scholarly journals Single-pulse x-ray diffraction using polycapillary optics for in situ dynamic diffraction

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 083901 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Maddox ◽  
M. C. Akin ◽  
A. Teruya ◽  
D. Hunt ◽  
D. Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Pulse ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Polycapillary Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dynamic Diffraction

Portable Apparatus for In Situ X-Ray Diffraction and Fluorescence Analyses of Artworks

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Eveno ◽  
Brice Moignard ◽  
Jacques Castaing
Keyword(s):  
Thick Layer ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Polycapillary Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Lead Compounds

AbstractA portable X-ray fluorescence/X-ray diffraction (XRF/XRD) system for artwork studies has been designed constructed and tested. It is based on Debye Scherrer XRD in reflection that takes advantage of many recent improvements in the handling of X-rays (polycapillary optics; advanced two-dimensional detection). The apparatus is based on a copper anode air cooled X-ray source, and the XRD analysis is performed on a 5–20 μm thick layer from the object surface. Energy dispersive XRF elemental analysis can be performed at the same point as XRD, giving elemental compositions that support the interpretation of XRD diagrams. XRF and XRD analyses were tested to explore the quality and the limits of the analytical technique. The XRD diagrams are comparable in quality with diagrams obtained with conventional laboratory equipment. The mineral identification of materials in artwork is routinely performed with the portable XRF-XRD system. Examples are given for ceramic glazes containing crystals and for paintings where the determination of pigments is still a challenge for nondestructive analysis. For instance, lead compounds that provide a variety of color pigments can be easily identified as well as a pigment such as lapis lazuli that is difficult to identify by XRF alone. More than 70 works of art have been studied in situ in museums, monuments, etc. In addition to ceramics and paintings, these works include bronzes, manuscripts, etc., which permit improvement in the comprehension of ancient artistic techniques.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

In-situ Investigation of Bainite Formation with fast X-Ray Diffraction (iXRD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-364
Author(s):  
A. Kopp ◽  
T. Bernthaler ◽  
D. Schmid ◽  
G. Ketzer-Raichle ◽  
G. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Investigation

Texture Evolution Under Fast Heating and Cooling Rates of Zirconium Alloys Studied In-Situ by Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Toan Nguyen ◽  
Alistair Garner ◽  
Javier Romero ◽  
Antoine Ambard ◽  
Michael Preuss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fast Heating ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heating And Cooling

STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF EXCEPTIONALLY IRON-DEFICIENT HEMATITE NANOCRYSTALS AS OBSERVED BY IN SITU SYNCHROTRON X-RAY DIFFRACTION

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Athena Chen ◽  
◽  
Peter Heaney ◽  
Jeffrey E. Post ◽  
Peter J. Eng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iron Deficient

In situ X-ray diffraction techniques as a powerful tool to study battery electrode materials

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (19) ◽  
pp. 3137-3149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Morcrette ◽  
Y. Chabre ◽  
G. Vaughan ◽  
G. Amatucci ◽  
J.-B. Leriche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Battery Electrode

scholarly journals In-Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Investigation of Microstructural Evolutions During Low-Pressure Carburizing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ogün Baris Tapar ◽  
Jérémy Epp ◽  
Matthias Steinbacher ◽  
Jens Gibmeier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Diffusion ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Experimental Chamber ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbon Supply

AbstractAn experimental heat treatment chamber and control system were developed to perform in-situ X-ray diffraction experiments during low-pressure carburizing (LPC) processes. Results from the experimental chamber and industrial furnace were compared, and it was proven that the built system is reliable for LPC experiments. In-situ X-ray diffraction investigations during LPC treatment were conducted at the German Electron Synchrotron Facility in Hamburg Germany. During the boost steps, carbon accumulation and carbide formation was observed at the surface. These accumulation and carbide formation decelerated the further carbon diffusion from atmosphere to the sample. In the early minutes of the diffusion steps, it is observed that cementite content continue to increase although there is no presence of gas. This effect is attributed to the high carbon accumulation at the surface during boost steps which acts as a carbon supply. During quenching, martensite at higher temperature had a lower c/a ratio than later formed ones. This difference is credited to the early transformation of austenite regions having lower carbon content. Also, it was noticed that the final carbon content dissolved in martensite reduced compared to carbon in austenite before quenching. This reduction was attributed to the auto-tempering effect.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document