Kinetics of nickel electrodeposition from low electrolyte concentration and at a narrow interelectrode gap

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Widayatno
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Nickel Electrodeposition ◽  
Interelectrode Gap ◽  
Kinetics Of

Strain Enhanced Corrosion in the Iron-Caustic System

CORROSION ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 353-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONALD B. DIEGLE ◽  
DAVID A. VERMILYEA
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Applied Strain ◽  
Crack Advance ◽  
Film Rupture ◽  
Applied Strain Rate ◽  
Corrosion Of Iron ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Straining electrode experiments were performed to investigate the nature of strain enhanced corrosion of iron in caustic electrolyte. The strain enhanced corrosion rate was generally linearly dependent on applied strain rate, and its potential dependence paralleled that of steady-state polarization behavior on non-straining electrodes. Data was presented as ratios, in which is the corrosion rate in cm/s and is the corresponding strain rate. This ratio, which was shown in a previously published theory to be numerically equal to the crack advance per film rupture event during film rupture SCC, depended on electrochemical variables such as electrolyte concentration and temperature in a manner similar to the kinetics of caustic cracking. Conditions which are known to be marginal in producing caustic cracking resulted in values for of about 10−7 cm, in excellent agreement with a previously developed theory. It was concluded that strain enhanced corrosion in this system results from repetitive film rupture and repair during straining.

FABRICATIONS OF MICRO TOOLS AND MICRO PATTERNS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROMACHINING AND SOME INVESTIGATION INTO OVERPOTENTIAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. JAIN ◽  
A. S. CHAUHAN ◽  
ANURAG THAKUR ◽  
AJAY SIDPARA
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Electrochemical Micromachining ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Interelectrode Gap ◽  
Advanced Machining ◽  
Micro Tools ◽  
Micro Patterns

Electrochemical micromachining (ECMM) is a well-known advanced machining process for fabrication of micro components such as tools, nozzles, mixers, etc. on electrically conductive workpieces. In the present work, experiments are conducted for fabrication of micro tools and micro patterns on the in-house developed and fabricated electrochemical micromachining setup. Effect of various process parameters such as voltage, interelectrode gap, machining time, duty cycle, and electrolyte concentration are studied on micro tools and over potential (in case of fabrication of micro patterns). It is observed that the average change in diameter of the micro tool after the ECMM process increases almost linearly with increase in voltage and time, and increases quadratically with increase in pulse duty ratio and electrolyte concentration. Overpotential increases with increase in applied voltage, interelectrode gap, and duty cycle. Further, overpotential initially decreases quadratically with increase in electrolyte concentration and then increases.

The mean spherical approximation and medium effects in the kinetics of solution reactions involving ions

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1649-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ronald Fawcett ◽  
Alex C. Tikanen ◽  
Douglas J. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Infinite Dilution ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Spherical Approximation ◽  
Mean Spherical Approximation ◽  
Medium Effects ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kinetics Of

The mean spherical approximation has been applied to describe medium effects in the kinetics of reactions between ions in water. When the ionic strength of the medium is altered by the addition of an inert electrolyte, the rate of reaction can be accurately predicted with the inert electrolyte concentration up to 1 M. The theoretical rate constant at the limit of infinite dilution kr0, has been estimated for five earlier kinetics studies for which data are available in the literature. Keywords: kinetic medium effects, mean spherical approximation, activity coefficients.

Physicochemical stimuli as tuning parameters to modulate the structure and stability of nanostructured lipid carriers and release kinetics of encapsulated antileprosy drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (42) ◽  
pp. 6539-6555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohini Kanwar ◽  
Michael Gradzielski ◽  
Sylvain Prevost ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Marie-Sousai Appavou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers ◽  
Structure And Stability ◽  
Tuning Parameters ◽  
Polymer Addition ◽  
Kinetics Of

To unveil the effect of electrolyte concentration, pH and polymer addition on Tween 80 stabilized nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs, based on dialkyldimethylammonium bromides DxDAB and Na oleate), an in-depth scattering analysis was performed.

Hardness of oxide films formed as a result of aluminium anode oxidation processes

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1360-1364
Author(s):  
M. Chis ◽  
M. O. Cojocaru ◽  
D. Cojocaru ◽  
R. A. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Anode Oxidation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Aluminium Anode

Factors that influence the anode oxidation processes of aluminium and its alloys are discussed. The main parameters involved in such processes have been selected and subjected to measurement under controlled experimental conditions. The effects of the variation of the chemical, electrical and thermal parameters of the aluminium anode oxidation process on the hardness level of the resulting oxide layer have been studied. In order to quantify the relationships that govern the kinetics of the anode oxidation process, these data were subjected to analysis employing a central compositional rotatory programming matrix. Parameters employed were electrolyte concentration, temperature, current density and immersion time of the product in the electrolyte to achieve a desired oxide layer. The hardness of the resulting oxide layers is discussed.

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