The role of gauge theory, symmetry-breaking, and electroweak unification in the discovery of weak neutral currents

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Bludman
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Neutral Currents ◽  
Weak Neutral Currents

scholarly journals Role of center vortices in chiral symmetry breaking in SU(3) gauge theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick O. Bowman ◽  
Kurt Langfeld ◽  
Derek B. Leinweber ◽  
André Sternbeck ◽  
Lorenz von Smekal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking

Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Kapoor ◽  
Sachin Kotak
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Aurora A Kinase ◽  
Aurora A ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Polarity Establishment

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.

scholarly journals More on the flavor dependence of mϱ/fπ

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Yu. Kotov ◽  
Daniel Nogradi ◽  
Kalman K. Szabo ◽  
Lorinc Szikszai
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Finite Volume ◽  
Continuum Limit ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Translational Symmetry ◽  
Fundamental Representation ◽  
Staggered Fermions ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Volume Effects

Abstract In previous work, [arXiv:1905.01909], we have calculated the mϱ/fπ ratio in the chiral and continuum limit for SU(3) gauge theory coupled to Nf = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 fermions in the fundamental representation. The main result was that this ratio displays no statistically significant Nf-dependence. In the present work we continue the study of the Nf-dependence by extending the simulations to Nf = 7, 8, 9, 10. Along the way we also study in detail the Nf-dependence of finite volume effects on low energy observables and a particular translational symmetry breaking unphysical, lattice artefact phase specific to staggered fermions.

scholarly journals Instability of the marginal commutative model of tunneling centers interacting with a metallic environment: Role of the electron-hole symmetry breaking

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (20) ◽  
pp. 12947-12960 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zawadowski ◽  
G. Zaránd ◽  
P. Nozières ◽  
K. Vladár ◽  
G. T. Zimányi
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Tunneling Centers
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