Soft x-ray population inversion of Na XI levels by intercombination line resonant photoexcitation

Observation of population inversion in recombining Al plasma by time‐ and space‐resolved x‐ray spectroscopy

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.116260 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 68 (11) ◽

pp. 1479-1481 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Katsuragawa ◽

J. Itatani ◽

S. Orimo ◽

T. Ozaki ◽

H. Kuroda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Inversion ◽

Time And Space ◽

X Ray

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A brief review of the intensity of lines 3C and 3D in neon-like Fe XVII

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p07-158 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 199-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

G V Brown

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Ion Trap ◽

Diagnostic Utility ◽

The Sun ◽

Model Calculations ◽

Atomic Theory ◽

X Ray ◽

Electron Beam Ion Trap ◽

Intercombination Line

X-ray emission from neon-like Fe XVII has been measured with high-resolution spectrometers from laboratory or celestial sources for nearly seven decades. Two of the strongest lines regularly identified in these spectra are the 1P1 → 1S0 resonance and the 3D1 → 1S0 intercombination line, known as 3C and 3D, respectively. This paper gives a brief overview of measurements of the intensities of the lines 3C and 3D from laboratory and celestial sources and their comparison to model calculations, with an emphasis on measurements completed using an electron beam ion trap. It includes a discussion of the measured absolute cross sections compared with results from modern atomic theory calculations as well as the diagnostic utility of the relative intensity, R = I3C/I3CD, as it applies to the interpretation of spectra measured from the Sun and extra-solar sources. PACS Nos.: 32.30.Rj, 32.30.–r, 32.70.Cs, 52.72.+v, 95.85.Nv, 96.60.P–, 97.10.Ex

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Subatomic electron states in condensed matter

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/cjp-2016-0830 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (5) ◽

pp. 514-523 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Boris I. Ivlev

Keyword(s):

Population Inversion ◽

Condensed Matter ◽

Zero Point ◽

Electromagnetic Energy ◽

Laser Beams ◽

Laser Generation ◽

Electron States ◽

X Ray ◽

Local Reduction ◽

Continuous Frequency

In experiments on irradiation of metal surfaces by ions of keV energy, the emission of X-ray laser beams from the metal was observed not only during irradiation but also 20 h after it was switched off (from the “dead” sample). In contrast to a usual laser, the emitted collimated X-ray beams were of continuous frequency. In this paper the mechanism of that phenomenon is proposed. Subatomic electron states are formed inside the metal. These states are associated with anomalous wells within the subatomically small (10−11 cm) region. An anomalous well is formed by the local reduction (of MeV scale) in that region of zero point electromagnetic energy. States in anomalous wells are long-lived, which results in population inversion and the subsequent laser generation observed. The energies of emitted X-ray beams are due to the conversion of zero point electromagnetic energy (X-ray laser beams from vacuum).

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Population inversion and gain measurements for soft X-ray laser development in a magnetically confined plasma column

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics ◽

10.1109/jqe.1983.1071803 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 1855-1860 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

S. Suckewer ◽

C. Skinner ◽

D. Voorhees ◽

H. Milchberg ◽

C. Keane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Column ◽

Population Inversion ◽

X Ray ◽

Magnetically Confined ◽

Laser Development

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X-ray microscopy of laser-produced plasmas with the use of bent crystals

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s026303460000238x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 135-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

E. Förster ◽

K. Gäbel ◽

I. Uschmann

Keyword(s):

Dynamical Theory ◽

High Luminosity ◽

Spectral Window ◽

X Ray ◽

Lyman Alpha ◽

Laser Facility ◽

Spectral Ranges ◽

Bent Crystals ◽

Intercombination Line

X-ray spectroscopical and microscopical methods are used for the determination of the spectral and spatial distribution of X-ray intensity of laser-produced plasmas. The use of Bragg reflections of two-dimensionally bent crystals enables the X-ray microscopical imaging in narrow spectral ranges (Δλ/λ = 10−4 to 10−2) with wavelengths 0.1 nm < λ > 2.6 nm. It is possible to adapt, in the X-ray microscope, the distances, magnification, position, and width of the spectral window to the special conditions of the laser facility. Manufacturing and testing of the two-dimensionally bent crystals requires a great deal of effort. It was demonstrated that a spatial resolution of about 5 μm was achieved, and that the experimentally determined reflectivity was found to be in close agreement with the dynamical theory of X-ray interferences. Due to high luminosity of the X-ray microscope, in experiments with laser-produced plasmas it was necessary to attenuate the radiation with aperture-limiting diaphragms or filters down to 0.01–1% of the original intensity in the case of a magnification of about one. Emission of the resonance line W 1–2, the intercombination line of helium-like ions, and Lyman alpha line were imaged simultaneously with a three-channel microscope. Such images form the foundation for establishing the Ne(r), Tz(r) maps.

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