Free‐standing silicon microstructures fabricated by laser chemical processing

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 7864-7871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Westberg ◽  
Mats Boman ◽  
Stefan Johansson ◽  
Jan‐Åke Schweitz
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Silicon Microstructures

Fabrication of free-standing porous silicon microstructures

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. S164-S167 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Garel ◽  
C Breluzeau ◽  
E Dufour-Gergam ◽  
A Bosseboeuf ◽  
B Belier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Silicon Microstructures

Free-standing microscale structures of nanocrystalline zirconia with biologically replicable three-dimensional shapes

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junping Zhao ◽  
Christopher S. Gaddis ◽  
Ye Cai ◽  
Kenneth H. Sandhage
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Monoclinic Zirconia ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Silica Dissolution ◽  
Zirconium Alkoxide ◽  
Nanocrystalline Zirconia ◽  
Nanoscale Features ◽  
3D Shapes

Microscale zirconia structures with intricate three-dimensional (3D) shapes and nanoscale features were synthesized using diatom (single-celled algae) microshells as transient scaffolds. After exposure to a zirconium alkoxide-bearing solution and firing at 550–850 °C, silica-based diatom microshells were coated with a thin, continuous nanocrystalline zirconia layer. Predominantly tetragonal or monoclinic zirconia could be produced with appropriate heat treatments. Selective silica dissolution then yielded freestanding zirconia micro-assemblies that retained the microshell shape and fine features. Such hybrid (biological/synthetic chemical) processing may be used to mass-produce nanostructured micro-assemblies with a variety of 3D, biologically replicable shapes and tailored compositions for use in numerous applications.

Human-hair analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 886-887
Author(s):  
Brenda E. Lambert ◽  
Ernest C. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Human Hair ◽  
Hair Analysis ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
White Female ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Wave Technique ◽  
Permanent Wave ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to examine the external structure of four human hair shaft samples with the scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and to obtain information regarding the chemical composition of hair by using the attached x ray microanalysis unit.The hair samples were obtained from two female subjects. Sample A was taken from a black female and had not undergone any type of chemical processing. Sample B, C, D were taken from a white female, and were natural, processed, and unpigmented, i.e. “gray”, respectively. Sample C had been bleached, tinted, and chemically altered using a permanent wave technique.

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