Improvements of the magnetic field design for SPIDER and MITICA negative ion beam sources

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chitarin ◽  
P. Agostinetti ◽  
D. Aprile ◽  
N. Marconato ◽  
P. Veltri
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Ion beam excitation of ion-cyclotron waves and ion heating in plasmas with drifting ions

1978 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Hauck ◽  
H. Böhmer ◽  
N. Rynn ◽  
Gregory Benford
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Ion Heating ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Waves ◽  
Diffusion Effects ◽  
Ion Cyclotron ◽  
Cyclotron Mode ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Beam Excitation

Ion-cyclotron waves are excited by cesium and potassium ion beams in cesium and potassium Q-machine plasmas. The ion beams are injected along the magnetic field with care to avoid beam transverse velocities. The observed ion-cyclotron mode frequencies are below those driven by electron currents. These resonant instabilities are convective in character with small spatial growth rates ki/kr ≃ 0.05. Plasma ion heating is observed and is consistent with a model in which mode amplitudes are saturated by diffusion effects.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of ion beam transport in laser initiated plasma channels

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. PENACHE ◽  
C. NIEMANN ◽  
A. TAUSCHWITZ ◽  
R. KNOBLOCH ◽  
S. NEFF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Plasma Channel ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Current ◽  
Beam Transport ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Discharge Gap ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The aim of the presented experiments is to study the transport of a heavy ion beam in a high-current plasma channel. The discharge is initiated in NH3 gas at pressures between 2 and 20 mbar by a line-tuned CO2 laser. A stable discharge over the entire electrode gap (0.5 m) was achieved for currents up to 60 kA. Concerning the ion beam transport, the magnetic field distribution inside the plasma channel has to be known. The ion-optical properties of the plasma channel have been investigated using different species of heavy ions (C, Ni, Au, U) with 11.4 MeV/u during six runs at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschungs-UNILAC linear accelerator. The high magnetic field allowed the accomplishment of one complete betatron oscillation along the discharge channel. The results obtained up to now are very promising and suggest that, by scaling the discharge gap to longer distances, the beam transport over several meters is possible with negligible losses.

Formation of Fe-Co-Si Structure in Fe and Co Implanted Si Substrate

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (42) ◽  
pp. 2309-2314
Author(s):  
Wickramaarachchige J. Lakshantha ◽  
Satyabrata Singh ◽  
Floyd D. McDaniel ◽  
Bibhudutta Rout
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Peak Concentration ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Beam Direction ◽  
Si Substrate ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACTTernary Fe-Co-Si B20 phase structure was formed by implanting Fe and Co ions consecutively into Si(100) substrate at 50 keV energy, each with a fluence of 1.0 × 1017 atoms/cm2 and post-thermal vacuum annealing at 500 oC for 60 minutes. An in-situ magnetic field was used to enhance the formation of the ternary phase in the Si substrate during the implantation process. The magnetic field of 0.05 T was applied perpendicular to the incoming ion beam direction and parallel to the substrate surface to form elongated clusters in the transverse direction of the sample. Prior to the implantation of ions, the implant ions depth profiles were simulated using a dynamic ion-solid interaction code (TRIDYN). The TRIDYN simulation predicted a saturation in the peak concentration of the Fe and Co ions at a fluence of 1.0 × 1017 atoms/cm2. XPS measurement at the peak concentration depth (40 nm) showed the presence of Fe (23 %) and Co (32 %) in the Si matrix. XRD characterization confirmed the presence of stable Fe-Co-Si B20 phase structure in the annealed samples implanted with the in-situ magnetic field.

scholarly journals Ion energy increase in laser-generated plasma expanding through axial magnetic field trap

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Torrisi ◽  
D. Margarone ◽  
S. Gammino ◽  
L. Andò
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Axial Magnetic Field ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Ion Interactions ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Laser-generated plasma is obtained in high vacuum (10−7 mbar) by irradiation of metallic targets (Al, Cu, Ta) with laser beam with intensities of the order of 1010 W/cm2. An Nd:Yag laser operating at 1064 nm wavelength, 9 ns pulse width, and 500 mJ maximum pulse energy is used. Time of flight measurements of ion emission along the direction normal to the target surface were performed with an ion collector. Measurements with and without a 0.1 Tesla magnetic field, directed along the normal to the target surface, have been taken for different target-detector distances and for increasing laser pulse intensity. Results have demonstrated that the magnetic field configuration creates an electron trap in front of the target surface along the axial direction. Electric fields inside the trap induce ion acceleration; the presence of electron bundles not only focuses the ion beam but also increases its energy, mean charge state and current. The explanation of this phenomenon can be found in the electric field modification inside the non-equilibrium plasma because of an electron bunching that increases the number of electron-ion interactions. The magnetic field, in fact, modifies the electric field due to the charge separation between the clouds of fast electrons, many of which remain trapped in the magnetic hole, and slow ions, ejected from the ablated target; moreover it increases the number of electron-ion interactions producing higher charge states.

Ion beam ordinary electromagnetic mode instability

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Gaffey
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Instability Criterion ◽  
Electromagnetic Mode ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
Large Growth ◽  
Streaming Velocity ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The instability of the ordinary mode propagating perpendicular to the magnetic field is discussed for two ion beams counter-streaming along the magnetic field through a plasma of stationary electrons and ions. The instability criterion gives the necessary and sufficient condition for a purely growing mode. Although the instability threshold is high (u/Voi ≳ (2βoiNoi/Noi)-½ if the streaming velocity is 10% larger than the threshold value), large growth rates of the order of the ion cyclotron frequency result.

scholarly journals Simulation of propagating a proton beam in a reactor

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Niu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Small Radius ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
The Magnetic Field

One of the difficulties of light ion beam fusion is to propagate the beam in the reactor cavity and to focus the beam on the target. The light ion beam has some local divergence angle because there are several causes for divergence at the diode. The ion beam propagates with a speed of one tenth of light speed. With this high speed, the leading edge of the ion beam cannot be charge-neutralized due to the delay of neutralization by the inertia of thermal electrons in the background plasma. The electrostatic force induced by this mechanism at the leading edge causes the beam divergence during propagation. To confine the beam in a small radius during propagation, the magnetic field must play a role. Here the electron beam is proposed to be launched simultaneously with the launch of a proton beam. If the electron beam has the excess current, the beam induces the magnetic field in the negative azimuthal direction, which confines the ion beam in a small radius by the electrostatic field, as well as the electron beam by the Lorentz force. The metal guide around the beam path helps the beam confinement and reduces the total amount of magnetic field energy induced by the electron current. Simulation shows that the proton beam with the comoving electron beam propagates in a small radius confined in the metal guide.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional simulation of the electromagnetic ion/ion beam instability: cross field diffusion

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kucharek ◽  
M. Scholder ◽  
A. P. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Static Field ◽  
Beam Instability ◽  
Field Diffusion ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract. In a system with at least one ignorable spatial dimension charged particles moving in fluctuating fields are tied to the magnetic field lines. Thus, in one-and two-dimensional simulations cross-field diffusion is inhibited and important physics may be lost. We have investigated cross-field diffusion in self-consistent 3-D magnetic turbulence by fully 3-dimensional hybrid simulation (macro-particle ions, massless electron fluid). The turbulence is generated by the electromagnetic ion/ion beam instability. A cold, low density, ion beam with a high velocity stream relative to the background plasma excites the right-hand resonant instability. Such ion beams may be important in the region of the Earth's foreshock. The field turbulence scatters the beam ions parallel as well as perpendicular to the magnetic field. We have determined the parallel and perpendicular diffusion coefficient for the beam ions in the turbulent wave field. The result compares favourably well (within a factor 2) with hard-sphere scattering theory for the cross-field diffusion coefficient. The cross-field diffusion coefficient is larger than that obtained in a static field with a Kolmogorov type spectrum and similar total fluctuation power. This is attributed to the resonant behaviour of the particles in the fluctuating field.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document