Manipulation of ferroelectric vortex domains in hexagonal manganites

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 052007 ◽  
Author(s):  
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E. Soergel ◽  
M. Fiebig
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Nguyen Thi Minh Hien ◽  
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2014 ◽  
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Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. eaav4355 ◽  
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Yuanwei Sun ◽  
Adeel Y. Abid ◽  
Congbing Tan ◽  
Chuanlai Ren ◽  
Mingqiang Li ◽  
...  

Recently, several captivating topological structures of electric dipole moments (e.g., vortex, flux closure) have been reported in ferroelectrics with reduced size/dimensions. However, accurate polarization distribution of these topological ferroelectric structures has never been experimentally obtained. We precisely measure the polarization distribution of an individual ferroelectric vortex in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices at the subunit cell level by using the atomically resolved integrated differential phase contrast imaging in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope. We find, in vortices, that out-of-plane polarization is larger than in-plane polarization, and that downward polarization is larger than upward polarization. The polarization magnitude is closely related to tetragonality. Moreover, the contribution of the Pb─O bond to total polarization is highly inhomogeneous in vortices. Our precise measurement at the subunit cell scale provides a sound foundation for mechanistic understanding of the structure and properties of a ferroelectric vortex and lattice-charge coupling phenomena in these topological ferroelectric structures.


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