EPR study of europium ions in type A zeolite. The general classification of the EPR spectra ofS‐state rare‐earth ions in disordered polycrystalline or glassy matrices

1983 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 1185-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Iton ◽  
C. M. Brodbeck ◽  
S. L. Suib ◽  
G. D. Stucky
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Type A ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Epr Spectra ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Glassy Matrices

EPR SPECTRA OF PAIRS OF INTERACTING RARE-EARTH IONS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Baker ◽  
A. E. Mau
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Exchange Interaction ◽  
Quadrupole Interaction ◽  
Electric Quadrupole ◽  
Dipole Interaction ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Epr Spectra

The EPR spectra of interacting pairs of Dy3+, Tb3+, and Ho3+ ions in rare-earth ethyl sulfates have been studied in order to determine the nature and magnitude of the interactions. The departures from dipole–dipole interaction are mostly rather small, except for the interaction between a pair of Dy3+ ions, one of which is in the ground doublet and the other in the first excited doublet at 16 cm−1. A discussion is given of the difficulties of differentiating between the effects of electric quadrupole–quadrupole interaction and virtual phonon exchange interaction.

Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Glasses Doped with (Erbium-ions/CdSe) Nanoparticles for Laser Amplifications

2007 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Laser Amplifiers ◽  
Erbium Ions ◽  
Laser Amplification ◽  
Silicate Materials ◽  
Glassy Matrices

AbstractHybrid organic/inorganic silicate materials are employed to incorporate rare-earth metal ions for laser amplification applications. Performance of laser amplifiers doped with rare-earth ions significantly relies on glassy hosts. We thus designed and synthesized highly fluorinated glassy hosts doped with biphase of Er3+/CdSe nano-particles. Fluoroalkylene-bridged xerogels containing Er3+-ions show low absorptions at the 1540 nm in this study. The presence of CdSe nano-particles also significantly influences the fluorescence environment of Er3+-ions in the fluorinated glassy matrices.

scholarly journals EPR spectra and magnetization of XY-type rare-earth ions in pyrochlores Y2Ti2O7: RE3+ (RE=Yb, Er)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Batulin ◽  
◽  
M.A. Cherosov ◽  
I.F. Gilmutdinov ◽  
A.G. Kiiamov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Epr Spectra

Characterization of Rare-Earth Fluoride Anti-Stokes Phosphors by Scanning arid Transmission Electron Microscopy

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
N. M. P. Low ◽  
L. E. Brosselard
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Crystalline Solid ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Rare Earth Fluoride ◽  
Earth Fluoride ◽  
Rare Earth Fluorides

There has been considerable interest over the past several years in materials capable of converting infrared radiation to visible light by means of sequential excitation in two or more steps. Several rare-earth trifluorides (LaF3, YF3, GdF3, and LuF3) containing a small amount of other trivalent rare-earth ions (Yb3+ and Er3+, or Ho3+, or Tm3+) have been found to exhibit such phenomenon. The methods of preparation of these rare-earth fluorides in the crystalline solid form generally involve a co-precipitation process and a subsequent solid state reaction at elevated temperatures. This investigation was undertaken to examine the morphological features of both the precipitated and the thermally treated fluoride powders by both transmission and scanning electron microscopy.Rare-earth oxides of stoichiometric composition were dissolved in nitric acid and the mixed rare-earth fluoride was then coprecipitated out as fine granules by the addition of excess hydrofluoric acid. The precipitated rare-earth fluorides were washed with water, separated from the aqueous solution, and oven-dried.

FUNDAMENTAL NATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF LABOR MIGRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Tulkin Chulliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Fundamental Nature

The article explains the fundamental nature of migration by combining the definitions given by other scholars. The issue of labor migration is analyzed. One of the most important problems in contemporary migration processes - the problem of classification- is researched and a general classification is provided

Structural, Morphological and Magnetic Characterization of Sm-substituted Ni-Zn Ferrite

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanif bin Zahari ◽  
Beh Hoe Guan ◽  
Lee Kean Chuan ◽  
Afiq Azri bin Zainudin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Zn Ferrite ◽  
Auto Combustion ◽  
Combustion Technique

Background: Rare earth materials are known for its salient electrical insulation properties with high values of electrical resistivity. It is expected that the substitution of rare earth ions into spinel ferrites could significantly alter its magnetic properties. In this work, the effect of the addition of Samarium ions on the structural, morphological and magnetic properties of Ni0.5Zn0.5SmxFe2-xO4 (x=0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) synthesized using sol-gel auto combustion technique was investigated. Methods: A series of Samarium-substituted Ni-Zn ferrite nanoparticles (Ni0.5Zn0.5SmxFe2-xO4 where x=0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) were synthesized by sol-gel auto-combustion technique. Structural, morphological and magnetic properties of the samples were examined through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) measurements. Results: XRD patterns revealed single-phased samples with spinel cubic structure up to x= 0.04. The average crystallite size of the samples varied in the range of 41.8 – 85.6 nm. The prepared samples exhibited agglomerated particles with larger grain size observed in Sm-substituted Ni-Zn ferrite as compared to the unsubstituted sample. The prepared samples exhibited typical soft magnetic behavior as evidenced by the small coercivity field. The magnetic saturation, Ms values decreased as the Sm3+ concentration increases. Conclusion: The substituted Ni-Zn ferrites form agglomerated particles inching towards more uniform microstructure with each increase in Sm3+ substitution. The saturation magnetization of substituted samples decreases with the increase of samarium ion concentration. The decrease in saturation magnetization can be explained based on weak super exchange interaction between A and B sites. The difference in magnetic properties between the samples despite the slight difference in Sm3+ concentrations suggests that the properties of the NiZnFe2O4 can be ‘tuned’, depending on the present need, through the substitution of Fe3+ with rare earth ions.

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