scholarly journals Publisher's Note: “Surface passivation of n-type c-Si wafers by a-Si/SiO2/SiNx stack with <1 cm/s effective surface recombination velocity” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 183903 (2013)]

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (21) ◽  
pp. 219901
Author(s):  
Stanislau Y. Herasimenka ◽  
Clarence J. Tracy ◽  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
Natasa Vulic ◽  
William J. Dauksher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Effective Surface ◽  
Type C ◽  
Recombination Velocity

Surface passivation of n-type c-Si wafers by a-Si/SiO2/SiNx stack with <1 cm/s effective surface recombination velocity

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (18) ◽  
pp. 183903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislau Y. Herasimenka ◽  
Clarence J. Tracy ◽  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
Natasa Vulic ◽  
William J. Dauksher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Effective Surface ◽  
Type C ◽  
Recombination Velocity

Investigation of Surface Passivation in InAs/GaSb Strained-Layer-Superlattices Using Picosecond Excitation Correlation Measurement and Variable-Area Diode Array Surface Recombination Velocity Measurement

2005 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimei Zhu ◽  
Elena Plis ◽  
Abdenour Amtout ◽  
Pallab Bhattacharya ◽  
Sanjay Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Detectors ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Surface States ◽  
Depletion Region ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Ammonium Sulfide ◽  
Picosecond Excitation ◽  
Recombination Velocity

ABSTRACTThe effect of ammonium sulfide passivation on InAs/GaSb superlattice infrared detectors was investigated using two complementary techniques, namely, picosecond excitation correlation (PEC) measurement and variable-area diode array (VADA) surface recombination velocity (SRV) measurement. PEC measurements were conducted on etched InAs/GaSb superlattice mesas, which were passivated in aqueous ammonium sulfide solutions of various strengths for several durations. The PEC signal's decay time constant (DTC) is proportional to carrier lifetimes. At 77 K the PEC signal's DTC of the as-grown InAs/GaSb superlattice sample was 2.0 ns, while that of the unpassivated etched sample was reduced to 1.2 ns by the surface states at the mesa sidewalls. The most effective ammonium sulfide passivation process increased the PEC signal's DTC to 10.4 ns. However it is difficult to isolate surface recombination from other processes that contribute to the lifetime using the PEC data, therefore a VADA SRV measurement was undertaken to determine the effect of passivation on surface recombination. The obtained SRV in the depletion region of the InAs/GaSb superlattice and GaSb junction was 1.1×106 cm/s for the unpassivated sample and 4.6×105 cm/s for the passivated sample. At 77 K the highest R0A value measured in our passivated devices was 2540 W cm2 versus 0.22 W cm2 for the unpassivated diodes. The results of the lifetime, the SRV and the R0A measurements indicate that ammonium sulfide passivation will improve the performance of InAs/GaSb superlattice infrared detectors.

Surface Recombination Investigation in Thin 4H-SiC Layers

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolis GULBINAS ◽  
Vytautas GRIVICKAS ◽  
Haniyeh P. MAHABADI ◽  
Muhammad USMAN ◽  
Anders HALLÉN
Keyword(s):  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Lifetime Distributions ◽  
Carrier Lifetimes ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Type Layer ◽  
Recombination Velocity ◽  
P Type

n- and p-type 4H-SiC epilayers were grown on heavily doped SiC substrates. The thickness of the p-type layer was 7 µm and the doping level around 1017 cm 3, while the n-type epilayers were 15 µm thick and had a doping concentration of 3 - 5*1015 cm 3. Several different surface treatments were then applied on the epilayers for surface passivation: SiO2 growth, Al2O3 deposited by atomic layer deposition, and Ar-ion implantation. Using collinear pump - probe technique the effective carrier lifetimes were measured from various places and statistical lifetime distributions were obtained. For surface recombination evaluation, two models are presented. One states that surface recombination velocity (SRV) is equal on both the passivation/epi layer interface (S2) and the deeper interface between the epilayer and the SiC substrate i. e. (S1 = S2). The other model is simulated assuming that SRV in the epilayer/substrate (S1) interface is constant while in the passivation layer/epilayer (S2) interface SRV can be varied S2 < S1. Empirical nomograms are presented with various parameters sets to evaluate S2 values. We found that on the investigated 4H-SiC surfaces S2 ranges from 3x104 to 5x104 assuming that the bulk lifetime is 4 (µs. In Ar+ implanted surfaces S2 is between (105 - 106) cm/s.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.17.2.479

High Open-Circuit Voltage in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Matt R. Page ◽  
Eugene Iwancizko ◽  
Yueqin Xu ◽  
Lorenzo Roybal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Float Zone ◽  
Double Heterojunction ◽  
Type C ◽  
Recombination Velocity

AbstractHigh open-circuit voltage (Voc) silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells are fabricated in double-heterojunction a-Si:H/c-Si/a-Si:H structures using low temperature (<225°C) hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) contacts deposited by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD). On p-type c-Si float-zone wafers, we used an amorphous n/i contact to the top surface and an i/p contact to the back surface to obtain a Voc of 667 mV in a 1 cm2 cell with an efficiency of 18.2%. This is the best reported p-type SHJ voltage. In our labs, it improves over the 652 mV cell obtained with a front amorphous n/i heterojunction emitter and a high-temperature alloyed Al back-surface-field contact. On n-type c-Si float-zone wafers, we used an a Si:H (p/i) front emitter and an a-Si:H (i/n) back contact to achieve a Voc of 691 mV on 1 cm2 cell. Though not as high as the 730 mV reported by Sanyo on n-wafers, this is the highest reported Voc for SHJ c-Si cells processed by the HWCVD technique. We found that effective c-Si surface cleaning and a double-heterojunction are keys to obtaining high Voc. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that high Voc cells require an abrupt interface from c-Si to a-Si:H. If the transition from the base wafer to the a-Si:H incorporates either microcrystalline or epitaxial Si at c Si interface, a low Voc will result. Lifetime measurement shows that the back-surface-recombination velocity (BSRV) can be reduced to ~15 cm/s through a-Si:H passivation. Amorphous silicon heterojunction layers on crystalline wafers thus combine low-surface recombination velocity with excellent carrier extraction.

Orientation Dependence Of Surface Passivation For Semi-Insulating Gaas

1996 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.P. Koutzarov ◽  
C.H. Edirisinghe ◽  
H.E. Ruda ◽  
L.Z. Jedral ◽  
Q. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Dielectric Film ◽  
Surface Recombination ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Surface Recombination Velocity ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Recombination Velocity

AbstractWe report on the orientation dependence ((100), (110) and (111) ) of photoluminescence (PL), photoreflectance (PR) and Surface Photo-Voltage (SPV) for sulfur passivated bulk semiinsulating (SI) GaAs. Near band gap PL peak intensities (bound-exciton and acceptor-related) were enhanced following (NH4)2S or S2Cl2 treatment of GaAs for all orientations. The reduction of surface recombination velocity (from PL data) was orientation dependent and especially pronounced for the case of (111)A and (111)B orientations. The effect of thin dielectric layers deposited on S-treated surfaces was also investigated, particularly for (100) and (111)A orientations. SPV data shows a strong increase in the above band gap signal after both Streatment and dielectric film deposition, which was higher than that measured for only S-treated surfaces. PR data showed an increase in the interfacial electric field following deposition of dielectric film. The results of absolute S-surface coverage measurements using particle-induced X-ray emission measurements were correlated with the optical characteristics.

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