Three-dimensional imaging of absolute blood flow velocity and blood vessel position under low blood flow velocity based on Doppler signal information included in scattered light from red blood cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (19) ◽  
pp. 194701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Kyoden ◽  
Shunsuke Akiguchi ◽  
Tomoki Tajiri ◽  
Tsugunobu Andoh ◽  
Tadashi Hachiga
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Doppler Signal ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging

Three Dimensional Simulation of Blood Flow in the Small Arteries of a Truncated Vascular System With Three Levels of Bifurcation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Kahveci ◽  
Bryan R. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Small Arteries

Three dimensional blood flow in a truncated vascular system is investigated numerically using a commercially available finite element analysis and simulation software. The vascular system considered in this study has three levels of symmetric bifurcation. Geometric parameters for daughter vessels, such as their diameters and their angles of bifurcation, are specified according to Murray’s law based on the principle of minimum work. The ratio of blood vessel length to diameter is based upon experimental data found in the literature. An experimentally obtained velocity profile, available in the literature, is used as the inlet boundary condition. An outflow boundary model, consisting of a contraction tube to represent the pressure drop of the small arteries, arterioles, and capillaries that would follow the truncated vascular system, is used to specify the boundary condition at the eight outlets. The results show that although the blood flow velocity experiences a sudden decrease after the bifurcation points due to the higher total cross-sectional area of the daughter vessels as compared to the parent vessel, this decrease in velocity is partially recovered due to the tapering of the blood vessels as they approach the next bifurcation point. The results also show that the secondary flow which is typical after the bifurcation of large arteries does not develop after the bifurcation of small arteries due to the presence of laminar blood flow with very low Reynolds number in the small arteries. The numerical model yields pressure distributions and pressure drops along the vascular system that agree quite well with the physiological data found in the literature. Finally, the results show that, immediately following a bifurcation, the blood flow velocity profile is not symmetrical about the longitudinal axes of blood vessel. However, symmetry is recovered as the blood flow proceeds down the vessel.

Methods to measure blood flow velocity of red blood cells in vivo at the microscopic level

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick W. Slaaf ◽  
Theo J. M. Jeurens ◽  
Geert Jan Tangelder ◽  
Robert S. Reneman ◽  
Theo Arts
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Measure Blood Flow

Microvessel mean transit time and blood flow velocity of sulfhemoglobin-RBC

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (5) ◽  
pp. H745-H749 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Baker ◽  
E. T. Sutton ◽  
D. L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Concentration Curves

An indicator dilution technique is described for obtaining time-concentration curves subsequent to bolus injections of sulfhemoglobin red blood cells (SH-RBC), which have a deep greenish-brown color (absorption peak 620 nm vs. 542 and 564 nm for normal red cells). The series- and parallel-coupled microvessels of cat mesentery were studied. This is accomplished by means of video microscopy with a two-window intensity-sensitive video sampler system. The relationship between SH-RBC concentration in blood and optical measurement is linear. Blood flow velocities were calculated from the difference in mean transit times between two points along a vessel. When this technique is used in association with the previously reported method for determining time-concentration curves for the plasma indicator FITC-dextran the mean transit time (t) for red blood cells was less than for plasma in arterioles. The reproducibility of t and flow velocity for both SH-RBC and FITC-dextran from successive injections were reported. The mean transit time ratio of arteriolar SH-RBC to FITC-dextran averages 0.89. Blood flow velocity calculated from SH-RBC is greater than that calculated from FITC-dextran in these same arterioles. The ratio of the velocities averages 1.29.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Visualization of Pulmonary Blood Flow Velocity Profiles in Lambs

1992 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi KATAYAMA ◽  
William HENRY ◽  
Carol L. LUCAS ◽  
Belinda HA ◽  
Jose I. FERREIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Velocity Profiles

The Effects of Blood Flow on Blood Vessel Buckling Embedded in Surrounding Soft Tissues

2016 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 1650065 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hosseini ◽  
M. A. Paparisabet
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Flexible Beam ◽  
Critical Buckling Pressure

When blood flows in vessel curved portion, the presence of curvature generates a centrifugal force that acts in the same manner as a compressive load. Therefore, blood flow velocity has an important effect on the stability of vessels. In this study, the blood vessel is simulated as a flexible beam conveying fluid base on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, and various boundary conditions are represented for the modeled vessels. Then, analytical and numerical methods are deployed to extract desired parameters. The effects of blood flow, hematocrit and stiffness of surrounding tissues on the buckling critical pressure are investigated. The results show that the mentioned parameters have considerable effects on blood vessels stability. Several numerical findings illustrate a reduction in critical buckling pressure with increasing hematocrit and blood flow velocity. In addition, the size of red blood cell has a significant effect on critical buckling pressure in low hematocrits. As increasing red blood cell diameter decreases critical buckling pressure. Furthermore, because of blood viscosity, the non-uniformity effects of the blood flow on blood vessels stability are investigated by considering a modification factor. These results improve our understanding of blood vessels instability.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AGE AND GENDER ON THE STRENGTH OF BLOOD VESSELS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 719-726
Author(s):  
Zyta Kuzborska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Blood Vessel Wall ◽  
Critical Stresses ◽  
And Gender

This article examines the effects of cardiovascular diseases that alter the diameter, wall thickness, and length of blood vessels. Depending on form and size of the damage, blood flow velocity, blood pressure, and stresses are affected in areas of diseased blood vessels. Through stimulating the deviations in the geometric shape of a blood-vessel wall, local blood pressure and stresses can arise from flow variation of blood vessels. This rise affects the blood-vessel wall and causes critical stresses likely to produce fissures in the blood vessels. It was found, that blood vessel pathology could cause blood flow velocity to increase up to 2.2 times and local blood pressure up to 3.4 times, and that human aging may have a significant influence on blood-vessel strength.

A few upstream bifurcations drive the spatial distribution of red blood cells in model microfluidic networks

Soft Matter ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adlan Merlo ◽  
Maxime Berg ◽  
Paul Duru ◽  
Frédéric Risso ◽  
Yohan Davit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Microfluidic Networks ◽  
Vessel Walls ◽  
Vessel Networks

The physics of blood flow in small vessel networks is dominated by the interactions between Red Blood Cells (RBCs), plasma and blood vessel walls. The resulting couplings between the microvessel...

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