Esterification of palm fatty acid distillate with epychlorohydrin using cation exchange resin catalyst

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budhijanto Budhijanto ◽  
Albertus F. P. H. Subagyo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Resin Catalyst ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

scholarly journals A Catalyst Reusability Study in Palm Fatty Acid Distillate and Glycerol Esterification using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Reaction Kinetics Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanifrahmawan Sudibyo ◽  
Febbie Setyaningrum ◽  
Rochmadi ◽  
Mohammad Fahrurrozi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Catalyst Reusability ◽  
Glycerol Esterification ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

As a byproduct of the physical refinement of crude palm oil, palm fatty acid distillate or PFAD has a potential to be transformed into monoglycerides by means of irreversible esterification with glycerol over a cation exchange resin catalyst. Irreversibility of the esterification can be assured by continuous azeotropic removal of water by adding xylene as an entrainer. Because PFAD-glycerol esterification demands high temperatures for fast conversion and high selectivity of monoglycerides, it is necessary to test catalyst reusability performance. In this research, evaluation of catalyst reusability performance was based on five parameters: free fatty acid conversion, the rate of free fatty acid decomposition, the selectivity of monoglycerides, monoglyceride concentration, and the cation exchange capacity of the catalyst. The cation exchange resin used was Tulsion T-42 SM. The evaluation was conducted using the simple multi-attribute rating technique extended to ranking (SMARTER) method. The results showed that the optimum reaction temperature was 180°C. Ultimately, a kinetic study at 180°C was also performed to model the reaction after using similar catalysts for certain times. This kinetic study revealed that the reaction mechanism changed from Langmuir-Hinshelwood to Eley-Rideal after several cycles of catalyst reuse.  

Acetone condensation on a cation exchange resin catalyst: the pseudo equilibrium phenomenon

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (22-23) ◽  
pp. 5545-5550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth du Toit ◽  
Renier Schwarzer ◽  
Willie Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Resin Catalyst ◽  
Acetone Condensation

Synthesis of High-Purity Methylal by Reactive and Extractive Distillation

2015 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 629-632
Author(s):  
Ji Quan Liu ◽  
Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Distillation Column ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Extractive Distillation ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Resin Catalyst

The process for production high-purity methylal, which used methanol and formalin in the presence of cation-exchange resin catalyst, was investigated in the reactive and extractive distillation column. Effect of feed mole ratio of formaldehyde in the extracting and reacting section, molar ratio of methanol and formaldehyde, reflux ratio on the content of methylal in the distillate were investigated. The results show that the purity of methylal can reach 99.1% under the optimum conditions.

scholarly journals Synthesis of 1,4-Dioxan-2-one from 1,3-Dioxolane and Carbon Monoxide over Cation-exchange Resin Catalyst.

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki TAKAGI ◽  
Yasunori OUMI ◽  
Toshiya UOZUMI ◽  
Takashi MASUDA ◽  
Tsuneji SANO
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Resin Catalyst
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