On the physical role of exchange in the formation of an intramolecular bond path between two electronegative atoms

2013 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 024102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Tognetti ◽  
Laurent Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Bond Path ◽  
Physical Role

scholarly journals Topological Order, Mixed States and Open Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Asorey ◽  
Paolo Facchi ◽  
Giuseppe Marmo
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Topological Phases ◽  
Topological Order ◽  
Mixed States ◽  
Quantum Matter ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
Topological Quantum ◽  
Pure States

The role of mixed states in topological quantum matter is less known than that of pure quantum states. Generalisations of topological phases appearing in pure states have received attention in the literature only quite recently. In particular, it is still unclear whether the generalisation of the Aharonov–Anandan phase for mixed states due to Uhlmann plays any physical role in the behaviour of the quantum systems. We analyse, from a general viewpoint, topological phases of mixed states and the robustness of their invariance. In particular, we analyse the role of these phases in the behaviour of systems with periodic symmetry and their evolution under the influence of an environment preserving its crystalline symmetries.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EPICUTICULAR WAX AND BLACKSPOT CAUSED BY ALTERNARIA BRASSICAE IN THREE LINES OF RAPESEED

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. TEWARI ◽  
W. P. SKOROPAD
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Alternaria Brassicae ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
Wax Crystals

The physical role of epicuticular wax in rapeseed in conferring resistance to Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. has been investigated using the adaxial surface of the upper leaves of three lines of rapeseed. The lines of rapeseed were selected to offer a range of bloom and degrees of resistance to A. brassicae. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that epicuticular wax is organized in two layers. The distal layer is fluffy and consists of cylindrical wax crystals, while the proximal layer has plate-like wax crystals. The distal layer is thicker in the Iowa line (Brassica napus L.) than in the cv. Midas (B. napus), while the proximal layer is almost similar in the two cultivars. Torch (B. campestris L.) has only a minimal amount of wax. Wiping of the leaves with cotton wool removes the fluffy wax layer. The amount of wax per cm2 of the leaf surface is maximum in the Iowa line, followed by that in Midas and Torch. The contact angle of water droplets is significantly reduced and retention of conidia and development of blackspots caused by A. brassicae are significantly increased upon wiping of the leaves in Iowa line and Midas but not in Torch. It is concluded that the bloom in rapeseed confers partial resistance to A. brassicae by providing a water-repellent surface.

PATH-INTEGRAL DERIVATION OF ONE-PARAMETER DEPENDENT NONMINIMAL ANOMALIES AND EFFECTIVE ACTIONS IN SCHWINGER MODEL AND ITS VARIANTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 201-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. YI ◽  
D.K. PARK ◽  
B.H. CHO
Keyword(s):  
Path Integral ◽  
Integral Method ◽  
Parameter Family ◽  
Schwinger Model ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
Regularization Operator ◽  
Path Integral Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Parameter Dependent

The one-parameter dependent nonminimal anomalies and effective actions are derived by the path-integral method using the one-parameter family of Euclidean regularization operator in Schwinger model with vector, chiral, and chirally asymmetric couplings. We also investigate the factorizability of fermion determinant and the physical role of regularization ambiguity in chiral Schwinger model.

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