scholarly journals Resolving hot spot microstructure using x-ray penumbral imaging (invited)

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 11E201 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bachmann ◽  
T. Hilsabeck ◽  
J. Field ◽  
N. Masters ◽  
C. Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Penumbral Imaging

scholarly journals Using time-resolved penumbral imaging to measure low hot spot x-ray emission signals from capsule implosions at the National Ignition Facility

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 10G111 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Bishel ◽  
B. Bachmann ◽  
A. Yi ◽  
D. Kraus ◽  
L. Divol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
National Ignition Facility ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Penumbral Imaging

scholarly journals Observations of anomalous x-ray emission at early stages of hot-spot formation in deuterium-tritium cryogenic implosions

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Shah ◽  
S. X. Hu ◽  
I. V. Igumenshchev ◽  
J. Baltazar ◽  
D. Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Hot Spot Formation ◽  
Spot Formation

scholarly journals FeNiCeOx ternary catalyst prepared by ultrasonic impregnation method for diclofenac removal in Fenton-like system

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1675-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Xian ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Guangming Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Zhiguo Zou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Lattice Contraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultrasonic Synthesis ◽  
Cavitation Effect

Abstract FeNiCeOx was firstly prepared by ultrasonic impregnation method and used to remove diclofenac in a Fenton-like system. The catalytic activity was improved successfully by doping Ni into FeCeOx. The diclofenac removal efficiency reached 97.9% after 30 min reaction. The surface morphology and properties of FeNiCeOx were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. FeNiCeOx in this paper had larger specific surface area than those prepared by other methods, which was attributed to the cavitation effect and hot-spot effect during the ultrasonic synthesis process. Low crystallinity of Fe2O3 and NiO showed by characterization could lead to high interaction of Fe and Ni ions with support of CeO2. They substituted Ce in CeO2, caused lattice contraction and formed more oxygen vacancies, which favoured the catalytic reaction. Meanwhile, Fe and Ce ions both had redox cycles of Fe3+/Fe2+ and Ce4+/Ce3+, which facilitated the electron transfer in the reaction. The synergistic effect among Fe, Ni and Ce might lead to better catalytic performance of FeNiCeOx than any binary metal oxides constituted from the above three elements. Finally, the potential mechanism of diclofenac removal in FeNiCeOx-H2O2 system is proposed.

scholarly journals Chandra Observations of the Guitar Nebula

2003 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 135-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane S. Wong ◽  
James M. Cordes ◽  
Shami Chatterjee ◽  
Ellen G. Zweibel ◽  
John P. Finley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Position Angle ◽  
Bow Shock ◽  
Radio Pulsar ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Pulsar Wind

As part of a multi-wavelength study, we report on a 50 ks Chandra/ACIS observation of the Guitar Nebula, a bow shock nebula associated with the radio pulsar B2224+65. We see a “hot spot” at the tip of the bow shock. We also notice a “jet” of X-ray emission at position angle (PA) −69°. However, the proper motion of the pulsar and the axis of optical emission is at PA 52°.1. We discuss the resulting interpretations of the relativistic pulsar wind and the surrounding ISM.

An Algorithm for Acute Wrist Trauma

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. LARSEN ◽  
V. BRØNDUM ◽  
G. WIENHOLTZ ◽  
J. ABRAHAMSEN ◽  
J. BEYER
Keyword(s):  
Bone Scintigraphy ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Distal Radial Fractures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wrist Trauma ◽  
Scaphoid Fractures ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Fracture Diagnosis

A systematic approach to the acute traumatized wrist is of importance to achieve early diagnosis, with efficient use of advanced imaging modalities. In a 6-month period 641 patients aged 15 years or over were examined using an algorithm for acute wrist trauma in order to secure early and appropriate treatment. In 293 (46%) cases routine radiographic examination supplied sufficient information to establish a fracture diagnosis. All 33 scaphoid fractures (including five scaphoid non-unions) were demonstrated on the initial X-ray examination. In 56 patients (9%) scintigraphy proved useful for selecting cases in need of further radiographic examination. Among 31 patients with focal activity on bone scintigraphy, CT and/or tomography revealed eight distal radial fractures, one fracture of the ulnar styloid, and eight fractures of carpal bones. Fractures were revealed using tomography and/or “hot spot views” in patients with negative CT examinations suggesting that further examinations should be performed in cases with increased focal activity on bone scintigraphy and a negative CT examination.

Superconducting Compound Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ Compared with Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca1Cu2O6+δ to Evaluate Transition Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Abbas K. Saadon ◽  
Kareem A. Jasim ◽  
Auday H. Shaban
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superconducting Compound

The high temperature superconductor’s compounds are one of the hot spot field of science, due to their applications in industries. Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ and Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca1Cu2O6+δ, were manufactured using a doable-step of solid state reaction method. The samples were sintered at 800 ° C. The transition temperatures Tc are found from electrically resistively by using four probe techniques. The resistivity become zero when the transition temperature Tc(offset) have 131 and 119 K, and the onset temperature Tc(onset) have 139 K for Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+δ and 132 K for Hg0.8Sb0.2Ba2Ca1Cu2O6+δ. Analysis of X-ray diffraction showed a tetragonal structure with lattice parameters changes for all samples.

scholarly journals Star-Planet Interaction: The Curious Case of the Planet Spoon-feeding Its Host Star (and Other Amenities)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (S314) ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
Ignazio Pillitteri ◽  
S. J. Wolk ◽  
A. Maggio ◽  
T. Matsakos
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Planetary Motion ◽  
Eccentric Orbit ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hot Jupiters ◽  
Mhd Simulations ◽  
Stellar Magnetic Fields ◽  
Parent Star

AbstractWe report two cases of Star-Planet Interaction (SPI) in two systems with hot Jupiters: HD 189733 and HD 17156. We used HST-COS to study the FUV variability of HD 189733 after the planetary eclipse. With the support of MHD simulations, we evince that material is likely evaporating from the planet and accreting onto the parent star. This produces a hot spot on the stellar surface, co-moving with the planetary motion and responsible of the X-ray and FUV variability at peculiar planetary phases. In HD 17156, which hosts a hot Jupiter in an eccentric orbit, we observed an enhancement of the X-ray activity at the passage of its planet at the periastron. The origin can be due to magnetic reconnection between the planetary and stellar magnetic fields, or due to material tidally stripped from the planet and accreting onto the star.

scholarly journals Rapid experimental SAD phasing and hot-spot identification with halogenated fragments

IUCrJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Bauman ◽  
Jerry Joe E. K. Harrison ◽  
Eddy Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Hiv 1

Through X-ray crystallographic fragment screening, 4-bromopyrazole was discovered to be a `magic bullet' that is capable of binding at many of the ligand `hot spots' found in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). The binding locations can be in pockets that are `hidden' in the unliganded crystal form, allowing rapid identification of these sites forin silicoscreening. In addition to hot-spot identification, this ubiquitous yet specific binding provides an avenue for X-ray crystallographic phase determination, which can be a significant bottleneck in the determination of the structures of novel proteins. The anomalous signal from 4-bromopyrazole or 4-iodopyrazole was sufficient to determine the structures of three proteins (HIV-1 RT, influenza A endonuclease and proteinase K) by single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) from single crystals. Both compounds are inexpensive, readily available, safe and very soluble in DMSO or water, allowing efficient soaking into crystals.

A novel X-ray spectrometer for plasma hot spot diagnosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Yongchao Guo ◽  
Shali Xiao ◽  
Zuhua Yang ◽  
Feng Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Progress in inertial confinement fusion physics at Centre d'Etudes de Limeil-Valenton

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. André ◽  
D. Babonneau ◽  
C. Bayer ◽  
M. Bernard ◽  
J-L. Bocher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
X Ray

The laser program developed at the Centre d'Etudes de Limeil-Valenton, Saint-Georges, France (CEL-V) is concentrated on a systematic investigation of indirect drive fusion; by comparison with direct drive, this process is expected to provide the required irradiation uniformity with relaxed constraints on laser beam quality. The main concerns are radiative transfer and preheat, hydrodynamic instabilities, and high-density X-ray driven implosions. Ablative implosion experiments have been conducted with the two beams at the Phebus facility (5 kJ, 1.3 ns, 0.35 μm). Symmetry was proved to be controlled by the casing structure, following scaling laws describing hohlraum physics. A compressed DT density ∼100 ρ0 (ρ0 liquid DT density) has been deduced from activation measurements. Different aspects of the soft X-ray transfer processes, and particularly of the ablation of a low-Z material, which drives the capsule implosion, are dealt with in detailed investigations. Reported here are results on X-ray reemission and penetration in several materials, and on induced hydrodynamics of accelerated foils. The laser energy required to reach fuel ignition conditions has been evaluated from numerical simulations as well as from analytical models, taking into account hohlraum physics, capsule implosion, hot spot formation, and burn propagation. Several crucial parameters have been drawn, the most important being the radiation temperature. A target gain in the order of 10 appears achievable with a 2-MJ laser.

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