Photoelectrochemical performance of CuO electrodes by surface modification with ZnO in water splitting process

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surbhi Choudhary ◽  
Yamini Yadav ◽  
Vibha R. Satsangi ◽  
Rohit Shrivastav ◽  
Sahab Dass
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance ◽  
Splitting Process

Tunable surface modification of a hematite photoanode by a Co(salen)-based cocatalyst for boosting photoelectrochemical performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1714-1723
Author(s):  
Ruiling Wang ◽  
Yasutaka Kuwahara ◽  
Kohsuke Mori ◽  
Yuyu Bu ◽  
Hiromi Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance

A water splitting photoanode composed of hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanorods modified with Co(salen) was proven to exhibit special photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution activity.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of Hematite Photoanodes for Improvement of Photoelectrochemical Performance

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifei Xi ◽  
Kathrin Lange
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Kinetics ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance ◽  
Onset Potential ◽  
Solar Water Splitting

Solar water splitting is a promising method for producing renewable fuels. Thermodynamically, the overall water splitting reaction is an uphill reaction involving a multiple electron transfer process. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been identified as the bottleneck process. Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is one of the best photoanode material candidates due to its band gap properties and stability in aqueous solution. However, the reported efficiencies of hematite are notoriously lower than the theoretically predicted value mainly due to poor charge transfer and separation ability, short hole diffusion length as well as slow water oxidation kinetics. In this Review Article, several emerging surface modification strategies to reduce the oxygen evolution overpotential and thus to enhance the water oxidation reaction kinetics will be presented. These strategies include co-catalysts loading, photoabsorption enhancing (surface plasmonic metal and rare earth metal decoration), surface passivation layer deposition, surface chemical etching and surface doping. These methods are found to reduce charge recombination happening at surface trapping states, promote charge separation and diffusion, and accelerate water oxidation kinetics. The detailed surface modification methods, surface layer materials, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performances including photocurrent and onset potential shift as well as the related proposed mechanisms will be reviewed.

One-Dimensional TiO2@GaON Core-Shell Nanowires with Controlled Shell Thickness from Atomic Layer Deposition for Stable and Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Tao ◽  
Hong-Ping Ma ◽  
Kaiping Yuan ◽  
Yang Gu ◽  
Jianwei Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Shell Nanowires

<div>As a promising oxygen evolution reaction semiconductor, TiO2 has been extensively investigated for solar photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here, a highly efficient and stable strategy for rationally preparing GaON cocatalysts on TiO2 by atomic layer deposition is demonstrated, which we show significantly enhances the</div><div>photoelectrochemical performance compared to TiO2-based photoanodes. For TiO2@20 nm-GaON core-shell nanowires a photocurrent density up to 1.10 mA cm-2 (1.23 V vs RHE) under AM 1.5 G irradiation (100 mW cm-2) has been achieved, which is 14 times higher than that of TiO2 NWs. Furthermore, the oxygen vacancy formation on GaON as well as the band gap matching with TiO2 not only provides more active sites for water oxidation but also enhances light absorption to promote interfacial charge separation and migration. Density functional theory studies of model systems of GaON-modified TiO2 confirm the band gap reduction, high reducibility and ability to activate water. The highly efficient and stable systems of TiO2@GaON core-shell nanowires provide a deeper understanding and universal strategy for enhancing photoelectrochemical performance of photoanodes now available. </div>

Synergistic Promotion of Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Efficiency of TiO2 Nanorod Arrays by Doping and Surface Modification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Zhao ◽  
Ding Chen ◽  
Shang Xu ◽  
Zhi Fang ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Charge Recombination ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Nanorod Arrays ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Tio2 Nanorod ◽  
Tio2 Nanorod Arrays ◽  
Light Capture

Fast surface charge recombination and poor light capture capability are regarded as the two critical factors that hamper the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of photoanodes. In the present work, we employed...

Defective Fe3+ self-doped spinel ZnFe2O4 with oxygen vacancies for highly efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (31) ◽  
pp. 11934-11940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianmin Wang ◽  
Yunan Wang ◽  
Xinchao Xv ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance ◽  
Highly Efficient

Defective Fe3+ self-doped spinel ZnFe2O4 with abundant oxygen vacancies exhibits largely enhanced photoelectrochemical performance.

Electrospinning to Prepare Nanostructured Photocatalysts and Photoelectrodes

2018 ◽  
Vol MA2018-01 (31) ◽  
pp. 1905-1905
Author(s):  
Marcus Einert ◽  
André Bloesser ◽  
Roland Marschall
Keyword(s):  
Charge Carrier ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Layered Perovskite ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Solar Water Splitting ◽  
Defect Sites

Electrospinning is a well-known, simple and fast method to prepare polymer fibers with diameters of 100-500 nm and lengths up to several micrometers.[1] Since for many semiconductor materials the charge carrier diffusion length is a critical parameter restricting photocatalytic or photoelectrochemical performance, we use the electrospinning approach to prepare nanostructured metal oxide nanofibers.[2] Directly after electrospinning, such nanofibers still contain spinning polymer, after calcination crystalline metal oxide nanofibers with diameter of 100-200 nm can be prepared.[3] Using the electrospinning technique, it is also possible to prepare fibrous photoelectrodes directly onto conducting substrates in a one step process.[4,5] Nanofibers of the (111)-layered perovskite materials Ba5Ta4O15 are built up from small single crystals, and are able to generate hydrogen without any co-catalyst in photocatalytic reformation of methanol. After photodeposition of Rh-Cr2O3 co-catalysts, the nanofibers show better activity in overall water splitting compared to sol–gel-derived powders.[3] Hollow a-Fe2O3 nanofibers and core–shell-like a-Fe2O3/indium-tin oxide (ITO) nanofiber composites were utilized as a photoanode for solar water splitting, the latter showing a doubled photocurrent compared to the hollow fiber photoanodes. This can be most likely be attributed to fast interfacial charge carrier exchange between the highly conductive ITO nanoparticles and a-Fe2O3, thus inhibiting the recombination of the electron–hole pairs in the semiconductor by spatial separation.[4] CuO photocathodes were directly prepared via electrospinning onto FTO, and calcination studies were performed to systematically characterize their crystallographic and structural evolution.[5] The higher the annealing temperature, the more developed are the crystalline domains of the nanofibers, which results in better conductivity and less defect sites serving as trap states for the photo-excited charge carriers. Hence, the CuO nanofiber photocathodes annealed at 800 °C showed the highest photoresponse and stability. No decrease in the photocurrent density after prolonged operation in aqueous electrolyte was observed. References [1] A. Greiner, J. H. Wendorff, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 5670-5703. [2] R. Ostermann, J. Cravillon, C. Weidmann, M. Wiebcke, B. M. Smarsly, Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 442-444. [3] N. C. Hildebrandt, J. Soldat, R. Marschall, Small 2015, 11, 2051–2057. [4] M. Einert, R. Ostermann, T. Weller, S. Zellmer, G. Garnweitner, B. M. Smarsly, R. Marschall, J. Mater. Chem. A 2016, 4, 18444-18456. [5] M. Einert, T. Weller, T. Leichtweiss, B. M. Smarsly, R. Marschall, Chem. Photo. Chem. 2017, 1, 326-340. Figure 1

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