scholarly journals Non uniform shrinkages of double-walled carbon nanotube as induced by electron beam irradiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 093103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfang Zhu ◽  
Huimin Gong ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Lunxiong Li ◽  
Chenghua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Irradiation

scholarly journals Increased Tensile Strength of Carbon Nanotube Yarns and Sheets through Chemical Modification and Electron Beam Irradiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 6120-6126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandi G. Miller ◽  
Tiffany S. Williams ◽  
James S. Baker ◽  
Francisco Solá ◽  
Marisabel Lebron-Colon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Yarns

THE BEHAVIOR OF GALLIUM CONFINED IN CARBON NANOTUBES DURING HEATING AND COOLING

2008 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZONGWEN LIU ◽  
RONGKUN ZHENG ◽  
KYLE R. RATINAC ◽  
SIMON P. RINGER
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Heating And Cooling

The thermal expansion of gallium ( Ga ) encapsulated in carbon nanotubes has been studied. It is demonstrated that the volumetric expansion and contraction of the Ga confined in the carbon nanotubes display a linear relationship with temperature. While the level of the tip of the Ga column changes linearly with temperature, it returns to its previous position, without any hysteresis, when reheated or cooled to the original temperature, provided the Ga has not frozen and electron-beam irradiation is minimized. It is shown that electron beam irradiation can cause shrinkage in carbon-nanotube diameter, and that a high-intensity electron beam can also induce the formation of new carbon shells inside the carbon nanotubes. Upon freezing, the solid Ga has two unique orientation relationships with the carbon nanotubes.

Generation and repair of defect for carbon nanotube under tensile stress by low acceleration electron beam irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 2516-2518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Ueki ◽  
Ryosuke Endo ◽  
Takeshi Hikata ◽  
Soichro Okubo ◽  
Risa Utsunomiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Irradiation

Methods to Monitor and Improve the Performance of Specimen Holders for Transmission Electron Cryomicroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
B. L. Armbruster ◽  
B. Kraus ◽  
M. Pan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Electron Cryomicroscopy ◽  
Thermal Equilibration ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopes

One goal in electron microscopy of biological specimens is to improve the quality of data to equal the resolution capabilities of modem transmission electron microscopes. Radiation damage and beam- induced movement caused by charging of the sample, low image contrast at high resolution, and sensitivity to external vibration and drift in side entry specimen holders limit the effective resolution one can achieve. Several methods have been developed to address these limitations: cryomethods are widely employed to preserve and stabilize specimens against some of the adverse effects of the vacuum and electron beam irradiation, spot-scan imaging reduces charging and associated beam-induced movement, and energy-filtered imaging removes the “fog” caused by inelastic scattering of electrons which is particularly pronounced in thick specimens.Although most cryoholders can easily achieve a 3.4Å resolution specification, information perpendicular to the goniometer axis may be degraded due to vibration. Absolute drift after mechanical and thermal equilibration as well as drift after movement of a holder may cause loss of resolution in any direction.

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