species which is protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Although collective evidence suggests a viral etiology, the causative virus of green sea turtle fibropapilloma has not been isolated. To facilitate the isolation and characterization of the causative virus(es), we established 13 cell lines from multiple organs/tissues (tumor, kidney, lung, heart, gall bladder, testis, and skin) of green sea turtles with fibropapilloma. Serial subcultivation of cell lines derived from lungs, testis, eye soft tissues and tumors resulted in the formation of tumor-like aggregates, which attained sizes of 1-2 mm in diameter within two weeks (Figure 2). Media from such cultures, when inoculated onto cells derived from healthy turtle embryos, produced similar tumor-like aggregates, suggesting the presence of a transmissible agent.

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