The GEMpix detector as new soft X-rays diagnostic tool for laser produced plasmas

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 103505 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Claps ◽  
D. Pacella ◽  
F. Murtas ◽  
K. Jakubowska ◽  
G. Boutoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
X Rays

Deep Luminescence from ‘Relaxed’ Si1−xGex Epitaxial Layers

1991 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Davies ◽  
Victor Higgs ◽  
Richard Kubiak ◽  
Adrian Powell ◽  
Terry Whall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
Epitaxial Layers ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dislocation Related Luminescence

ABSTRACTIn MBE Si1−xGex which is grown to thicknesses greater than the critical thickness hc, the dislocation-related luminescence peaks Dl and D2 have energies which are independent of x up to x ≈ 0.3, and then decrease, as observed in LPE Si1−xGex. In MBE Si1−xGex layers grown to thicknesses less than hc, post-growth annealing produces dramatic changes in the luminescence, giving spectra as from relaxed alloy, even though the relaxation determined by X-rays is negligible. These results establish photoluminescence as a sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting dislocations in Si1−xGe*.

scholarly journals Second generation of the diagnostic tool for the In vivo measurement of strontium levels in human bone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Sibai
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Current Source ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Signal Normalization

Strontium (Sr) is an element collected naturally in the human body through diet. It has a paradoxical effect on bone health, where at low doses Sr enhances bone health. The beneficial effects of Sr warranted its use as a complimentary treatment for osteoporosis. The current source-bases Sr in vivo x-ray fluorescence (IVXRF) system is in clinical use to study the incorporation and retention of Sr in bone after administration of Sr supplements. This system however can only monitor relative changes in bone with a limited level of accuracy. Therefore a second generation of the diagnostic tool has been developed and optimized aiming to improve the accuracy and precision of an IVXRF measurement. The system comprises of an optically focused x-ray tube producing monochromatic x-rays and a silicon drift detector. Furthermore, optimal parameters to run the system are investigated, along with three different means of signal normalization.

Normal anatomy with a focus on the cardiac silhouette and the great vessels

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 401-403
Author(s):  
Christian Loewe ◽  
Dietrich Beitzke
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Normal Anatomy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Cardiac Silhouette

Traditionally, conventional chest X-ray was not only used to assess the chest for pulmonary diseases but also for the cardiac shape indicative of cardiac abnormalities. With the widespread availability of echocardiography, the importance of this indication for chest X-ray has diminished. However, given the high number of chest X-rays still performed, this basic imaging method continues to play an important role as an initial diagnostic tool.

Progress toward using mu-mesic X-rays as a diagnostic tool

1974 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-254
Author(s):  
M L M Boone ◽  
J Faust ◽  
R L Hutson ◽  
A S Lundy
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
X Rays

HARD X-RAYS AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR WARM DENSE MATTER

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Brambrink ◽  
H. G. Wei ◽  
B. Barbrel ◽  
P. Audebert ◽  
A. Benuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Warm Dense Matter

scholarly journals Second generation of the diagnostic tool for the In vivo measurement of strontium levels in human bone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Sibai
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Current Source ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Signal Normalization

Strontium (Sr) is an element collected naturally in the human body through diet. It has a paradoxical effect on bone health, where at low doses Sr enhances bone health. The beneficial effects of Sr warranted its use as a complimentary treatment for osteoporosis. The current source-bases Sr in vivo x-ray fluorescence (IVXRF) system is in clinical use to study the incorporation and retention of Sr in bone after administration of Sr supplements. This system however can only monitor relative changes in bone with a limited level of accuracy. Therefore a second generation of the diagnostic tool has been developed and optimized aiming to improve the accuracy and precision of an IVXRF measurement. The system comprises of an optically focused x-ray tube producing monochromatic x-rays and a silicon drift detector. Furthermore, optimal parameters to run the system are investigated, along with three different means of signal normalization.

White-Light Coronal Structures: Streamers and CMEs

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
White Light ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eclipse Observations ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.

Emergence of Twisted Magnetic Flux Related Sigmoidal Brightening

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
K. Sundara Raman ◽  
K. B. Ramesh ◽  
R. Selvendran ◽  
P. S. M. Aleem ◽  
K. M. Hiremath
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
The Sun ◽  
X Rays ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Extended AbstractWe have examined the morphological properties of a sigmoid associated with an SXR (soft X-ray) flare. The sigmoid is cospatial with the EUV (extreme ultra violet) images and in the optical part lies along an S-shaped Hαfilament. The photoheliogram shows flux emergence within an existingδtype sunspot which has caused the rotation of the umbrae giving rise to the sigmoidal brightening.It is now widely accepted that flares derive their energy from the magnetic fields of the active regions and coronal levels are considered to be the flare sites. But still a satisfactory understanding of the flare processes has not been achieved because of the difficulties encountered to predict and estimate the probability of flare eruptions. The convection flows and vortices below the photosphere transport and concentrate magnetic field, which subsequently appear as active regions in the photosphere (Rust & Kumar 1994 and the references therein). Successive emergence of magnetic flux, twist the field, creating flare productive magnetic shear and has been studied by many authors (Sundara Ramanet al.1998 and the references therein). Hence, it is considered that the flare is powered by the energy stored in the twisted magnetic flux tubes (Kurokawa 1996 and the references therein). Rust & Kumar (1996) named the S-shaped bright coronal loops that appear in soft X-rays as ‘Sigmoids’ and concluded that this S-shaped distortion is due to the twist developed in the magnetic field lines. These transient sigmoidal features tell a great deal about unstable coronal magnetic fields, as these regions are more likely to be eruptive (Canfieldet al.1999). As the magnetic fields of the active regions are deep rooted in the Sun, the twist developed in the subphotospheric flux tube penetrates the photosphere and extends in to the corona. Thus, it is essentially favourable for the subphotospheric twist to unwind the twist and transmit it through the photosphere to the corona. Therefore, it becomes essential to make complete observational descriptions of a flare from the magnetic field changes that are taking place in different atmospheric levels of the Sun, to pin down the energy storage and conversion process that trigger the flare phenomena.

The Clinical, Roentgenological and Morphological Effects of an Acute Exposure of Phosgene on the Lungs of Dogs

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
R. F. Bils ◽  
W. F. Diller ◽  
F. Huth
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Phosgene still plays an important role as a toxic substance in the chemical industry. Thiess (1968) recently reported observations on numerous cases of phosgene poisoning. A serious difficulty in the clinical handling of phosgene poisoning cases is a relatively long latent period, up to 12 hours, with no obvious signs of severity. At about 12 hours heavy lung edema appears suddenly, however changes can be seen in routine X-rays taken after only a few hours' exposure (Diller et al., 1969). This study was undertaken to correlate these early changes seen by the roengenologist with morphological alterations in the lungs seen in the'light and electron microscopes.Forty-two adult male and female Beagle dogs were selected for these exposure experiments. Treated animals were exposed to 94.5-107-5 ppm phosgene for 10 min. in a 15 m3 chamber. Roentgenograms were made of the thorax of each animal before and after exposure, up to 24 hrs.

Chemical Species Identification in an SEM by Changes in Emitted X-Ray Energies

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 570-571
Author(s):  
R. H. Duff
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Valence Electron ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Small Shift ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Transitions ◽  
Peak Energy ◽  
Chemical Combination

A material irradiated with electrons emits x-rays having energies characteristic of the elements present. Chemical combination between elements results in a small shift of the peak energies of these characteristic x-rays because chemical bonds between different elements have different energies. The energy differences of the characteristic x-rays resulting from valence electron transitions can be used to identify the chemical species present and to obtain information about the chemical bond itself. Although these peak-energy shifts have been well known for a number of years, their use for chemical-species identification in small volumes of material was not realized until the development of the electron microprobe.

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