Reparative neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia: Clinical application prospects

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Khodanovich
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Reparative Neurogenesis ◽  
Application Prospects

scholarly journals MicroRNA-381—A Key Transcriptional Regulator: Its Biological Function and Clinical Application Prospects in Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zeng ◽  
Zhe Cao ◽  
Wenhao Luo ◽  
Lianfang Zheng ◽  
Taiping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Oncogenic Pathways ◽  
Application Prospects

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that function by regulating messenger RNAs. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play important roles in multiple processes of cancer development. MiR-381 is one of the most important miRNAs in cancer progression. MiR-381 is downregulated in some cancers and upregulated in other cancers, including glioma, epithelial sarcoma, and osteosarcoma. MiR-381 regulates epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), chemotherapeutic resistance, radioresistance, and immune responses. Thus, miR-381 participates in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Moreover, miR-381 functions in various oncogenic pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin, AKT, and p53 pathways. Clinical studies have shown that miR-381 could be considered a biomarker or a novel prognostic factor. Here, we summarize the present studies on the role of miR-381 in cancer development, including its biogenesis and various affected signaling pathways, and its clinical application prospects. MiR-381 expression is associated with tumor stage and survival time, making miR-381 a novel prognostic factor.

Neuroregeneration and neuroprotection: prospects for growth factors and other bioactive substances clinical application

MedAlliance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Reparative Neurogenesis ◽  
Experimental Use

Traumatic injuries, as well as degenerative diseases of the nervous system, are extremely common nowadays, there- fore, in clinical practice the use new methods for their treatment, such as stimulation of reparative neurogene- sis by growth factors, is highly topical. Aim. To review the published results of the experimental use of various growth factors for reparative neurogenesis stimulation and neuroprotection and to evaluate the prospects for their clinical application. Methods. Publications’ search was carried out in open databases of scientific literature, such as PubMed, Cyberleninka and eLIBRARY.RU based on keywords and their combinations: «reparative neuro- genesis», «neuroprotection», «nervous tissue», «neurotro- phic factors», «growth factors», «implantation» (in Russian and English). The search depth is 20 years. Results. The sti mulating and depressing effects of the neurotrophins NGF, CNTF, NF3, NF4, BDNF, GDNF are analysed, as well as the Shh protein’s impact on the regeneration of neu- rons and glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems and the specificity of their action on specific cells. The influence of such nonspecific trophic factors as EGF, FGF, IGF-1, VEGF on the viability of cells of the nervous system is described, the results of the enhancement of neurogenesis by using stimulants of erythropoiesis and retinoic acid are given. The results of using various me- thods of growth factors implantation are demonstrated. Conclusions. In the course of the study, it was found that in recent studies, mainly preclinical, both positive and negative results of the neurotrophins and nonspe- cific growth factors application for stimulating reparative neurogenesis and neuroprotection have been experi- mentally achieved. The specificity of their action on vari- ous neurocytes and the dependence of the effect on the chosen route of administration during therapy are noted. It is concluded that additional research is needed to re- solve the issue of recommending these factors for clinical application.

scholarly journals Clinical Application of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Cerebral Ischemia

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyohiro HOUKIN ◽  
Hitoshi MATSUZAWA ◽  
Mikio NOMURA ◽  
Hisatoshi SAITOH ◽  
Hiroyasu KAMIYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy

Echocardiography. Clinical application in mitral stenosis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
Mitral Stenosis

Ultrastorcture of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells in Rats Subjected To Partial Global Cerebral Ischemia

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 674-675
Author(s):  
R.V.W. Dimlich ◽  
M.H. Biros
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Global Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Cerebellar Damage ◽  
Cerebellar Injury ◽  
Cerebellar Purkinje Cells ◽  
Cell Changes

In severe cerebral ischemia, Purkinje cells of the cerebellum are one of the cell types most vulnerable to anoxic damage. In the partial (forebrain) global ischemic (PGI) model of the rat, Paljärvi noted at the light microscopic level that cerebellar damage is inconsistant and when present, milder than in the telencephalon, diencephalon and rostral brain stem. Cerebellar injury was observed in 3 of 4 PGI rats following 5 minutes of reperfusion but in none of the rats after 90 min of reperfusion. To evaluate a time between these two extremes (5 and 90 min), the present investigation used the PGI model to study the effects of ischemia on the ultrastructure of cerebellar Purkinje cells in rats that were sacrificed after 30 min of reperfusion. This time also was chosen because lactic acid that is thought to contribute to ischemic cell changes in PGI is at a maximum after 30 min of reperfusion.

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