Comparison Of Electromagnetic, Electrostatic And Permanent Magnet Quadrupole Lens Probe-Forming Systems For High Energy Ions

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Dymnikov ◽  
Gary A. Glass ◽  
Floyd D. McDaniel ◽  
Barney L. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Quadrupole Lens ◽  
High Energy Ions

Effects of High-Energy Ions on Synthetic Quartz

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Comer ◽  
Charles Bergeron ◽  
Lester F. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Kikuchi Lines ◽  
High Energy Ions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Dauphiné Twinning ◽  
Beam Damage

Using a Van De Graaff Accelerator thinned specimens were subjected to bombardment by 3 MeV N+ ions to fluences ranging from 4x1013 to 2x1016 ions/cm2. They were then examined by transmission electron microscopy and reflection electron diffraction using a 100 KV electron beam.At the lowest fluence of 4x1013 ions/cm2 diffraction patterns of the specimens contained Kikuchi lines which appeared somewhat broader and more diffuse than those obtained on unirradiated material. No damage could be detected by transmission electron microscopy in unannealed specimens. However, Dauphiné twinning was particularly pronounced after heating to 665°C for one hour and cooling to room temperature. The twins, seen in Fig. 1, were often less than .25 μm in size, smaller than those formed in unirradiated material and present in greater number. The results are in agreement with earlier observations on the effect of electron beam damage on Dauphiné twinning.

scholarly journals Ion tracks in silicon formed by much lower energy deposition than the track formation threshold

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Amekura ◽  
M. Toulemonde ◽  
K. Narumi ◽  
R. Li ◽  
A. Chiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electronic Energy ◽  
Synergy Effect ◽  
Ion Tracks ◽  
Track Formation ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
High Energy Ions

AbstractDamaged regions of cylindrical shapes called ion tracks, typically in nano-meters wide and tens micro-meters long, are formed along the ion trajectories in many insulators, when high energy ions in the electronic stopping regime are injected. In most cases, the ion tracks were assumed as consequences of dense electronic energy deposition from the high energy ions, except some cases where the synergy effect with the nuclear energy deposition plays an important role. In crystalline Si (c-Si), no tracks have been observed with any monomer ions up to GeV. Tracks are formed in c-Si under 40 MeV fullerene (C60) cluster ion irradiation, which provides much higher energy deposition than monomer ions. The track diameter decreases with decreasing the ion energy until they disappear at an extrapolated value of ~ 17 MeV. However, here we report the track formation of 10 nm in diameter under C60 ion irradiation of 6 MeV, i.e., much lower than the extrapolated threshold. The diameters of 10 nm were comparable to those under 40 MeV C60 irradiation. Furthermore, the tracks formed by 6 MeV C60 irradiation consisted of damaged crystalline, while those formed by 40 MeV C60 irradiation were amorphous. The track formation was observed down to 1 MeV and probably lower with decreasing the track diameters. The track lengths were much shorter than those expected from the drop of Se below the threshold. These track formations at such low energies cannot be explained by the conventional purely electronic energy deposition mechanism, indicating another origin, e.g., the synergy effect between the electronic and nuclear energy depositions, or dual transitions of transient melting and boiling.

scholarly journals Identification of high energy ions using backscattered particles in laser-driven ion acceleration with cluster-gas targets

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fukuda ◽  
H. Sakaki ◽  
M. Kanasaki ◽  
A. Yogo ◽  
S. Jinno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Ion Acceleration ◽  
High Energy Ions ◽  
Gas Targets

Modification of Barium Cerate by Heavy Ion Irradiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Khromushin ◽  
Taтiana I. Aksenova ◽  
Turgora Tuseyev ◽  
Karlygash K. Munasbaeva ◽  
Yuri V. Ermolaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Barium Cerate ◽  
Weakly Bound ◽  
Ion Ranges ◽  
High Energy Ions

The effect of irradiation with heavy ions Ne, Ar, and Kr of various energies on the structure and properties of ceramic barium cerate doped with neodymium and annealed in air at 650°C for 7 hours is studied. It is noted that blistering was observed on cerate surface during its irradiation by low energy Ne ions, whereas it was not observed under low-energy Ar and Kr ions irradiation. Irradiation of the cerate with high energy ions caused partial amorphization of the irradiated surface of the material, while the structure of the non-irradiated surface did not change. In addition, the irradiated surface of the cerate endured solid-phase structural changes. Thus, upon high-energy ions irradiation in the range of Ne, Ar, Kr the cerate surface resembled the stages of spherulite formation - nucleation, growth (view of cauliflower), formation of spherulitic crust, respectively. The increase in water molecules release and reduction of molecular oxygen release from the barium cerate, irradiated by high-energy ions is found during vacuum constant rate heating. It is concluded that cerates undergo changes to the distances significantly exceeding the ion ranges in these materials. Features of high-energy ions influence on thermal desorption of carbon dioxide from cerates show, apparently, the formation of weakly bound carbonate compounds on the cerate surface in the irradiation process.

Spectra of high energy ions as debris in laser-produced plasma EUV source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuto Nakayama ◽  
Hiromu Kawasaki ◽  
Takeshi Higashiguchi
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Laser Produced Plasma ◽  
High Energy Ions

Computersimulation der Rückstreuung schneller schwerer Ionen an einkristallinen (001)-und (111̅)-Goldoberflächen / Computer Simulation of the Backscattering of High Energy Ions from (001)- and (111̅)-surfaces of Au-Single Crystals

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 316-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Schmidt ◽  
K. Güttner
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Fcc Lattice ◽  
High Energy Ions

A computer program for following the trajectories of high energy ions in an fcc-lattice has been written to evaluate the reflection rate of high energy ions with grazing incidence to (001)- and (111̅)-Au-surfaces. The calculation yields a rapid decrease of the reflection rate for penetration directions close to low-index atomic planes. It can be shown that this result is caused by channeling of the ions between the atomic planes.

scholarly journals High-energy ions for rent in Japan

Nature ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 346 (6281) ◽  
pp. 210-210
Author(s):  
David Swinbanks
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ions

A nanosecond pulse radiolysis study of the hydrated electron with high energy ions with a narrow velocity distribution

2004 ◽  
Vol 385 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Baldacchino ◽  
G. Vigneron ◽  
J.-P. Renault ◽  
S. Pin ◽  
Z. Abedinzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Pulse Radiolysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nanosecond Pulse ◽  
Hydrated Electron ◽  
High Energy Ions
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