Application of GNSS-INS simulator for testing algorithms of the airborne vector gravimetry problem

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Bogdanov ◽  
A. A. Golovan
Keyword(s):  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Vector Gravimetry

scholarly journals Assessment of common housekeeping genes as reference for gene expression studies using RT-qPCR in mouse choroid plexus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Hoa Ho ◽  
Annarita Patrizi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Housekeeping Gene ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Brain Repair ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Gene Expression Studies

AbstractChoroid plexus (ChP), a vascularized secretory epithelium located in all brain ventricles, plays critical roles in development, homeostasis and brain repair. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) is a popular and useful technique for measuring gene expression changes and also widely used in ChP studies. However, the reliability of RT-qPCR data is strongly dependent on the choice of reference genes, which are supposed to be stable across all samples. In this study, we validated the expression of 12 well established housekeeping genes in ChP in 2 independent experimental paradigms by using popular stability testing algorithms: BestKeeper, DeltaCq, geNorm and NormFinder. Rer1 and Rpl13a were identified as the most stable genes throughout mouse ChP development, while Hprt1 and Rpl27 were the most stable genes across conditions in a mouse sensory deprivation experiment. In addition, Rpl13a, Rpl27 and Tbp were mutually among the top five most stable genes in both experiments. Normalisation of Ttr and Otx2 expression levels using different housekeeping gene combinations demonstrated the profound effect of reference gene choice on target gene expression. Our study emphasized the importance of validating and selecting stable housekeeping genes under specific experimental conditions.

Current Developments in Diagnostic Assays for Laboratory Confirmation and Investigation of Botulism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominick A. Centurioni ◽  
Christina T. Egan ◽  
Michael J. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Testing Algorithms

Detection of botulinum neurotoxin or isolation of the toxin producing organism is required for the laboratory confirmation of botulism in clinical specimens. In an effort to reduce animal testing required by the gold standard method of botulinum neurotoxin detection, the mouse bioassay, many technologies have been developed to detect and characterize the causative agent of botulism. Recent advancements in these technologies have led to improvements in technical performance of diagnostic assays; however, many emerging assays have not been validated for the detection of all serotypes in complex clinical and environmental matrices. Improvements to culture protocols, endopeptidase-based assays, and a variety of immunological and molecular methods have provided laboratories with a variety of testing options to evaluate and incorporate into their testing algorithms. While significant advances have been made to improve these assays, additional work is necessary to evaluate these methods in various clinical matrices and to establish standardized criteria for data analysis and interpretation.

Variability in Testing for Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies: A Survey of Participants in the College of American Pathologists Proficiency Testing Program

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 524-528
Author(s):  
William J. Karlon ◽  
Stanley J. Naides ◽  
John T. Crosson ◽  
Mohammad Qasim Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Proficiency Testing ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Acceptable Alternative ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Testing Practices ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Multiplex Bead

Context.—Variability in testing for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) contributes to confusion and controversy related to testing for vasculitis and other ANCA-associated diseases. Objectives.—To survey laboratory testing practices regarding ANCA testing and to investigate differences in testing algorithms. Design.—Supplemental questions were sent to the 333 laboratories participating in the College of American Pathologists proficiency testing program for ANCA as part of the Special Immunology S2 Survey. Results.—A total of 315 laboratories submitted responses to the supplemental questions. Only 88 of 315 participants (28%) reported using a combination of indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) techniques as recommended by current guidelines, with a few additional labs using IFA and multiplex bead assay as an acceptable alternative to EIA. Other labs reported using only IFA, EIA, or multiplex bead assays. Conclusions.—A wide variety of testing algorithms are in use for ANCA testing despite evidence to suggest that a combination of IFA and EIA testing provides the most comprehensive information. Laboratories should inform clinicians clearly about testing practices and utility of testing in specific disease states.

A new software architecture for developing and testing algorithms for space exploration missions

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Enrico Simetti ◽  
Enrica Zereik ◽  
Alessandro Sperindé ◽  
Sandro Torelli ◽  
Davide Ducco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Architecture ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Testing Algorithms

Advances in root architectural modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-32
Author(s):  
Johannes A. Postma ◽  
◽  
Christopher K. Black ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Root Plasticity ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Architectural Modeling

Root architectural (RSA) models have become important tools in root research and plant phenotyping for studying root traits, processes, and interactions with the environment. The models have been used to simulate how various root traits and processes influence water and nutrient uptake. At a more technical level, they have been used to develop phenotyping technology, particularly for testing algorithms for segmenting roots. To compute these quantitative estimates regarding plant nutrition and root functioning, much development occurred in the last decade increasing the complexity of the models. This chapter describes first the application of the models to questions in plant biology, breeding, and agronomy, and second the development of the models. It concludes with a small outlook suggesting that models need benchmarking and validation and that new developments are likely to include better descriptions of root plasticity responses and focus on biological interactions among (soil) organisms, including mycorrhizal fungi.

Towards a Shift in Regression Test Suite Development Approach in Agile

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarika Sharma ◽  
Deepak Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Software Maintenance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Regression Testing ◽  
Test Suite ◽  
Agile Methodology ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Agile Software

Objective: From the literature review, it is evident that the concept of “regression testing” inherited in agile software testing originates from software maintenance practices. Therefore, the existing algorithms for regression testing revolve around the software maintenance principles rather than agile methodology. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the degree of fitness of the existing regression test-suite development algorithms for performing the regression testing in agile. Methods: This paper performs a systematic literature review for research work published from 2006 to 2018, which includes survey of the existing regression testing algorithms to identify and overcome the challenges associated with them while performing regression testing in agile. This research paper considers the four research questions into scope for analyzing the fitness of existing regression test-suite development algorithm for performing regression testing under agile methodology. Further, this paper attempts to propose approach for the development of the regression test-suite suitable for regression testing under agile methodology. Results: The current regression test-suite development algorithm were found unsuitable for performing the regression testing under agile methodology due to the newly identified four key challenges associated with them. Conclusion: The current regression test-suite development algorithms aligned with software maintenance principles rather than agile methodology. In addition, the newly proposed approach for regression test-suite development found to be easily adaptable by agile teams as it aligns with agile methodology principles. Finally, this paper recommends the adoption of agile principle through the newly proposed approach for developing regression test-suite for performing regression testing under agile methodology.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of Novel and Highly Sensitive Single-Tube Nested Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for SARS-CoV-2 Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5674
Author(s):  
Cyril Chik-Yan Yip ◽  
Siddharth Sridhar ◽  
Kit-Hang Leung ◽  
Anthony Chin-Ki Ng ◽  
Kwok-Hung Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Single Tube ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Pooled Sample

Sensitive molecular assays are critical for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis. Here, we designed and evaluated two single-tube nested (STN) real-time RT-PCR assays, targeting SARS-CoV-2 RdRp/Hel and N genes. Both STN assays had a low limit of detection and did not cross react with other human coronaviruses and respiratory viruses. Using 213 initial respiratory specimens from suspected COVID-19 patients, the sensitivity of both the STN COVID-19-RdRp/Hel and the STN COVID-19-N assays was 100% (99/99), while that of the comparator non-nested N assay was 95% (94/99). Among 108 follow-up specimens from confirmed COVID-19 patients who tested negative by the non-nested COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay, 28 (25.9%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 by the STN COVID-19-RdRp/Hel or the STN COVID-19-N assay. To evaluate the performance of our novel STN assays in pooled specimens, we created four sample pools, with each pool consisting of one low positive specimen and 49 negative specimens. While the non-nested COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay was positive in only one of four sample pools (25%), both of the STN assays were positive in two of four samples pools (50%). In conclusion, the STN assays are highly sensitive and specific for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Their boosted sensitivity offers advantages in non-traditional COVID-19 testing algorithms such as saliva screening and pooled sample screening during massive screening.

scholarly journals Is Transient and Persistent Poverty Harmful to Multimorbidity?: Model Testing Algorithms

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukyong Seo ◽  
Young Dae Kwon ◽  
Ki-Bong Yoo ◽  
Yejin Lee ◽  
Jin-Won Noh
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Testing Algorithms ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Persistent Poverty ◽  
Time Point

Multimorbidity, the coexistence of two or more long-term medical conditions in one person, has been known to disproportionally affect the low-income population. Little is known about whether long-term income is more crucial for multimorbidity than income measured in one time point; whether persistent poverty is more harmful than transient one; how changes in wealth affect multimorbidity. This is a longitudinal study on a population representative dataset, the Korean Health Panel (KHP) survey (2010–2015). A multivariate analysis was conducted using logistic regressions. A variety of income and wealth variables was investigated. Low-income Koreans (lowest 20%) were more likely to have multiple disorders; average income was more significantly associated with multimorbidity than the yearly income measured for the same year; persistent episodes of poverty had a greater hazard than transient ones; and income changes appeared to be statistically insignificant. We found that long-term income and persistent poverty are important factors of multimorbidity. These findings support the importance of policies reducing the risk of persistent poverty. Policies to promote public investment in education and create jobs may be appropriate to address multimorbidity.

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